A5022346332- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Infant Nutrition and Health
Emory University
2025
Baylor College of Medicine
2020-2022
University of Washington
2016-2022
Seattle University
2021
Objectives We evaluated the relationship of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and genital during pregnancy subsequent risk for infant mortality stillbirth. Methods This was a nested longitudinal analysis using data from study peripartum HIV acquisition in Kenya. In parent study, HIV-uninfected women were enrolled followed until 9 months postpartum. For this analysis, who tested positive at any point, had non-singleton or spontaneous abortion <20 weeks excluded. At enrolment,...
Abstract Background Tuberculosis disease (TB) caused 214,000 pediatric deaths in 2022. A growing body of evidence suggests that HIV exposed uninfected infants (iHEU) are at increased risk for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Harnessing the power maternal immune system to protect has shown promise other infections. Yet no well powered study evaluated association between mycobacterial-specific T cell memory and infant protection from Mtb To address this knowledge gap, we examined...
The major human genes regulating
The immunologic correlates of risk Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection after BCG vaccination are unknown. mechanism by which influences the tuberculin skin test (TST) remains poorly understood. We evaluated CD4+ T-cell responses in infants exposed to HIV and uninfected (HEU) who received at birth examined their role susceptibility Mtb influence on TST induration.HEU were enrolled a randomised clinical trial isoniazid (INH) prevent Kenya. measured mycobacterial antigen-specific Th1...
Introduction HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants in tuberculosis (TB) endemic settings are at high risk of Mycobacterium (Mtb) infection and TB disease, even the absence known Mtb exposure. Because infancy is a time rapid progression from primary to active it important define when how preventive interventions exert their effect order develop effective prevention strategies this high-risk population. Methods analysis We designed non-blinded randomised controlled trial determine efficacy...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants in endemic settings are at high risk of tuberculosis (TB). For infants, progression from primary Mycobacterium (Mtb) infection to TB disease can be rapid. We assessed whether isoniazid (INH) prevents Mtb infection.
Abstract Background People living with HIV (PLHIV) who reside in high tuberculosis burden settings remain at risk for disease despite treatment anti-retroviral therapy and isoniazid preventive (IPT). The performance of the World Health Organization (WHO) symptom screen PLHIV receiving is sub-optimal alternative screening strategies are needed. Methods We enrolled HIV-positive adults into a prospective study western Kenya. Individuals were IPT-naïve or had completed IPT > 6 months prior to...
Background: HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants have increased risk of tuberculosis (TB). Testing for Mycobacterium (Mtb) infection is limited by reduced Quantiferon (QFT) sensitivity in and tuberculin skin test (TST) cross-reactivity with Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine. Our objective to assess if non-IFNγ cytokine responses Mtb-specific antigens improved detecting Mtb HEU compared QFT. Methods: were enrolled a randomized clinical trial isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) prevent Kenya (N...
Abstract Cumulative 24-month Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection incidence (measured primarily by tuberculin skin test [TST]) was high among human immunodeficiency virus exposed but uninfected infants (8.7 [95% confidence interval, 6.3–11.9] per 100 person-years). Trend for decreased TST positivity at trial end (12 months postenrollment) randomized to isoniazid 6 weeks of age not sustained through observational follow-up 24 age. Clinical Trials Registration NCT02613169.
Abstract Rationale The major human genes regulating M. tuberculosis (Mtb)-induced immune responses and (TB) susceptibility are poorly understood. Although IL-12 IL-10 critical for TB pathogenesis, the genetic factors that regulate their expression unknown. CNBP, REL, BHLHE40 master regulators of signaling. Objectives To determine whether common variation in REL is associated with expression, adaptive to mycobacteria, TB. Methods Main Measurements We characterized association between variants...
Welcome to Annals of Global Health,Annals Health is a peer-reviewed, fully open access, online journal dedicated publishing high quality articles all aspects global health. The journal's mission advance health, promote research, and foster the prevention treatment disease worldwide. Its goals are improve health well-being people, equity, wise stewardship earth's environment. latest impact factor 3.64.Annals supported by Program for Public Common Good at Boston College. It was founded in 1934...
Abstract Objective Breast milk (BM) is a mucosal compartment containing T cells, however, little known regarding BM T-cell functional capacity or role in infant immunity. We hypothesized that cells have M. tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific Th1 responses are compartment-specific and differ from peripheral blood (PB) responses. Methods HIV-infected mothers their infants were enrolled randomized clinical trial of isoniazid to prevent Mtb infection Kisumu, Kenya. Maternal PB collected at 6–10 weeks...