A5047534509- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Advanced Aircraft Design and Technologies
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Cyclone Separators and Fluid Dynamics
- Economic and Technological Innovation
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
- Mechanical and Thermal Properties Analysis
- Fire Detection and Safety Systems
- Municipal Solid Waste Management
- Combustion and Detonation Processes
- Nuclear and radioactivity studies
- Noise Effects and Management
- Electromagnetic Launch and Propulsion Technology
- Underground infrastructure and sustainability
- Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows
Research Triangle Park Foundation
2005-2024
Environmental Protection Agency
2009-2024
Environmental Protection Agency
2002
MRIGlobal
1981-1992
A growing number of epidemiological studies conducted worldwide suggest an increase in the occurrence adverse health effects populations living, working, or going to school near major roadways. study was designed assess traffic emissions impacts on air quality and particle toxicity a heavily traveled highway. In attempt describe complex mixture pollutants atmospheric transport mechanisms affecting pollutant dispersion this near-highway environment, several real-time time-integrated sampling...
This paper addresses the need for detailed chemical information on fine particulate matter (PM) generated by commercial aviation engines. The exhaust plumes of seven turbofan engine models were sampled as part three test campaigns Aircraft Particle Emissions eXperiment (APEX). In these experiments, continuous measurements black carbon (BC) and particle surface-bound polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs) conducted. addition, time-integrated sampling was performed bulk elemental composition,...
Although it has long been recognized that road and building construction activity constitutes an important source of particulate matter (PM) emissions throughout the United States, until recently only limited research directed to its characterization. This paper presents results PM10 PM2.5 (particles < or = 10 microm 2.5 in aerodynamic diameter, respectively) emission factor development from onsite testing component operations at actual sites during period 1998-2001. Much effort was...
Presented here is an overview of non-volatile particulate matter (nvPM) emissions, i.e. "soot" as assessed by TEM analyses samples collected after the exhaust a J-85 turbojet fueled with Jet-A well blends and Camelina biofuel. A unifying explanation provided to illustrate combustion dynamics biofuel fuel. The variation primary particle size, aggregate size nanostructure are analyzed function blend across range engine thrust levels. postulate based on where fuels start along soot formation...
The emissions from a Garrett-AiResearch (now Honeywell) Model GTCP85–98CK auxiliary power unit (APU) were determined as part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) Alternative Aviation Fuel Experiment (AAFEX) using both JP-8 coal-derived Fischer Tropsch fuel (FT-2). Measurements conducted by multiple research organizations for sulfur dioxide (SO2), total hydrocarbons (THC), carbon monoxide (CO), (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), speciated gas-phase emissions, particulate...
The SAE International has published Aerospace Information Report (AIR) 6241 which outlined the design and operation of a standardized measurement system for measuring non-volatile particulate matter (nvPM) mass number emissions from commercial aircraft engines. Prior to this research, evaluation by various investigators revealed differences in nvPM on order 15-30% both within single sampling between two systems operating parallel same source. To investigate issue, U. S. Environmental...
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that recently re-emerged in Africa and rapidly spread into countries of the Indian Ocean basin South-East Asia. The mean viremic blood donation risk for CHIKV on La Réunion reached 1.5% at height 2005–2006 outbreaks, highlighting need development safety measures to prevent transfusion-transmitted infections. We describe successful inactivation human platelets plasma using photochemical treatment with amotosalen long wavelength UVA...
The fine particulate matter (PM) emissions from the use of two types Fischer–Tropsch aviation fuels and their 50:50 blends with military JP-8 were quantified as part first Alternative Aviation Fuel Experiment (AAFEX). Measurements made 30-m downstream a CFM56-2C1 engine for PM mass number, particle size distribution, black carbon (BC), volatile (sulfate + organics) using selected online instrumentation. number emission index (EIN) ranged ∼2 × 1015 to 7 1016 particles/kg fuel burned depending...
Abstract Although the fugitive dust associated with construction mud/dirt carryout can represent a substantial portion of particulate matter (PM) emissions inventory in non-attainment areas, it has not been well characterized by direct sampling methods. In this paper, research program is described that directly determined both PM10 and PM2.5 (particles ≤10 2.5 μm classical aerodynamic diameter, respectively) emission factors for from major project located metropolitan Kansas City, MO. The...
The particulate matter (PM) and gaseous emissions from six diesel school buses were determined over a simulated waiting period typical of schools in the northeastern U.S. Testing was conducted for both continuous idle hot restart conditions using suite on-line particle gas analyzers installed Environmental Protection Agency's Diesel Emissions Aerosol Laboratory. specific pollutants measured encompassed total PM-2.5 mass (PM ≤2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter), number concentration, size...
The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency in collaboration with the Air Force Arnold Engineering Development Complex conducted VAriable Response In Aircraft nvPM Testing (VARIAnT) 3 and 4 test campaigns to compare nonvolatile particulate matter (nvPM) emissions measurements from a variety of diffusion flame combustion aerosol sources (DFCASs), including Cummins diesel engine, powered generator, two gas turbine start carts, J85-GE-5 turbojet engine burning multiple fuels, Mini-CAST soot...
Abstract. Thermal–optical analysis (TOA) is a widely used technique that fractionates carbonaceous aerosol particles into organic and elemental carbon (OC EC), or carbonate. Thermal sub-fractions of evolved OC EC are also for source identification apportionment; thus, oven temperature accuracy during TOA essential. Evidence now indicates the "actual" sample (filter) measured by built-in thermocouple (or set-point temperature) can differ as much 50 °C. This difference affect OC–EC split point...
In response to lingering concerns about the utility of dynamometer data for mobile source emissions modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has constructed an on-road test facility characterize real-world heavy-duty trucks. The was designed effectively demonstrate full range vehicle operation and measure produced. Since it began operation, been continuously upgraded incorporate state-of-the-art technology. Its potential uses include collecting modal data, validating parameters...
Emission measurements of black carbon (BC) mass were conducted on a T63 turboshaft engine, operated at idle and cruise power with conventional alternative fuels, using an Artium LII-300 laser-induced incandescence analyzer (LII) AVL model 483 micro soot sensor (MSS) photoacoustic instrument the manufacturer's calibration for both instruments. These compared elemental (EC) determined by manual semicontinuous thermal-optical transmission analyses according to National Institute Occupational...
Biomass pellets are a source of renewable energy; although, the air pollution and exposure risks posed by emissions from burning in biomass boilers (BBs) uncertain. The present study examines organic species fine particle matter (PM) an BB firing switchgrass (SwG) hardwood (HW) using different test cycles. elemental carbon (OC EC) content select semivolatile compounds (SVOCs) filter-collected PM were identified quantified thermal-optical analysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS),...