The structure of two rhamnolipid biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa UG2 was studied. Analyses gas chromatography - mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed these rhamnolipids to be α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-β-hydroxydecanoyl-β-hydroxydecanoate 2-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-β-hydroxydecanoyl-β-hydroxydecanoate. ability enhance removal naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluorene, 2,2′,5,5′-tetrachlorobiphenyl,...

Primer sets specific for 16S rRNA genes were designed four phylogenetic groups of clostridia known to contain mesophilic cellulolytic species. Specific amplification these from landfill leachate DNA extracts demonstrated the widespread occurrence Clostridium thermocellum and C. leptum groups. In contrast, botulinum group was never detected, coccoides-C. lentocellum only occasionally detected. Amplification products analyzed by temporal thermal gel electrophoresis generate profiles...

Quantitative PCR and a culture method were used to investigate Campylobacter occurrence over 3 years in watershed located southern Ontario, Canada that is as source of drinking water.Direct DNA extraction from river water followed by quantitative analysis detected thermophilic campylobacters at low concentrations (<130 cells 100 ml(-1) ) 57-79% samples taken five locations. By comparison, culture-based 0-23% samples. Water quality parameters such total Escherichia coli not highly correlated...

Biofilters have gained in popularity for drinking water treatment reasons that include reducing disinfectant demand, disinfection by‐product formation, and regrowth distribution systems. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) detection is being used more frequently as an easy rapid method to quantify viable biomass biofilters; however, there little information on the relationship of ATP levels biofiltration parameters performance. In this study, a comprehensive comparison published data was conducted,...

Aims The effect of amplicon length on the ability propidium monoazide-PCR (PMA-PCR) to reliably quantify viable cells without interference from dead was tested heat- and ultraviolet (UV)-killed Salmonella enterica Campylobacter jejuni, two important enteric pathogens concern in environmental, food clinical samples. Methods Results PMA treatment followed by quantitative PCR (qPCR) amplification short DNA fragments (<200 bp) resulted incomplete signal inhibition heat-treated Salm. (3 log...

ABSTRACT Oligonucleotide primers were designed for the 18S rRNA genes of members Neocallimastigales and used in a nested PCR protocol to amplify 787-bp fragments DNA from landfill site samples. The specificities confirmed by phylogenetic analysis environmental clone sequences, this method can therefore now be investigate ecology obligately anaerobic fungi. To our knowledge, is first demonstration occurrence outside mammalian gut, their distribution across samples examined here suggests that...

Yersinia enterocolitica has been detected in surface water, and drinking untreated water is a risk factor for infection. PCR-based methods have used to detect Y. various sample types, but quantitative studies not conducted water. In this study, PCR (qPCR)-based targeting the virulence genes ail yadA were survey Grand River watershed southern Ontario, Canada. Initial testing of reference strains showed that assays specific pathogenic biotypes enterocolitica; however also one clinical...

Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) with reclaimed water is an important reuse application. As intentional way of recharging into aquifers, MAR can be used to address shortages and contribute sustainable resources management practices. The establishment a system depends on the source water, selection method site, type treatment system, ultimate purpose recovered these components are closely related integrated. However, at present, detailed regulations or guidelines that specifically guide...

Performance of full‐scale ozone–biofiltration was investigated over 14 months to determine the potential effects seasonally related changes in water temperature and quality on removal natural organic matter fractions. The biofilters removed average 12% dissolved carbon, 31% biopolymers, 6% humic substances, 10% building blocks, low‐molecular‐weight (LMW) acids/LMW humics, 14% LMW neutrals, 52% assimilable carbon. exhibited an increase carbon as increased from 3 28°C, even though filter...

Cryptosporidium and Giardia were characterized in a watershed southern Ontario, Canada, over 2½ year period. River samples collected every two weeks, primarily near municipal drinking water treatment plant intake. frequently detected with an overall occurrence rate of 88 97%, respectively. concentrations higher than Cryptosporidium, median values 80 cysts 100 L(-1) 12 oocysts L(-1), Although pathogens rarely show significant relationship fecal or quality indicators, this study determined...

The objective was to develop and apply an improved, comprehensive biofilm characterization protocol for cellular extracellular polymeric substances in drinking water biofilters.

The potential for regrowth of nitrifying microorganisms was monitored in 2 full-scale chloraminated drinking water distribution systems Ontario, Canada, over a 9-month period. Quantitative PCR used to measure amoA genes from ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA), these values were compared with quality parameters that can influence nitrifier survival growth, including total chlorine, ammonia, temperature, pH, organic carbon. Although there no severe nitrification episodes, AOB...

Fouling is a major challenge for low-pressure membrane drinking water treatment systems. Previous research has demonstrated that under the right conditions, biofiltration an effective method to reduce fouling of polymeric membranes. This study provides additional insight into effect as pretreatment reduction by using river with different raw quality characteristics than been examined in previous studies. Two parallel pilot-scale dual media (sand/anthracite) biological filters were operated...

Research Article| September 10 2014 Detection of viable bacterial pathogens in a drinking water source using propidium monoazide-quantitative PCR Avid Banihashemi; Banihashemi 1NSERC Chair Water Treatment, Department Civil and Environmental Engineering, University Waterloo, 200 Avenue West, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1 E-mail: a2baniha@uwaterloo.ca Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Michele I. Van Dyke; Dyke Peter M. Huck Journal Supply: Technology-Aqua...