This article presents the waveform retracking technique for two predominant classes near coast: quasi-specular and multi-peak echoes. The retracks truncated sub-waveform rather than full-waveform. Sub-waveforms, which are only based on returns reflected from water surface, extracted retracked using Brown model. retracker is applied to simulated waveforms Jason-1 Jason-2 in Great Barrier Reef. When it as a supplement full-waveform retracker, results show that SSHs can be extended further...

Spatial information on benthic habitats in Wangiwangi island waters, Wakatobi District, Indonesia was very limited recent years. However, this area is one of the marine tourism destinations and Indonesia’s triangle coral reef regions with a complex ecosystem. The drone technology that has rapidly developed decade, can be used to map area. This study aimed shallow-water using region Indonesia. field data were collected 50 × cm squared transect 434 observation points March–April 2017. DJI...

The most devastating flood event in Kota Bharu was recorded December 2014, which affected several properties worth millions of dollars and thousands homes. Damage to physical properties, especially buildings, is identified as a significant contributor disasters Malaysia. Therefore, it essential address vulnerability by developing an integrated approach for modeling buildings’ decrease the consequences. This study aims at assessment using indicator-based model (IBM) individual buildings...

This paper presents the Coastal Altimetry Waveform Retracking Expert System (CAWRES), a novel method to optimise Jason satellite altimetric sea levels from multiple retracking solutions. CAWRES’ aim is achieve highest possible accuracy of coastal levels, thus bringing measurement radar altimetry data closer coast. The principles CAWRES are twofold. first reprocess altimeter waveforms using optimal retracker, which sought based on analysis fuzzy expert system. second minimise relative offset...

A new approach for improving the accuracy of altimetry-derived sea level anomalies (SLAs) near coast is presented. Estimation SLAs optimized using optimal waveform retracking through a fuzzy multiple system and most appropriate detiding method. With system, fuzzy-retracked become available within 5 km coast; meanwhile it becomes more important to use pointwise tide modelling rather than state-of-the-art global tidal models, as latter leave residual ocean signals in retracked SLAs. These...

This paper presents the latest finding on validation of novel Coastal Altimetry Waveform Retracking Expert System (CAWRES) that was previously developed for optimizing sea level anomaly (SLA) over coastal oceans. The work is meant continuation our previous works have been successfully tested at two sites in Australia and United States. To further examine potential CAWRES being applied to region elsewhere, we extend largest archipelago Southeast Asia regions where complicated topographies are...

This paper presents the assessment of altimetric data from Sentinel-3A satellite operating in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) mode for sea level research studies and applications over largest archipelagos at Southeast Asia. Both qualitative quantitative assessments are conducted by analysing physical shapes waveforms, comparing with quasi-independent geoidal height independent tide gauge measurements. The results identified percentage ocean like non-ocean waveforms 91% 9%, respectively. Off...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce a geospatial approach for buildings flood vulnerability assessment using an indicator-based method (IBM) support risk and mapping physical elements at in Kota Bharu District, Kelantan, Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach study developed undertake buildings. takes into consideration hazard intensity, building characteristics structures surrounding the environment as factors that influence vulnerability. aggregation total index carried out...

This paper presents a robust approach for shoreline detection using the K-Means clustering and Digital Shoreline Analysis System developed by United States Geological Survey. The changes along Johor Straits of Malaysia are assessed multi-temporal Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar images from 2018 to 2022. area is known be important both socioeconomic activities. retrieved shorelines found reliable with good accuracy 1.4 m when validating against Global Positioning rapid static survey....

This paper improves the accuracy of altimeter-derived sea level anomalies (SLAs) near coast through an iterative waveform retracking system. The principle this system is twofold. First to reprocess altimeter waveforms using optimal retracker, which searched base on analysis from a fuzzy expert Second minimize relative offset in retrieved SLAs when switching one retracker another, neural network. reprocesses 20-Hz Jason-2/OSTM Great Barrier Reef, Australia. When compare with tide gauge data...

In oil palm management, age is one of the yield determinant factors. The conventional field investigations are often exhaustive and costly methods when implemented on a large scale. Despite much attention to classify individual ages by using various remote sensing images, none studies depicted satisfying overall accuracies. aim this study was optimize window size number texture measurements for classification. conducted in commercial plantation comprised palms multiple planted from 1991...

Comparison of Jason-1 altimetry retracked sea levels and high frequency (HF) radar velocity is examined within the region Great Barrier Reef, Australia. The comparison between both datasets not direct because derives only geostrophic component, while HF includes information on ageostrophic components, such as tides winds. data performed based parameter surface inferred from datasets. results show that 48% (10 out 21 cases) have (≥0.5) spatial correlation. mean correlation for all cases 0.43....

The accuracy of sea surface heights (SSHs) estimation from satellite altimeters is strongly influenced by the microwave reflected signals (or waveforms). Waveforms in open oceans generally have ideal shapes following Brown (1977) model. However, coastal and shallow waters, are disturbed lands, thus resulting complicated waveforms (non-Brown). Non-Brown produce inaccurate SSH estimations; therefore, specialized protocols such as waveform classification retracking crucial when attempting to...

This paper presents the validation of Coastal Altimetry Waveform Retracking Expert System (CAWRES), a novel method to optimize Jason satellite altimetric sea levels from multiple retracking solutions. The is conducted over region Prince William Sound in Alaska, USA, where waveforms are perturbed by emerged land and states. Validation performed twofold. First, comparison with existing retrackers (i.e. MLE4 Ice) Sensor Geophysical Data Records (SGDR), second, in-situ tide gauge data. From...

This paper presents the usage of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach in analysing effects Building Information (BIM) technology adoption improving reliability cost estimates. Based on questionnaire survey results, SEM analysis using SPSS-AMOS application examined relationships between BIM-improved information and estimates factors, leading to BIM adoption. Six hypotheses were established prior employing two types models, namely Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) model full...

The current trends of floods event in many countries are alarming. Hence, managing flood and the associated risk crucial order to reduce loss be well prepared for combined impact urbanization climate changes. best approach manage activities is a risk-based approach, where vulnerability elements at reduced minimum. There significant number studies that use an indicator-based assessment with focus on macro-scale. However, this paper assesses physical buildings micro-scale using method Kota...