Abstract Displays represent information visually, so they have become the fundamental building block to visualize data of current electronics including smartphones. Recently, been advanced toward flexible and wearable that can be bent, folded, or stretched while maintaining their performance under various deformations. Here, recent advances in research demonstrate displays are reviewed. We introduce these results by dividing them into several categories according components display:...

Specifying comfortable driving postures is essential for ergonomic design and evaluation of a driver workspace. The present study sought to enhance expand upon several existing recommendations such postures. Participants (n = 38) were involved in six sessions that differed by vehicle class (sedan SUV), venue (laboratory-based field) or seat (from vehicles ranked high low comfort). Sixteen joint angles measured preferred more completely describe postures, as corresponding perceptual...

Recently, some smartphones have introduced index finger interaction functions on the rear surface. The current study investigated effects of task type, phone width, and hand length grasp, reach zone, discomfort, muscle activation during such interaction. We considered five tasks (neutral, comfortable, maximum, vertical, horizontal strokes), two device widths (60 90 mm) three lengths. Horizontal (vertical) strokes deviated from axis in range −10.8° to −13.5° (81.6–88.4°). Maximum appeared be...

Due to typical physiological changes with age, older individuals are likely have different perceptual responses and needs for driver-seat interface design. To assess this, a study was conducted in which total of 22 younger participants completed six short-term driving sessions. Three subjective ratings (comfort, discomfort overall) were obtained, along 36 pressure measures, used differences similarities between the two age groups. For both groups, localised comfort more effective at...

The aim of this study is to examine the interactive effects display curvature radius and size on visual search accuracy, speed, fatigue.Although advantages curved displays have been reported, little known about size.Twenty-seven individuals performed tasks at a viewing distance 50 cm using eight configurations involving four radii (400R, 600R, 1200R, flat) two sizes (33″ 50″). To simulate screens, five flat panels were horizontally arranged with their centers concentrically repositioned...

Objective: The authors aimed to identify ergonomic smartphone forms by investigating the effects of hand length, four major dimensions (height, width, thickness, and edge roundness), mass on grip comfort design attractiveness. Background: Despite their potential effect attractiveness, specified above have never been simultaneously considered in a study gripping. Method: Seventy-two young individuals participated three-stage study. Stage 1 determined ranges suitable for identified strengths...

Driver workspace design and evaluation is, in part, based on assumed driving postures of users determines several ergonomic aspects a vehicle, such as reach, visibility postural comfort. Accurately predicting specifying standard postures, hence, are necessary to improve the quality driver workspace. In this study, statistical clustering approach was employed reduce posture simulation/prediction errors, assuming that drivers use distinct strategies when interacting with automobiles. 2-D...

Objective: This study examined the effects of display curvature, presbyopia, and task duration on visual fatigue, performance, user satisfaction. Background: Although curved displays have been applied to diverse products, some studies reported their benefits, it is still unknown whether curvature are presbyopia-specific. Method: Each 64 individuals (eight nonpresbyopes eight presbyopes per curvature) performed four 15-min proofreading tasks at one radius setting (600R, 1140R, 4000R, flat;...

Components in complex systems are intricately interconnected with each other. When design changes needed terms of sustainability, it is necessary to understand how change propagates and affects other systems. Therefore, the objective this paper describes define cause a sustainable effect propagation by utilizing Change Propagation Analysis (CPA) system dynamics. The interconnections components investigated Design Structure Matrix (DSM) subdivided into classes checklist. likelihoods measured...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects display curvature and hand length on smartphone usability, which assessed in terms grip comfort, immersive feeling, typing performance, overall satisfaction. A total 20 younger individuals with mean (SD) age 20.8 (2.4) yrs were divided into three hand-size groups (small: 8, medium: 6, large: 6). Two smartphones same size used – one a flat other side-edge curved display. Three tasks (watching video, calling, texting) evaluate usability....

Although watching TV often involves multiple viewing distances and viewers, less attention has been paid to the effects of display curvature radius, distance, lateral position on experience. This study examined four radii (2300R, 4000R, 6000R, flat), two (2.3 m 4 m), five positions (P1-P5; 0, 35, 70, 105, 140 cm off-center) seven experience elements (spatial presence, engagement, ecological validity, negative effects, visual comfort, image quality, user satisfaction). Fifty-six individuals...

Repetitive lifting/lowering is associated with an increased risk of work-related low back disorders (WRLBDs), and fatigue may exacerbate such risk. Work methods used by experienced workers are potential models for developing worker training to reduce WRLBDs, though whether experience modifies the effects on WRLBD largely unknown. Here, six novices completed 185 cycles repetitive, asymmetric lifts/lowers. Physical demands, whole-body balance torso movement stability were assessed using...

Limited information is available regarding ergonomic foldable display device forms. This two-stage study involving young South Koreans (divided into three hand-length groups) was conducted to determine forms for hand-held devices considering folding/unfolding comfort and preference. Stage I obtained the suitability of screen sizes five tasks. II evaluated 14 different bi- tri-folding methods size, folding direction, time. The effects hand length were all non-significant. Screen size...