A central tenet of ecology and biogeography is that the broad outlines species ranges are determined by climate, whereas effects biotic interactions manifested at local scales. While first proposition supported ample evidence, second still a matter controversy. To address this question, we develop mathematical model predicts spatial overlap, i.e. co‐occurrence, between pairs subject to all possible types interactions. We then identify scale resolution in which predicted range overlaps lost....

Viable populations of species occur in a given place if three conditions are met: the environment at is suitable; able to colonize it; co‐occurrence possible despite or because interactions with other species. Studies investigating effects climate change on have mainly focused measuring changes suitability. Complex among rarely been explored such studies. We extend network theory analysis complex patterns The framework used explore robustness networks under change. With our data, we show...

The identification of key populations shaping the structure and connectivity metapopulation systems is a major challenge in population ecology. use molecular markers theoretical framework genetics has allowed great advances this field, but prime question quantifying role each system remains unresolved. Furthermore, interpretation classical methods are still bounded by need for priori information underlying assumptions that seldom respected natural systems. Network theory was applied to map...

We suggest a method for embedding scale-free networks, with degree distribution $P(k)\ensuremath{\sim}{k}^{\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\lambda}}$, in regular Euclidean lattices accounting geographical properties. The is driven by natural constraint of minimization the total length links system. find that all networks $\ensuremath{\lambda}>2$ can be successfully embedded up to (Euclidean) distance $\ensuremath{\xi}$ which made as large desired upon changing an external parameter. Clusters...

Defining biogeographic provinces to understand the history and evolution of communities associated with a given kind ecosystem is challenging usually requires priori assumptions be made. We applied network theory, holistic exploratory method, most complete database faunal distribution available on oceanic hydrothermal vents, environments which support fragmented unstable ecosystems, infer processes driving their worldwide biogeography. Besides identification robust provinces, topology...

Biodiversity can increase in both high‐ and low‐connected landscapes. However, we lack predictions related to biodiversity dynamics when accounting for the temporal heterogeneity connections among habitats of a landscape. Here, study relationship between fluctuations landscape connectivity at local regional scales. We contrast about species richness landscapes with without connectivity. Our results show that (α) ( γ ) together dynamic characterized by periodic connectivity, clarifying...

Clonal reproduction characterizes a wide range of species including clonal plants in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, microbes such as bacteria parasitic protozoa, with key role human health ecosystem processes. organisms present particular challenge population genetics because, addition to the possible existence replicates same genotype given sample, some hypotheses concepts underlying classical models are irreconcilable clonality. The genetic structure diversity populations were...

Abstract Inferring biotic interactions from species co-occurrence patterns has long intrigued ecologists. Yet recent research revealed that co-occurrences may not reliably represent pairwise interactions. We propose examining network-level can provide valuable insights into community structure and assembly. Analysing ten bipartite networks of empirically sampled associated spatial distribution, we find approximately 20% correspond to actual Moreover, the degree distribution shifts...

Obstacle avoidance is one of the most relevant problems in mobile robotics field. The solution this problem allows successful trajectory generation, detecting and avoiding those regions where a path unable due to presence obstacles. purpose paper application potential fields method for obstacles using mechanical scanning sonar device an autonomous underwater vehicle. Particular sonar's features are used instantiate proposed method. Different tests simulated environment provided preliminary...

This article describes the core algorithms of perception system to be included within an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). is based on acoustic data acquired from side scan sonar (SSS). These should processed in efficient time, so that able detect and recognize a predefined target. detection recognition outcome therefore important piece knowledge for AUVs dynamic mission planner (DMP). Effectively, DMP propose different trajectories, navigation depths other parameters will change robot's...

This paper details the development aspects of a low cost AUV autonomous, designed for autonomous pipline inspections, describing: hardware, software and control aspects. The article three mains stages project, that have been already achieved: (a) simulation results Lyapunov based path planning torpedo shaped on pipe searching; (b) construction dual pipeline inspection (c) experimental when using prototype in following line sight (LOS) algorithm.

The design considerations of a low-cost adaptation an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) devoted to pipeline and cable inspections is presented in this article. Periodic surveys are need the preventive maintenance submarine infrastructure off-shore industries. advantages doing them with AUVs instead remote operated vehicles or towed unmanned devices low costs better data quality inspection missions. Through European Project funds (AUVI), construction prototype for depths 100 m AUV was...

This paper addresses the problem of coordinated path following whereby multiple underactuated marine crafts are required to follow a prescribed paths while keeping desired inter-vehicle formation pattern. We show how Lyapunov- based techniques and graph theory can be brought together yield decentralized control structure where dynamics cooperating vehicles constraints imposed by topology communications network explicitly taken into account. Path for each vehicle consists converging geometric...

It is shown that a system of smart preys and predators exhibits irreversible phase transitions between regime prey-predator coexistence an state where predator extinction observed. Within the regime, transition densities species remain constant another with self-sustained oscillations, respectively. This located by means combined treatment involving finite-size scaling Fourier transforms. Furthermore, it can be rationalized in terms standard percolation theory. The existence oscillatory...

This paper details a control method, used to guide an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in the task of locating and tracking pipeline cables. The article simulation experimental results navigation when searching for simulated pipes on seabed shallow waters. Sonar based detection starts by acquisition sonar image further realtime processing distinguish pipe from seabed. Depending success AI dynamic path planner must decide next actions: search or track process. Pipeline involves series zig...

Accurate identification of aquatic organisms and their numerical abundance calculation using echo detection techniques remains a great challenge for marine researchers. A software architecture data processing is presented in this article. Within it, it discussed how to obtain energetic, morphometric bathymetric fish school descriptors accurately identify different fish-species. To accomplish task was necessary have development platform that allowed reading from particular echosounder, detect...