A5023714295- Polar Research and Ecology
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Climate change and permafrost
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- scientometrics and bibliometrics research
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Climate change impacts on agriculture
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Doctoral Education Challenges and Solutions
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal
- Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques
- Transportation Planning and Optimization
- Neural Networks and Applications
- Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
- Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Geographic Information Systems Studies
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Delphi Technique in Research
- Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
University of Sheffield
2009-2019
Abstract Glacier surfaces support unique microbial food webs dominated by organic and inorganic debris called ‘cryoconite’. Observations from Longyearbreen, Spitsbergen, show how these aggregate particles can develop an internal structure following the cementation of mineral grains (mostly quartz dolomite) filamentous microorganisms. Measurements carbon dissolved O 2 that microorganisms, mostly cyanobacteria, promote significant rates photosynthesis (average 17 μgC g −1 d ) which assist...
Abstract A cryoconite granule is a biologically active aggregation of microorganisms, mineral particles and organic matter found on glacier surfaces, often within shallow pools or holes. Observations the microstructure range granules from locations in Svalbard Greenland reveal their structure composition. Whereas bulk analyses show that mineralogy geochemistry these are broadly similar, microstructure, using optical, epifluorescence confocal microscopy, indicate differences location quantity...
Abstract This paper presents an assessment of biological activity associated with ice surface debris (cryoconite) at the ice-sheet scale. Estimates mass distribution cryoconite over Greenland sheet (GIS) and it are presented then coupled a mass-balance model to estimate total carbon fluxes due respiration photosynthesis. We find average loading 66gm −2 Kangerlussuaq, southwest Greenland, which compares well recent estimates from Kronprins Christians Land (17–440 gm : Bøggild others, 2010) in...
Summary Uncertainty surrounds estimates of microbial cell and organic detritus fluxes from glacier surfaces. Here, we present the first enumeration biological particles draining a supraglacial catchment, on M idtre L ovénbreen ( S valbard) over 36 days. A stream flux 1.08 × 10 7 cells m −2 h −1 was found, with strong inverse, non‐linear associations between water discharge particle concentrations. Over study period, significant decrease in cell‐like exhibiting 530 nm autofluorescence noted....
Soils are crucial in regulating ecosystem processes, such as nutrient cycling, and supporting plant growth. To a large extent, these functions carried out by highly diverse dynamic soil microbiomes that turn governed numerous environmental factors including weathering profile vegetation. In this study, we investigate geophysical vegetation effects on the microbial communities of iron-rich lateritic soils weathered landscapes Western Australia (WA). The study site was hillslope southwestern...
Flood prevention in mixed urban–rural environments has become a greater concern due to climate change. It is complex task requiring both efficient management of resources and the involvement multiple stakeholders from diverse backgrounds. As Serious Games (games used for purposes other than mere entertainment) have emerged as an effective means engaging stakeholders, this work proposes new Game applied flood mitigation village Millbrook UK. Results show that game informative transformative...
Abstract. A cryoconite granule is a near-spherical aggregation of biota and abiotic particles found upon glacier surfaces. Recently, microstructural studies have revealed that photosynthetic microorganisms extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are omnipresent within granules suggested their importance as biological "forming factors". To assess these forming factors, control over aggregate size stability, across typical Arctic valley surface, suite rapid, spectrophotometric, microplate...
Abstract. In countries globally there is intense political interest in fostering effective university–business collaborations, but has been scant attention devoted to exactly how an individual scientist's workload (i.e. specified tasks) and incentive structures assessment criteria) may act as a key barrier this. To investigate this original, empirical dataset derived from UK job specifications promotion criteria, which distil universities' varied drivers into requirements upon academics....
While previous research backdoored neural networks by changing their parameters, recent work uncovered a more insidious threat: backdoors embedded within the definition of network's architecture. This involves injecting common architectural components, such as activation functions and pooling layers, to subtly introduce backdoor behavior that persists even after (full re-)training. However, full scope implications have remained largely unexplored. Bober-Irizar et al. [2023] introduced first...
Modern Machine Learning models are expensive IP and business competitiveness often depends on keeping this confidential. This in turn restricts how these deployed -- for example it is unclear to deploy a model on-device without inevitably leaking the underlying model. At same time, confidential computing technologies such as Multi-Party Computation or Homomorphic encryption remain impractical wide adoption. In paper we take different approach investigate feasibility of ML-specific mechanisms...
Abstract. A cryoconite granule is a near-spherical aggregation of biota and abiotic particles found upon glacier surfaces. Recently, microstructural studies have revealed that photosynthetic microorganisms extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are omnipresent within granules suggested their importance as biological "forming factors". To assess these forming factors, control over aggregate size stability, across typical Arctic valley surface, suite rapid, spectrophotometric, microplate...
Abstract. In countries globally (e.g. UK, Australia) there is intense political interest in fostering effective university-business collaborations, but has been scant attention devoted to exactly how individual scientists' workload (i.e. specified tasks) and incentive structures assessment criteria) may act as a key barrier this. To investigate this an original, empirical dataset derived from UK job specifications promotion criteria, which distil universities' varied drivers into...