Debris flows, consisting of water–sediment mixtures that travel rapidly along channels, often carry materials ranging from fine sediments, such as clay or silt, to large boulders, resulting in significant impacts on lives and infrastructure. Accurate estimation the debris-flow behavior is crucial for establishing effective mitigation strategies. However, dynamic entrainment process complicates simulations because it significantly affects flow characteristics, including velocity, depth,...

ABSTRACT: The Hydrologic Simulation Program‐Fortran (HSPF) was calibrated and used to assess the future effects of various land development scenarios on water quality in Polecat Creek watershed Caroline County, Virginia. Model parameters related hydrology were validated using observed stream flow data collected at outlet outlets two sub sheds. Using county's Comprehensive Plan, use developed by taking into account trends spatial distributions development. simulation results for indicate that...

Abstract While the world is facing unprecedented transitions and threats we need to deeply rethink relationships between water energy use, food production, ecosystem protection. This includes development deployment of ambitious, out‐of‐the‐box solutions towards sustainable development. paper based upon recent discussions before during 2nd World Irrigation Forum in Chiang Mai, Thailand. takes stock current knowledge analyses most trends water, irrigation environment. It discusses requirements...

Geospatial information of small mangrove islands in the Philippines is usually lacking. Such vital to monitor cover change and craft plans for their sustainable management. This study was conducted provide some land use about Banacon Island Bohol province. The island renowned its vast plantations, community-initiated reforestation, double reef system. To determine different forest uses therein, employed a maximum likelihood classification method using two Landsat images periods. Results...

Land cover change is a major environmental concern in the northwestern highlands of Ethiopia. This study detected land transitions over past 30 years Chemoga basin (total area = 118,359 ha). maps were generated via supervised classification Landsat images with help Google Earth (GE) images. A total 218 unchanged features sampled from GE used as training datasets. Classification accuracy was evaluated by comparing classified 165 field observations during 2017 visit. The overall 85.4% and...

The water retention capacity of forest leaf litter was estimated through lysimeter measurements under field conditions. Six lysimeters were placed in Pinus koraiensis and Quercus acutissima forests filled with the surrounding to represent effects type on capacity. Two years for rainfall weight have been conducted all at 30 min intervals. Field showed that P. stored more during periods than did Q. litter. As a result, immediately after cessation rainfall, 1.82 mm 3.00 retained per unit mass...

Abstract A watershed model can be used to better understand the relationship between land use activities and hydrologic/water quality processes that occur within a watershed. The physically based, distributed parameter (SWAT) conceptual, lumped (HSPF), were selected their performance compared in simulating runoff sediment yields from Polecat Creek Virginia, which is 12,048 ha size. monitoring project was conducted during period of October 1994 June 2000. observed data (stream flow yield)...

Floor litter can reduce the amount of water reaching soil layer through rainfall interception. The interception capacity floor varies with physical features and characteristics. This study aimed to define maximum minimum storages (Cmx, Cmn) layers using simulation experiments, examine effects type characteristics on retention drainage processes that occur in layer. Different types needle-leaf broadleaf litters were used: Abies holophylla, Pinus strobus, rigida, Quercus acutissima,...

Abstract The fate and transport of fecal coliform bacteria in the urbanizing Polecat Creek watershed, located Virginia, was simulated using Hydrological Simulation Program—FORTRAN (HSPF). Both point nonpoint sources were included simulation. Hydrologic water quality parameters HSPF calibrated validated observed data collected from October 1994 to June 2000 at three monitoring stations. percent errors total runoff volumes between values ranged 0.4 4.2% for calibration period, 6.7% validation...

Forests are well known to control soil erosion and severe flooding. In the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea), deforestation was estimated at 20% between 1997 2014. This decline mainly reflective improper land use practices on steep slopes. Intensive inappropriate management can lead erosion. The objective this study describe regional severity in North using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model coupled with a GIS technique. is widely being used assess potential...

In South Korea, logs for low-value products, such as pulpwood and fuelwood, are primarily extracted from harvest sites transported to roadside or landing areas using small shovels. Previous studies on log extraction, however, have focused cable yarding operations with the goal of improving productivity steep slopes inaccessible sites, leaving small-shovel relatively unexamined. Therefore, main objectives were determine extraction costs evaluate impact related variables productivity....

Forest fires can have a direct and immediate impact on soil properties, particularly water repellency. This study investigated the impacts of Gangneung forest fire 2019 properties spatial variability repellency with vegetation burn severity in Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora Siebold Zucc) South Korea. A total 36 samples were collected at depth intervals 0–5 cm, 10–15 20–25 cm from three burned sites, representing surface-fuel consumption (SC), foliage necrosis (FN), crown-fuel (CC),...

Using the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) curve number (CN) procedure for estimating runoff volume on an ungauged forest watershed remains controversial because little guidance has been provided defining appropriate CN values. In this study, alternative methods assigning values (CNs) were assessed to determine whether these provide acceptable estimates of forested watersheds. The estimated CNs varied between employed, showing highest when derived from a probabilistic method and lowest...