Design of a compact wideband circularly polarized (CP) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with polarization diversity is proposed and characterized for off-body communication. The based on simple coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed monopole extension the microstrip line. orthogonal field components required by CP are induced using simply modified right/left side ground plane. In particular, stub extending from plane along length line generates vertical component, whereas current width...

This letter presents the design of a single point-fed, geometrically simple circularly polarized (CP) antenna for 28 GHz Ka-band applications. The proposed is based on straight microstrip line printed one side and coupled with nearly square patches through 45° inclined V-shaped slot aperture other side. In order to generate circular polarization, fundamental radiating mode degenerated at slightly different frequency by aligning patch edges parallel each arm V-slot orthogonal arms....

This letter presents a novel and simple feeding technique for exciting orthogonal components in wide-slot antenna. In this technique, rectangular bracket-shape parasitic strip is placed at the open end of straight microstrip line to excite fundamental horizontal vertical circular polarization (CP). The proposed technique-when employed conjunction with asymmetrical geometry coplanar waveguide protruded stub from ground plane-permits maintaining axial ratio (AR) below 3 dB within wide range...

This letter presents a geometrically simple and compact circularly polarized antenna with unidirectional radiation characteristics for off-body communications. The proposed is based on microstrip-line monopole extension from coplanar waveguide protruded stub one side of the ground plane along length monopole. orthogonal components equal amplitudes required circular polarization are induced using vertical horizontal edge plane. To control towards human body, flexible, high-permittivity...

In this article, a four-element circularly polarized series-slot-fed multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array with circular polarization (CP) diversity is presented. The proposed design utilizes combination of 45° inclined slots and straight microstrip line feeding technique. two antennas are designed to operate the opposite sense CP. CP achieved by placing patch just about square dimensions on top V-slot orthogonal but unequal arms. arm slot degenerates fundamental mode at...

A compact broadband wide-slot circular polarization (CP) antenna is proposed. An inverted L-shaped parasitic strip at the open end of a microstrip line extension and slot modification applied to attain wideband CP. The advantage this technique simplicity, which makes it readily redesignable for different frequency bands. To demonstrate concept, three designs working frequencies are obtained. redesign procedure straightforward only requires recalculation selected physical dimensions followed...

Design of compact wideband circularly polarized (CP) antennas is challenging due to the necessity simultaneous handling several characteristics [reflection, axial ratio (AR), and gain] while maintaining a small size structure. Antenna redesign for various operating bands clearly more difficult yet practically important because intentional reduction bandwidth (e.g., by moving lower edge band up in frequency) may lead considerable reduction, which can be beneficial specific application areas....

Full-wave electromagnetic (EM) analysis is one of the most important tools in design modern microwave components and systems. EM simulation permits reliable evaluation circuits at presence cross-coupling effects or substrate anisotropy, as well for accounting interactions with immediate environment. However, repetitive analyses required by EM-driven procedures, such parametric optimization statistical analysis, may entail considerable computational expenditures, often prohibitive. Tackling...

Electromagnetic (EM) simulation tools have become indispensable in the design of contemporary antennas. Still, major setback EM-driven is associated computational overhead. This because a single full-wave may take from dozens seconds up to several hours, thus, cost solving tasks that involve multiple EM analyses turn unmanageable. where faster system representations (surrogates) come into play. Replacing expensive EM-based evaluations by cheap yet accurate metamodels seems be an attractive...

This study examines the relationship between Pakistan's economic growth and investments in human capital. It investigates how spending on capital significantly affects expansion. The education health sectors are two main areas where money is spent Federal provincial governments also track total amount sectors. At federal level, GDP a stand-in for growth, whereas per capita income employed at level. empirical association underlying variables has been estimated using time series data spanning...

Abstract This paper presents the design of a circularly polarized millimeter-wave (mm-wave) metasurface (MTS) antenna. The Characteristics Modes Analysis (CMA) is employed to examine various modes within unit-cell proposed metasurface. Based on thorough analysis, two orthogonal TM with broadside radiation pattern were identified. These then simultaneously excited single substrate using simple coplanar waveguide (CPW) magnetic dipoles resulting in circular polarization (CP). Further, it has...

In this communication, a novel excitation technique for the design of single-point-fed compact low-profile wide-slot antennas with broadband circular polarization (CP) and wide 3 dB axial ratio (AR) beamwidth is presented. Two inverted L-shaped parasitic strips placed coplanar to microstrip line an asymmetric waveguide (CPW) horizontal strip that protrudes from vertical edge backside ground plane substrate are used CP excitation. The overall footprint structure only L <sub...

In this paper, a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna featuring circular polarization diversity, and designed on common coplanar ground is presented. The proposed design utilizes waveguide (CPW) feeding technique with three parallel planes, two feedlines in-between. For (CP), quasi-loops are created by etching slots the outermost planes. With configuration, diversity induced in MIMO left-hand CP (LHCP) from one right-hand (RHCP) other. total footprint of radiator only 0.78λ <sub...

A wideband hybrid dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) consisting of a rectangular slot patch and perforated stacked cylindrical (DR) is proposed. was etched on the grounding side microwave laminate (ϵ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> = 3.38) to excite at high frequency. The DR used consists three different layers permittivity, in which air-cavity introduced internally form structure. With proper stacking arrangement DRs top...

The use of microstrip patch configuration in the 5th generation (5G) wireless network is expected to fulfill demands smartphone users by significantly increasing capacity communication technology. main objective this paper report development a mathematical model on effects conductor thickness center frequency for performance low profile, cost-effective antenna application 5G devices. This proposed an system incorporated with air substrate occupying 5.43 × 4.54 0.5 mm3 volume which resonated...

This paper presents a novel structure of compact circularly polarized (CP) antenna. CP is obtained using parasitic quasi-rectangular strip placed coplanar to the feedline. A ground plane perturbation combined with asymmetric geometry waveguide planes utilized excite additional modes. All antenna dimensions are rigorously optimized achieve best possible performance in terms impedance and axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW). The size proposed only 24.7 × 25 mm2. validated experimentally. close...

Practical microwave design is most often carried out in the nominal sense. Yet, some cases, performance degradation due to uncertainties may lead system failing meet prescribed specifications. Reliable uncertainty quantification (UQ) is, therefore, important yet intricate from numerical standpoint, especially when circuit at hand be evaluated using electromagnetic (EM) simulation tools. Tolerance-aware (e.g., yield improvement) even more challenging. This article introduces a methodology for...

The deployment of the millimeter (mmWave) frequency spectrum by fifth-generation (5G) device-to-device (D2D) wireless networks is anticipated to meet growing demands for increased capacity. antenna regarded as an important determinant that guarantees maximum performance communication. This paper presents a low-profile magneto-electric (ME) dipole 5G mmWave D2D A single-element quasi-loop radiator was designed excite horizontal polarization, and coaxial probe used produce vertical...

In this paper, spatial and polarization diversities are simultaneously implemented in an ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna to reduce the correlation between parallel-placed radiators. The keystone of is systematically modified coplanar ground planes that enable excitation circular (CP). To realize one sense as well operation, extended rectangular slot etched on left-hand-side waveguide (CPW) feed. This combined with asymmetrical plane geometry right-hand-side...