A5035325921- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Climate variability and models
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Advanced Data Storage Technologies
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Icing and De-icing Technologies
- Aerospace and Aviation Technology
Goddard Space Flight Center
2014-2024
University of Maryland, College Park
1994-2024
National Central University
2024
Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center
1998-2019
Science Systems and Applications (United States)
1998-2019
Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Atmosphère
2016
Joint Global Change Research Institute
2016
University of Maryland, Baltimore County
2002-2009
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2009
American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees
2008
Aerosols are a critical factor in the atmospheric hydrological cycle and radiation budget. As major agent for clouds to form significant attenuator of solar radiation, aerosols affect climate several ways. Current research suggests that aerosol effects on could further extend precipitation, both through formation cloud particles by exerting persistent radiative forcing system disturbs dynamics. However, various mechanisms behind these effects, particular, ones connected not yet well...
During the past two decades, convective scale models have advanced sufficiently to study dynamic and microphysical processes associated with mesoscale systems.The basic features of these are that they non-hydrostatic include a good representation pro cesses.The Goddard Cumulus Ensemble (GCE) model has been extensively applied cloud-environment interactions, cloud interaction merg ers, air-sea interaction, draft structure trace gas transport.The GCE improved signifi cantly during decade.For...
A reasonably accurate and noniterative saturation adjustment scheme is proposed to calculate the amount of condensation (and/or deposition) necessary remove any supersaturated vapor, or evaporation sublimation) subsaturation in presence cloud droplets ice). This can be implemented for a nonhydrostatic model. The derivation scheme, evaluation its performance tests sensitivity variations few key parameters will presented this note.
We have constructed profiles of lightning NO χ mass distribution for use in specifying the effective source global and regional chemical transport models. The been estimated midlatitude continental, tropical marine regimes based on computed individual storms each regime. In order to construct these we developed a parameterization occurrence, type, flash placement, production cloud‐scale tracer model using variables two‐dimensional Goddard Cumulus Ensemble (GCE) model. Wind fields from GCE...
Present‐day shortcomings in the representation of upper tropospheric ice clouds general circulation models (GCMs) lead to errors weather and climate forecasts as well account for a source uncertainty change projections. An ongoing challenge rectifying these has been availability adequate, high‐quality, global observations targeting related precipitating hydrometeors. In addition, inadequacy modeled physics often disjointed nature between model characteristics retrieved/observed values have...
The fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model is used to simulate Hurricane Bob (1991) using grids nested high resolution (4 km). Tests are conducted determine the sensitivity of simulation available planetary boundary layer parameterizations, including bulk aerodynamic, Blackadar, Medium-Range Forecast (MRF) model, and Burk–Thompson schemes. Significant seen, with minimum central pressures varying by up 16 mb maximum winds 15 m...
A two‐dimensional cloud‐resolving model with detailed spectral bin microphysics is used to examine the effect of aerosols on three different deep convective cloud systems that developed in geographic locations: south Florida, Oklahoma, and central Pacific. pair simulations, one an idealized low condensation nuclei (CCN) (clean) high CCN (dirty environment), conducted for each case. In all cases, rain reaches ground earlier low‐CCN Rain suppression also evident cases CCN. However, this only...
A three‐dimensional (3‐D) cloud‐scale chemical transport model that includes a parameterized source of lightning NO x on the basis observed flash rates has been used to simulate six midlatitude and subtropical thunderstorms during four field projects. Production per intracloud ( P IC ) cloud‐to‐ground CG is estimated by assuming various values for each storm determining which production scenario yields mixing ratios compare most favorably with in‐cloud aircraft observations. We obtain mean...
A series of large mesoscale convective systems that occurred during the Brazilian phase GTE/TRACE (Transport and Atmospheric Chemistry near Equator‐Atlantic) provided an opportunity to observe deep transport trace gases from biomass burning. This paper reports a detailed analysis flight 6, on September 27, 1992, which sampled cloud‐ biomass‐burning‐perturbed regions north Brasilia. High‐frequency sampling cloud outflow at 9–12 km NASA DC‐8 showed enhancement CO mixing ratios typically factor...
The influences of the aerosol type and concentration relative humidity (RH) on cumulus clouds have been investigated using a two‐dimensional spectral‐bin cloud model. Three simulations are conducted to represent polluted continental, clean marine types. Under same initial dynamic thermodynamic conditions, maritime case results in more intensive radar reflectivity both developing mature stages than continental cases, because enhanced warm rain by collisions ice processes deposition growth due...
Abstract A numerical cloud model is used to evaluate the performance of several ice parameterizations. Results from simulations using these schemes are contrasted with each other, an ice-free control simulation, and observations determine what extent physics affect realism results. Two different types tropical convection simulated. Tropical squall-type systems simulated in two dimensions so that a large domain can be incorporate complete anvil. Nonsquall-type convective lines three owing...
A 2D time-dependent and nonhydrostatic numerical cloud model is presently used to estimate the heating, moisture, water budgets in convective stratiform regions for both a tropical midlatitude squall line. The encompasses parameterized, three-class ice phase microphysical scheme longwave radiative transfer process. It noted that region plays an important role generation of rainfall cases. While midlevel minimum moisture profile case due vertical eddy transport region, contribution heating...
Abstract This paper reports an intercomparison study of midlatitude continental cumulus convection simulated by eight two‐dimensional and two three‐dimensional cloud‐resolving models (CRMs), driven observed large‐scale advective temperature moisture tendencies, surface turbulent fluxes, radiative‐heating profiles during three sub‐periods the summer 1997 Intensive Observation Period US Department Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program. Each sub‐period includes or...
Abstract Land–atmosphere interactions play a critical role in determining the diurnal evolution of both planetary boundary layer (PBL) and land surface temperature moisture states. The degree coupling between PBL numerical weather prediction climate models remains largely unexplored undiagnosed because complex feedbacks present across range scales. Furthermore, uncoupled systems or experiments [e.g., Project for Intercomparison Land-Surface Parameterization Schemes (PILPS)] may lead to...
A multidimensional and time-dependent cloud scale model is used to investigate the dynamic micro-physical processes associated with convective stratiform regions within a tropical squall-type line. The evolution of total portions rainfall also estimated by using output. three-dimensional version covers horizontal domain about 96 × km2. Frequently, extent an observed region over few hundred kilometers. Therefore, two-dimensional 512 km length incorporate complete region. Two-dimensional...
The Goddard microphysics was recently improved by adding a fourth ice class (frozen drops/hail). This new 4ICE scheme developed and tested in the Cumulus Ensemble (GCE) model for an intense continental squall line moderate, less organized case. Simulated peak radar reflectivity profiles were intensity shape both cases, as overall probability distributions versus observations. In this study, is implemented into regional-scale NASA Unified-Weather Research Forecasting (NU-WRF) model, modified...
The aerosol radiative effects (ARE) on the deep convective clouds are investigated by using a spectral‐bin cloud‐resolving model coupled with radiation scheme and an explicit land surface model. sensitivity of cloud properties associated forcing to single‐scattering albedo (SSA) examined. ARE is pronounced for mid‐visible SSA 0.85. Relative case without ARE, fraction optical depth decrease about 18% 20%, respectively. Ice particle number concentrations, liquid water path, ice droplet size...
An algorithm, the spectral latent heating (SLH) has been developed to estimate profiles for Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission precipitation radar with a cloud-resolving model (CRM). Heating-profile lookup tables three rain types—convective, shallow stratiform, and anvil (deep stratiform melting level)—were produced numerical simulations of tropical cloud systems in Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment. For convective regions, table refers precipitation-top...
Part I of this study described a detailed four-class bulk ice scheme (4ICE) developed to simulate the hydro-meteor profiles convective and stratiform precipitation associated with mesoscale systems. In II, 4ICE is incorporated into Goddard Cumulus Ensemble (GCE) model applied without any "tuning" two squall lines occurring in widely different environments, namely, one over "Pica) ocean Global Atmospheric Research Program's (GARP) Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE) other midlatitude...
The latent heat release is a consequence of phase change (vapor, liquid and solid) water. An algorithm has been developed (Tao et al., 1990) to estimate the heating cloud systems as function their vertical hydrometeor profiles (termed hydrometeor/heating algorithm). derivation well validation was based on results non-hydrostatic model. improvement its performance when tested which occurred in various geographic locations are discussed this paper. Also application incorporate surface...
Rainfall is a fundamental process within the Earth's hydrological cycle because it represents principal forcing term in surface water budgets, while its energetics corollary, latent heating, source of atmospheric diabatic heating well into middle latitudes. Latent heat production itself consequence phase changes between vapor, liquid, and frozen states water. The properties vertical distribution release modulate large-scale meridional zonal circulations Tropics, as modify energetic...