The attachment behavioral system: basic concepts and principles -- A model of attachment-system functioning dynamics in adulthood Normative processes Measurement attachment-related constructs Individual differences functioning: development, stability, change Attachment-related mental representations self others Attachment emotion regulation orientations, self-regulation, personal growth An perspective on interpersonal couple Relations between the caregiving systems sex bases psychopathology...

In recent years, attachment theory, which was originally formulated to describe and explain infant-parent emotional bonding, has been applied the study of adolescent adult romantic relationships then psychological processes, such as interpersonal functioning, emotion regulation, coping with stress, mental health. this paper, we offer a brief overview perspective on psychopathology. Following account go how individual differences in intersects Specifically, review research findings showing...

Abstract In this article, we conceptualize the sense of attachment security as an inner resource and present theory research on broaden build cycle generated by actual or symbolic encounter with external internalized loving caring relationship partners. We also propose that body stimulated offers productive hints about interventions might increase positive experiences prosocial behavior bolstering a person's security. On basis, review recent experimental studies showing how designed to have...

Recent studies based on J. Bowlby's (1969/1982) attachment theory reveal that both dispositional and experimentally enhanced security facilitate cognitive openness empathy, strengthen self-transcendent values, foster tolerance of out-group members. Moreover, is associated with volunteering to help others in everyday life unselfish motives for volunteering. The present article reports 5 experiments, replicated 2 countries (Israel the United States), testing hypothesis increases (accomplished...

Three studies explored the effects of subliminal threat on activation representations attachment figures. This accessibility was measured in a lexical decision task and Stroop following threat- or neutral-word primes, compared with other close persons, known but not unknown persons. Participants also reported their style. Threat primes led to increased effect specific figures replicated across tasks experiments. Attachment anxiety heightened even neutral contexts, whereas avoidance inhibited...

Five studies examined the effects of priming secure base schema on intergroup bias. In addition, Studies 1-2 dispositional attachment style, 2-5 a mood interpretation, Study 3 mediating role threat appraisal, and 4-5 while inducing to self-esteem or cultural worldview. Secure led less negative evaluative reactions toward out-groups than positive affect neutral control conditions. whereas did not depend style were explained by induction, they mediated appraisal occurred even when worldview...

In 3 studies, 352 undergraduate Israeli students were classified into secure, avoidant, and ambivalent attachment groups, their differences in traitlike measures of self-disclosure willingness flexibility disclosure reciprocity liking hypothetical or real partners assessed. Findings indicated that both secure people showed more than avoidant people. also yielded disclosed information to, felt better interacting with, attracted to a high discloser partner low partner. contrast, people's not...

Attachment theory is a powerful framework for understanding affect regulation. In this article, we examine the role played by attachment orientation in shaping emotional reactions to interpersonal transactions within close relationships. Using our recent integrative model of attachment-system activation and dynamics as guide (M. Mikulincer & P. R. Shaver, 2003), review relevant evidence, present new findings, propose hypotheses concerning how people with different styles are likely react...

This study examines the association between adult attachment style and way people reacted to Iraqi missile attack on Israel during Gulf War. One hundred forty Israeli students were interviewed 2 weeks after war classified according their (secure, avoidant, or ambivalent) residence area (dangerous vs. less dangerous). Ambivalent reported more distress than secure people. Avoidant persons higher levels of somatization, hostility, trauma-related avoidance persons. These results characterized Ss...

This study assesses psychological distress among advanced cancer patients and their spouse caregivers, while examining the relative contribution of caregiving burden relational variables (attachment orientation marital satisfaction) to depressive symptoms in caregivers.A total 101 with GI or lung caregivers were recruited for study. Measures included Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Caregiving Burden scale, Experiences Close Relationships ENRICH Marital Satisfaction scale.A 38.9%...

Five studies examined the association between adult attachment style and sense of trust in close relationships. Study 1 focused on accessibility trust-related memories. Studies 2-5 goals coping strategies, while using different data collection techniques (openended probes, diary methodology, lexical decision task). Findings showed that secure persons felt more toward partners, higher positive memories, reported episodes over a 3-week period, adopted constructive strategies with violation...

Originally, terror management theory proposed two psychological mechanisms in dealing with the of death awareness-cultural worldview validation and self-esteem enhancement. In this article, we would like to promote idea close relationships as an additional death-anxiety buffering mechanism review a growing body empirical data that support contention. Based on comprehensive analysis sociocultural personal functions relationships, formulate basic hypotheses have received series experimental...

The current study assesses the impact of attachment style on ways young adults react to stress 4-month combat training. Ninety-two Israeli recruits completed an scale at beginning Their appraisal training their coping with it, and peer evaluations leadership ability were assessed 4 months later. Compared secure persons, ambivalent persons reported more emotion-focused coping, appraised in threatening terms, themselves as less capable training, evaluated by peers fitting for military...

Five studies examined the effects of chronic and contextual activation attachment security on reactions to others' needs. The sense was contextually primed by asking participants recollect personal memories, read a story, or look at picture supportive others subliminally exposing them proximity-related words. This condition compared against priming neutral themes, positive affect, attachment-insecurity schemas. Then reports empathy distress accessibility personal-distress memories were...

The relation between attachment styles and fear of personal death was assessed. We classified a sample Israeli undergraduate students into secure, ambivalent, avoidant groups assessed the extent of, meaning attached to, overt as well at low level awareness. Ambivalent subjects exhibited stronger than did secure subjects, both ambivalent showed awareness subjects. were also more likely to loss their social identity in death, unknown nature death. Results are discussed terms effects on affect...

One hundred and twenty Israeli students were classified into secure, avoidant, anxious-ambivalent attachment groups. They completed scales that tap the construct of repressive defensiveness recalled early personal experiences anger, anxiety, sadness, happiness. Secure people reported moderate low anxiety had easy access to negative memories without being overwhelmed by spreading dominant emotional tone nondominant emotions. Anxious-ambivalent unable repress affects, high memories, could not...

The authors examined the association between excessive reassurance seeking (ERS) in couple relationships and depression, hypothesizing that this can be explained by attachment anxiety. In Study 1, 72 couples completed questionnaires about ERS, style, relationship quality. 2, 61 same measures addition to completing daily diary assessments for 14 days. both studies, ERS was related but only because of its with anxiety depression not mediated either partner's quality, even though partners...