A method to explicitly calculate the effective radius of hydrometeors in Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) double-moment 6-class (WDM6) microphysics scheme is designed tackle physical inconsistency cloud properties between and radiation processes. At each model time step, calculated radii from WDM6 are linked Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for GCMs (RRTMG) consider effects radiative flux calculation. This coupling effect RRTMG algorithms examined a heavy rainfall event Korea during 25–27...

The atmospheric size distributions of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) up to 10 μm in diameter were measured at Seoul the summer and winter 2003. concentrations total PAHs from 4.32 5.48 ng m−3 25.6 35.9 winter, respectively. Majority found on fine particles (D p < 2.1 μm). individual PAH compounds bimodal with peaks 0.43–0.65- 4.7–5.8-μm range summer. In those unimodal or weakly 0.65–1.1- range. seasonal variation peak mode might be caused by longer residence time air...

Aerosol indirect effects on precipitation were investigated in this study using a Global/Regional Integrated Model system (GRIMs) linked with chemistry package devised for reducing the heavy computational burden occurring common atmosphere–chemistry coupling models. The was based Goddard Chemistry Radiation and Transport scheme of Weather Research Forecasting (WRF-Chem), five tracers that are relatively important cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) formation treated as prognostic variables. For...

An aerosol dynamics model for dry deposition process is developed based on the moment method. Since it hard to fully apply method widely used velocity expressions resistance theory, expression by Raupach et al. (2001) used. Detailed mechanisms such as Brownian diffusion, gravitational settling, and impaction are considered in expression. To verify validity of derived dynamic equation, estimated with (2001), Wesely (1989) modified particles (Seinfeld Pandis 1998), CMAQ, constant value...

Aerosol mass efficiencies for extinction, scattering, and absorption are important parameters to understand aerosol optical properties. Although the efficiency is functions of refractive index particle size distribution, due complexity efficiency, usually regarded as a independent assumed depend mainly on chemical composition aerosols. In this study, we calculated polydispersed aerosols based different types. An analytical approach approximated formula each species was developed evaluated by...

Abstract New optical properties of ice crystals were implemented in a general circulation model. Ebert and Curry's (1992, https://doi.org/10.1029/91JD02472 ) Fu's (1996, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520‐0442(1996)009&lt;2058:AAPOTS&gt;2.0.CO;2 parameterizations are widely used the model radiation scheme. However, validity data is limited to an effective radius (size) 130 or 140 μm . This limit exceeds median snow (~200 ), which computed from multiclass cloud microphysics A comparable amount...

Abstract The effect of partial cloudiness is included in a cloud microphysics scheme, and its impact on precipitation processes examined through global‐model simulations for boreal summer. An excessive rate the reduced by considering microphysical processes, especially tropical western Pacific region where convective activity strong. reduction this mainly due to decrease precipitation, as modulates interacting with radiative processes. Cloud forcings are weaker including effect, more water...

This study found that the minimum collection efficiency particle diameter during precipitation is a function of rain intensity. The raindrop size distribution was parameterized with log normal as intensity, and were obtained analytically. results show that, precipitation, both scavenging coefficient increase along A comparison diameters for various falling velocities reveals there not much difference in diameters. Both numerical analytical this agree well, without loss accuracy.

&amp;#160; &amp;#160;Korean Integrated Model (KIM), a global weather prediction model, plans to extend into variable resolution system covering the short medium forecast range. To improve skill, we intend increase vertical from 91 137 layers in KIM, which has been updated with an enhanced horizontal of 8 km. The coordinates (L137) followed those European Centre for Intermediate Forecasting (ECMWF) System (IFS),&amp;#160; reduced grid spacing throughout troposphere and stratosphere compared...

Abstract It is well known that size distributions of aerosols influence their optical properties. Many previous studies have focused on the properties with particular weather conditions, such as haze, fog, or pollution. However, few investigated precipitation aerosols. In this study, polydispersed atmospheric following a wet removal process were investigated. For these calculations, lognormal distribution was used to represent raindrop and tri-modal aerosol distributions. Variations in...

AbstractThe scavenging of atmospheric aerosols by below-cloud processes during rain or snow precipitation plays an important role in the removal atmosphere. Because a variety frozen types and their physical properties, is more complicated process compared with scavenging. This study determined minimum collection efficiency diameter for polydispersed hydrometeor size distributions precipitation. Three collectors (graupel, dendrite, column) were considered obtained corresponding intercompared....