A bstract The elastic scattering of an atomic nucleus plays a central role in dark matter direct detection experiments. In those experiments, it is usually assumed that the electrons around target material immediately follow motion recoil nucleus. reality, however, takes some time for to catch up, which results ionization and excitation atoms. previous studies, effects are taken into account by using so-called Migdal’s approach, final state ionization/excitation treated separately from...

We revisit the decay rate of electroweak vacuum in standard model with full one-loop prefactor. focus on gauge degrees freedom and derive degeneracy factors appearing functional determinant using group theoretical arguments. Our treatment shows that transverse modes were previously overcounted, so we revise calculation part The new result modifies fields’ contribution by 6% slightly decreases predicted lifetime vacuum, which remains much longer than age Universe. discussion mode applies to...

The decay rate of the electroweak (EW) vacuum is calculated in framework standard model (SM) particle physics, using recent progress understanding metastable gauge theories. We give a manifestly gauge-invariant expression rate. also perform detailed numerical calculation With best-fit values SM parameters, we find that EW per unit volume about 10−554 Gyr−1 Gpc−3; with uncertainty top mass, estimated as 10−284–10−1371 Gpc−3.Received 9 August...

We perform a precise calculation of the decay rate electroweak vacuum in standard model as well models beyond model. use recently-developed technique to calculate false vacuum, which provides gauge invariant at one-loop level. give prescription take into account zero modes association with translational, dilatational, and symmetries. per unit volume, $\gamma$, by using an analytic formula. The is estimated be $\log_{10}\gamma\times{\rm Gyr~Gpc^3} =...

We propose a radiative seesaw model based on modular $A_4$ symmetry, which has good predictability in the lepton sector. execute numerical analysis to search for parameters that satisfy experimental constraints such as those from neutrino oscillation data and flavor violations. Then, we present several predictions our originate symmetry at fixed point well fundamental region of $\tau$.

A bstract We consider a single real scalar field in flat spacetime with polynomial potential up to ϕ 4 , that has local minimum, the false vacuum, and deeper global true vacuum. When vacua are almost degenerate we thin wall regime, while as their difference energy increases, approach thick regime. give explicit simple formulae for decay rate of vacuum 3 dimensions. Our results include careful treatment both bounce action, which enters at exponent rate, functional determinant one loop,...

We study the gauge invariance of decay rate false vacuum for model in which scalar field responsible has quantum number. In order to calculate rate, one should integrate out fluctuations around classical path connecting and true vacua (i.e., so-called bounce). Concentrating on case where symmetry is broken vacuum, we show a systematic way perform such an integration present manifestly gauge-invariant formula vacuum.

Based on the gradient flow, we propose a new method to determine bounce configuration for false vacuum decay. Our is applicable large class of models with multiple fields. Since saddle point an action, naive flow which minimizes action does not work. We out that simple modification equation can make its stable fixed while unstable one. Consequently, be obtained simply by following without careful choice initial configuration. With numerical analysis, confirm validity our claim, checking...

Abstract The Migdal effect is attracting interest because of the potential to enhance sensitivities direct dark matter searches low-mass region. In spite its great importance, has not been experimentally observed yet. A realistic experimental approach towards first observation in neutron scattering was studied with Monte Carlo simulations. this study, background rate together event by a source. It found that table-top-sized $\sim (30~\mbox{cm})^3$ position-sensitive gaseous detector filled...

We investigate the maximum value of spin-independent cross section (σSI) in a dark matter (DM) model called two-Higgs doublet + (2HDM+a). This can explain measured DM energy density by freeze-out mechanism. Also, σSI is suppressed momentum transfer at tree level, and loop diagrams give leading contribution to it. The prediction highly depends on values c1 c2 that are quartic couplings between gauge singlet CP-odd state (a0) Higgs fields (H1 H2), $$ {c}_1{a}_0^2{H}_1^{\dagger...

A bstract The decay rate of a false vacuum is studied in gauge theory, paying particular attention to its invariance. Although the should not depend on parameter ξ according Nielsen identity, invariance result perturbative calculation has been clearly shown. We give prescription perform one-loop rate, with which manifestly gauge-invariant expression obtained. also discuss renormalization necessary make finite, and show that independent even after renormalization.

Semiconductor based searches for dark matter are a promising route to look low-mass (sub-GeV) particles, but they present challenges due their sensitivity. This article analyzes the background from radiogenic photons, which can leave phonon signal in detector. The authors find this is significant effect, will require active veto strategies ameliorate.

We explore the effects of Higgs mixing in general next-to-minimal supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM). Extended to include a gauge singlet, sector can naturally explain observed boson mass TeV scale supersymmetry without invoking large stop mixing. This is particularly case when singlet scalar light so that singlet-doublet increases SM-like boson. In such has interesting implications following from fact higgsino parameter and coupling bilinear crucially depend on masses angles. For...

We study radiative corrections to the decay rate of false vacua, paying particular attention renormalization-scale dependence rate. The exponentially depends on bounce action. action itself is dependent. To make scale-independent, corrections, which are due field fluctuations around bounce, have be included. show quantitatively that inclusion suppresses scale dependence, and hence important for precise calculation also apply our analysis a supersymmetric model Higgs-stau system with charge...

In this paper, we investigate the finiteness of Higgs effective potential in an ${\rm SU}(\mathcal N)$ Gauge-Higgs Unification (GHU) model defined on ${\bf M}^4\times S^1$. We obtain at two-loop level and find that it is finite. also discuss generically divergent for three- or higher-loop levels. As example, consider gauge theory M}^5\times S^1$, where one-loop corrections to four-Fermi operators are divergent. depends their counter terms three-loop level.

A bstract We discuss new mechanisms to stop the relaxion field during inflation. They can be realized in a generic model, including original model but quite different parameter region. consider fast-rolling field, which go over bumps created by QCD-like dynamics. Then, one of mechanisms, we it with parametric resonance Higgs field. The are free from super-Planckian excursion or gigantic number e -folds has mass around weak scale and mixes boson, enhances testability our mechanisms.

Abstract We use the anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence to find least bounce action in an AdS false vacuum state, i.e. most probable decay process of metastable within Euclidean formalism by Callan and Coleman. It was shown that O(4) symmetric solution leads minimum absence gravity, but it is nontrivial presence gravity. The AdS/CFT duality used evade difficulties particular a gravitational system. To this end, we show Fubini CFT, corresponding Coleman–de Luccia...

We consider a single real scalar field in flat spacetime with polynomial potential up to $\phi^4$, that has local minimum, the false vacuum, and deeper global true vacuum. When vacua are almost degenerate we thin wall regime, while as their difference energy increases, approach thick regime. give explicit simple formulae for decay rate of vacuum 3 4 dimensions. Our results include careful treatment both bounce action, which enters at exponent rate, functional determinant one loop, determines...

Low-energy Compton scattering is an important background for sub-GeV dark matter direct-detection and other experiments. Current calculations typically rely on assumptions that are not valid in the low-energy region of interest, beneath <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><a:mrow><a:mo>∼</a:mo><a:mn>50</a:mn><a:mtext> </a:mtext><a:mtext> </a:mtext><a:mi>eV</a:mi></a:mrow></a:math>. Here we relate differential cross section to dielectric response material....

A bstract We study the decay rate of a false vacuum in gauge theory at one-loop level. pay particular attention to case where bounce consists an arbitrary number scalar fields. With multi-field bounce, which has curved trajectory field space, mixing among fields and evolves along path space calculation becomes complicated. consider contribution with choice parameter, obtain invariant expression rate. also give proper treatments zero modes renormalization.

We derive an upper bound on the smuon mass assuming that muon $g-2$ anomaly is explained by supersymmetric (SUSY) contribution. In minimal SUSY standard model, contribution to enhanced when Higgsino parameter large. Then, smuon-smuon-Higgs trilinear coupling enhanced, which may destabilize electroweak vacuum. calculate precisely decay rate of vacuum in such a case. include one-loop effects are crucial determine overall normalization rate. Requiring theoretical prediction anomalous magnetic...

We propose a simple radiative neutrino mass scenario with Dirac dark matter candidate, which is minimally realized by Z3 symmetry. introduce two neutrinos and inert doublets. demonstrate that the model has large allowed region satisfies constraints from oscillation data, lepton flavor violations, direct/indirect detection of relic density. also an efficient parameterization Yukawa couplings, reproduces desired active matrix.