A5009686210- Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques
- Superconducting and THz Device Technology
- Microwave Engineering and Waveguides
- Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Photonic and Optical Devices
- Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism
- Advanced Electrical Measurement Techniques
- Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation
- Advanced Frequency and Time Standards
- Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements
- Terahertz technology and applications
- Quantum optics and atomic interactions
- Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design
- Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems
- thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses
- Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
- Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Quantum and electron transport phenomena
- Advanced Sensor Technologies Research
- Mechanical and Optical Resonators
- Heat Transfer and Optimization
Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica
2015-2025
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics And Applications
2020-2024
University of Sannio
2022
University of Salerno
2022
Polytechnic University of Turin
2006-2008
This study presents recent advancements in Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers (JTWPAs) developed and tested at INRiM within the DARTWARS project framework. Combining junctions with superconducting coplanar waveguides, JTWPAs offer advanced capabilities for quantum-limited broadband microwave amplification emission of non-classical radiation. The work delves into architecture, optimization, experimental characterization a JTWPA Resonant Phase-Matching mechanism, highlighting...
Abstract Reducing noise to the quantum limit over a large bandwidth is fundamental requirement for future applications operating at millikelvin temperatures, such as neutrino mass measurement, next-generation X-ray observatory, CMB dark matter and axion detection, rapid high-fidelity readout of superconducting qubits. The read out sensitivity arrays microcalorimeter detectors, resonant axion-detectors, qubits, currently limited by temperature cryogenic amplifiers. Detector Array Readout with...
Thermoelectric power sensors can now be used as transfer standards, instead of bolometers, in the microcalorimeter technique. This alternative has technical advantages to less sensitive absolute temperature and not downward frequency limited. At INRiM high standards are based on coaxial thermocouples from dc 34 GHz. Modified commercial thermocouple mounts 7 mm 3.5 line realize national standard with an accuracy ranging 0.03 % 1 mentioned range.
The advent of ultra-low noise microwave amplifiers revolutionized several research fields demanding quantum-limited technologies. Exploiting a theoretical bimodal description linear phase-preserving amplifier, in this contribution we analyze some the intrinsic properties model architecture (i.e., an rf-SQUID based Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifier) terms amplification and generation for key case study input states (Fock coherents). Furthermore, present analysis output signals...
Ultralow-noise microwave amplification and detection play a central role in different applications, going from fundamental physics experiments to the deployment of quantum technologies. In many applications necessity reading multiple detectors, or cavities qubits, calls for large bandwidth amplifiers with lowest possible noise. Current technologies are based on High Electron Mobility Transistors Josephson Parametric Amplifiers. Both have limitations, former terms minimum noise, latter...
The recent developments in quantum technologies, as well advanced detection experiments, have raised the need to detect extremely weak signals microwave frequency spectrum. To this aim, Josephson travelling wave parametric amplifier, a device capable of reaching noise limit while providing wide bandwidth, has been proposed suitable cryogenic front-end amplifier. This work deals with numerical study without approximations regarding nonlinearity key elements. In particular, we focus on...
Noise at the quantum limit over a broad bandwidth is fundamental requirement for future cryogenic experiments neutrino mass measurements, dark matter searches and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurements as well fast high-fidelity read-out of superconducting qubits. In last years, Josephson Parametric Amplifiers (JPA) have demonstrated noise levels close to limit, but due their narrow bandwidth, only few detectors or qubits per line can be read out in parallel. An alternative...
Abstract Superconducting parametric amplifiers offer the capability to amplify feeble signals with extremely low levels of added noise, potentially reaching quantum-limited amplification. This characteristic makes them essential components in realm high-fidelity quantum computing and serves propel advancements field sensing. In particular, Traveling-Wave Parametric Amplifiers (TWPAs) may be especially suitable for practical applications due their multi-Gigahertz amplification bandwidth, a...
This paper describes a bilateral comparison between two national metrology institutes, National Metrology Center from Singapore and Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica Italy. The measurands of the are scattering parameter magnitudes waveguide components type WR15 (50-75 GHz) WR10 (75-110 GHz). is, to best our knowledge, first this kind performed so far. measurement results also compared with electromagnetic computations based on mechanical measurements subset traveling standards.
The paper deals with recent progresses at INRiM towards the development and characterization of a programmable Josephson voltage standard (PJVS) operating in small liquid helium dewar as well its integration for realization practical quantum sampling electrical power standard. PJVS is based on 1 V superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (SNS) binary-divided array 8192 junctions. To ensure proper conditions chip, custom short cryoprobe was designed, built successfully tested. overall...
Recent advancements in quantum technologies and advanced detection experiments have underscored the pressing need for of exceedingly weak signals within microwave frequency spectrum. Addressing this challenge, Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifier (JTWPA) has been proposed as a cryogenic front-end amplifier capable approaching noise limit while providing relevant bandwidth. This research is centered on comprehensive numerical investigation JTWPA, without resorting to simplifications...
The paper describes the latest analysis made on a 3.5 mm coaxial microcalorimeter, which is system used by Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica to set up electromagnetic power standard in frequency band between 1 MHz and 26.5 GHz. concerns mainly electro-thermal behavior of feeding lines whose performances define main error component microcalorimeter. Previous mathematical models have been updated effects measurement accuracy are shown comparing new old datasets at values 50 26 It...
Thermoelectric power sensors used as transfer standards are promising devices for further enhancements of the microcalorimetric technique in high frequency field. A coaxial microcalorimeter has been studied, based on thermoelectric sensors, at Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM). In literature, several models have proposed, considering different calibration processes and error sources. Hereby we analyze these terms total uncertainty 3.5 mm line case between 10 MHz 26.5 GHz....
In this paper we present the outcome of first international comparison in terahertz frequency range among three different kinds spectrometers. A Fourier-Transform infrared spectrometer, a vector network analyzer and time-domain spectrometer have been employed for measuring complex refractive index travelling standards made selected dielectric materials order to offer wide enough parameters be measured. The spectrometers compared terms measurement capability uncertainty.
This paper analyses two possible estimators for the modulus of a complex-valued quantity. The case uncorrelated and normally distributed real imaginary parts is treated. expectations are calculated varying parameters normal distributions. They derived analytically, when possible, otherwise numerically by means Monte Carlo simulations. Studying statistical behaviour estimators, it can be deduced which represents best choice, depending on specific experimental context. relationship between...
Primary power standards in the microwave domain are realized using a calorimetric technique, usually identified with used measurement system, i.e., microcalorimeter. It is adjusted for of ratios relative accuracy that, after an appropriate system calibration, order 10^-3, at least (1 GHz-18 GHz). Hereby we describe calibration process implemented Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (Italy) realizing coaxial standard based on indirect heating thermocouples. Particular regard devoted to...
A new calibration method related to a twin-type microcalorimeter is proposed for high-frequency power sensors. This based on intrinsic compensation of feeding line losses, operation that results in unitary-gain microcalorimeter, whose mathematical model becomes similar the lossless ideal system. Moreover, time-consuming procedure required proper and autonomous calibration, short or open-circuit load, not necessary, mount-dismount between raw measurements steps disappears. The overall...
In the paper, a comparison is described of microwave power standard based on thermoelectric sensors against an analogous bolometric sensors. Measurements have been carried out with classical twin-type microcalorimeter, fitted N-connector test ports suitable for frequency band 0.05 - 18 GHz. An appropriate measurand definition given being to both types. A system accuracy assessment performed applying Gaussian error propagation through mathematical models that interpret microcalorimeter...
Abstract Josephson junctions, in appropriate configurations, can be excellent candidates for detection of single photons the microwave frequency band. Such possibility has been recently addressed framework galactic axion detection. Here are reported recent developments modelling and simulation dynamic behaviour a junction photon detector. For to enough sensitive, small critical currents operating temperatures order ten mK necessary. Thermal quantum tunnelling out zero-voltage state also mask...