A5007601713- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Synthesis and biological activity
- Disaster Response and Management
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- interferon and immune responses
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine
2019-2025
German Center for Infection Research
2019-2025
Google (United States)
2019
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2014-2017
Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie
2014-2017
Inserm
2014-2017
École Normale Supérieure de Lyon
2014-2017
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
2014-2017
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is creating tremendous human suffering. To date, no effective drug available to directly treat the disease. In a search for against COVID-19, we have performed high-throughput x-ray crystallographic screen of two repurposing libraries main protease (M
During Ebola virus (EBOV) infection a significant amount of surface glycoprotein GP is shed from infected cells in soluble form due to cleavage by cellular metalloprotease TACE. Shed and non-structural secreted sGP, both expressed the same gene, have been detected blood human patients experimentally animals. In this study we demonstrate that could play particular role during EBOV infection. effect it binds activates non-infected dendritic macrophages inducing secretion pro- anti-inflammatory...
IFITMs are broad antiviral factors that block incoming virions in endosomal vesicles, protecting target cells from infection. In the case of HIV-1, we and others reported existence an additional mechanism through which lead to production reduced infectivity. However, whether this second inhibition is unique HIV or extends other viruses currently unknown. To address question, have analyzed susceptibility a spectrum negative imprinting virion particles infectivity by IFITMs. The results...
Ebolaviruses cause outbreaks of haemorrhagic fever in Central and West Africa. Some members this genus such as Ebola virus (EBOV) are highly pathogenic, with case fatality rates up to 90%, whereas others Reston (RESTV) apathogenic for humans. Bombali (BOMV) is a novel ebolavirus which complete genome sequences were recently found free-tailed bats, although no infectious could be isolated. Its pathogenic potential humans unknown. To address question, we first determined whether proteins...
Filoviruses of the genus Ebolavirus include 6 species with marked differences in their ability to cause disease humans. From highly virulent Ebola virus seemingly nonpathogenic Reston virus, case fatality rates can range between 0% and 90%. In order understand molecular basis these differences, it is imperative establish models that recapitulate human as faithfully possible. Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are gold-standard for filovirus pathogenesis, but comparative studies skewed by fact...
Negative-sense RNA viruses (NSVs) rely on prepackaged viral RNA-dependent polymerases (RdRp) to replicate and transcribe their genomes. Their replication machinery consists of an RdRp bound which is wound around a nucleoprotein (NP) scaffold, forming ribonucleoprotein complex. NSV NP known regulate transcription genomic RNA; however, its role in maintaining protecting the genetic material unknown. Here, we exploited host microRNA expression target influenza A virus Sendai ascertain how this...
The endemic nature of the Ebola virus disease in Africa underscores need for prophylactic and therapeutic drugs that are affordable easy to administer. Through a phenotypic screening employing viral pseudotypes our in-house chemical library, we identified promising hit featuring thiophene scaffold, exhibiting antiviral activity micromolar range. Following up on this hit, new series compounds retain five-membered heterocyclic scaffold while modifying several substituents was synthesized....
Abstract Dendritic cells connect innate and adaptive immune responses. This is a particularly important checkpoint in the case of emerging infections against which most population does not have preexisting antibody immunity. In this study, we sought to test whether antibody-based delivery Ebola virus (EBOV) antigens dendritic could be used as vaccination strategy disease. Our approach was use antibodies targeting endocytic receptor DEC-205 present murine human cells, deliver EBOV...
The Republic of Congo (RoC) declared a chikungunya (CHIK) outbreak on 9 February 2019. We conducted ONE-Human-Animal HEALTH epidemiological, virological and entomological investigation. Methods: collected national surveillance epidemiological data. CHIK diagnosis was based RT-PCR CHIKV-specific antibodies. Full CHIKV genome sequences were obtained by Sanger MinION approaches Bayesian tree phylogenetic analysis performed. Mosquito larvae 215 adult mosquitoes in different villages Kouilou...
Lassa fever may cause severe disease in humans, particular areas of endemicity like Sierra Leone and Nigeria. Despite its public health importance, the pathophysiology humans is poorly understood. Here, we present clinical immunology data obtained field during 2018 outbreak Nigeria indicating that associated with activation T cells antigenically unrelated to virus poor virus-specific effector T-cell responses. Mechanistically, show these bystander express defined tissue homing signatures...
Ebolavirus (EBOV) has caused disease outbreaks taking thousands of lives, costing billions dollars in control efforts and threatening great ape populations. EBOV ecology is not fully understood but infected wildlife consumption animal carcasses have been linked to human outbreaks, especially the Congo Basin. Partnering with Congolese Ministry Health, we conducted mortality surveillance educational outreach northern Republic (RoC). Designed for detection alert public health authorities,...
The last seven years have seen the greatest surge of Ebola virus disease (EVD) cases in equatorial Africa, including 2013–2016 epidemic West Africa and recent epidemics Democratic Republic Congo (DRC). vaccine clinical trials that took place DRC, as well follow-up studies collaboration with EVD survivor communities, for first time allowed researchers to compare immune memory induced by natural infection vaccination. These comparisons may be relevant evaluate putative effectiveness vaccines...
Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging zoonotic paramyxovirus that causes severe disease in humans and livestock. Due to its high pathogenicity the lack of available vaccines therapeutics, NiV needs be handled biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) laboratories. Safe inactivation samples containing thus necessary allow further processing lower containment areas. To date, there only limited information on methods validated by BSL-4 facilities can used as a reference. Here, we compare some most common order...
The surface glycoprotein (GP) is responsible for Ebola virus (EBOV) attachment and membrane fusion during entry. Surface expression of highly glycosylated GP causes marked cytotoxicity via masking a wide range cellular molecules, including integrins. Considerable amounts are shed from virus-infected cells in soluble truncated form by tumor necrosis factor α–converting enzyme. In this study, the role shedding was investigated using reverse genetics approach comparing recombinant viruses...
On the 8th of May, 2018, an outbreak Ebola virus disease (EVD) was declared, originating in Bikoro region Democratic Republic Congo (DRC) near border with neighboring (ROC). Frequent trade and migration occur between DRC ROC-based communities residing along River. In June a field team deployed to determine whether Zaire ebolavirus (Ebola (EBOV)) contemporaneously circulating local bats at human-animal interface ROC EVD outbreak. Samples were collected from Cuvette Likouala departments, ROC,...
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a complex infectious characterized by high inflammation, multiorgan failure, the dysregulation of innate and adaptive immune responses, coagulation abnormalities. Evidence accumulated over last 2 decades indicates that, during fatal EVD, infection antigen-presenting cells (APC) T cell immunity preclude successful transition between immunity, which constitutes key checkpoint. In order to better understand contribution APC-T crosstalk EVD pathophysiology, we have...
Abstract The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is creating tremendous health problems and economical challenges for mankind. To date, no effective drug available to directly treat the prevent virus spreading. In a search against COVID-19, we have performed massive X-ray crystallographic screen of two repurposing libraries main protease (M pro ), which essential replication and, thus, potent target. contrast commonly applied fragment screening experiments with molecules low...
To prevent the emergence of zoonotic infectious diseases and reduce their epidemic potential, we need to understand origins in nature. Bats order Chiroptera are widely distributed worldwide natural reservoirs prominent viruses, including Nipah virus, Marburg possibly SARS-CoV-2. In this study, applied unbiased metagenomic metatranscriptomic approaches decipher virosphere frugivorous insectivorous bat species captured Guéckédou, Guinea, epicenter West African Ebola virus disease 2013–2016....
Lipid droplets (LDs) are organelles involved in lipid storage, maintenance of energy homeostasis, protein sequestration, signaling events and inter-organelle interactions. Recently, LDs have been shown to favor the replication members from different viral families, such as Flaviviridae Coronaviridae. In this work, we found that essential for Arenaviridae family. A virus-driven reduction number was observed cultures infected with Junín mammarenavirus (JUNV), caused part by action...