A5034810095- Groundwater flow and contamination studies
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Geological Modeling and Analysis
- Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods
- Karst Systems and Hydrogeology
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Geological formations and processes
- Landslides and related hazards
- Climate change and permafrost
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Geological Formations and Processes Exploration
- Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- Cryospheric studies and observations
University of Bergen
2022-2024
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research
2023
Bundesgesellschaft für Endlagerung
2021-2022
University of Göttingen
2012-2021
RWTH Aachen University
2020-2021
McGill University
2013-2018
Institute of Geochemistry
2012
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
2010-2011
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas
2008
Abstract The flow of fresh groundwater may provide substantial inputs nutrients and solutes to the oceans. However, extent which hydrogeological parameters control world’s oceans has not been quantified systematically. Here we present a spatially resolved global model coastal discharge show that contribution accounts for ~0.6% (0.004%–1.3%) total freshwater input ~2% (0.003%–7.7%) solute carbon, nitrogen, silica strontium. displays high spatial variability an estimated 26% (0.4%–39%)...
Abstract Groundwater is an invaluable global resource, but its long‐term viability as a resource for consumption, agriculture, and ecosystems depends on precipitation recharging aquifers. How much recharges groundwaters varies enormously across Earth's surface, yet recharge rates often remain uncertain. Here we use synthesis of field‐estimated six continents to show that globally first‐order follows simple function climatic aridity. We this relationship estimate in energy‐limited systems...
Abstract Terrestrial groundwater travels through subterranean estuaries before reaching the sea. Groundwater‐derived nutrients drive coastal water quality, primary production, and eutrophication. We determined how dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), phosphorus (DIP), organic (DON) are transformed within estimated submarine discharge (SGD) nutrient loads compiling > 10,000 samples from 216 sites worldwide. Nutrients exhibited complex, nonconservative behavior in estuaries. Fresh DIN DIP...
Abstract Brines are commonly found at depth in sedimentary basins. Many of these brines known to be connate waters that have persisted since the early Paleozoic Era. Yet questions remain about their distribution and mechanisms for retention Earth's crust. Here we demonstrate there is insufficient topography drive dense fluids from bottom deep Our assessment based on driving force ratio indicates basins with > 1 contain frequently host large evaporite deposits. These stagnant conditions...
Abstract The turnover of groundwater through recharge drives many processes throughout Earth's surface and subsurface. Yet rates their relationship to regional climate geology remain largely unknown. We estimated that over 200 × 10 6 km 3 has recharged since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), which is times volume global storage. However, flushing very unevenly distributed one million watersheds, with some aquifers turned thousands others <1% turnover. median 5 ± LGM highlights groundwater's...
Abstract The permeability of crystalline rocks is generally assumed to decrease with depth due increasing overburden stress. While experiments have confirmed the dependence on stress, field measurements not previously yielded an unambiguous and universal relation between in shallow crust (<2.5 km). Large data sets from Sweden, Germany Switzerland provide new opportunities characterize crust. Here we compile situ ( n = 973) quantitatively test potential relationships permeability, (0–2.5...
Abstract The permeability of sediments is a major control on groundwater flow and the associated redistribution heat solutes in sedimentary basins. While porosity–permeability relationships pure clays sands have been relatively well established at laboratory scale, natural remains highly uncertain. Here we quantify how existing new equations can explain noncemented siliciclastic sediments. We compiled grain size, clay mineralogy, porosity, data sand silt ( n = 126), 148), mixtures sand, 92)....
Groundwater recharge is fundamental to supporting sustainable groundwater use for both ecosystems and human water withdrawals. Rates of recharge, how these rates are affected by climate change, remain poorly constrained due uncertain models limited measurements. We develop an emerging relationship between measurements climatic aridity. This suggests that tends be most sensitive changes in regions where potential evapotranspiration slightly exceeds precipitation. In regions, even modest...
Abstract We present a reconstruction of episodic fluid flow over the past ∼250 k.y. along Malpais normal fault, which hosts Beowawe hydrothermal system (Nevada, USA), using novel combination apatite (U-Th)/He (AHe) thermochronometer and model thermal effects flow. Samples show partial resetting AHe in 40-m-wide zone around fault. Numerical models current temperatures discharge rates indicate that events lasting 2 or more lead to fully reset samples. Episodic pulses 1 result partially...
Abstract Predictions of groundwater fluctuations in space and time are important for sustainable water resource management. Infiltration variability on monthly to decadal timescales leads the tables thus resources. However, connections between global‐scale climate infiltration patterns often poorly understood because relationships conditions tend be highly nonlinear. In addition, understanding is further hampered many records incomplete anthropogenically influenced, which makes identifying...
The age of groundwater, the time since water recharged subsurface, is a fundamental characteristic groundwater that impacts diverse geologic processes and practical applications. distribution depends on many factors including permeability, recharge rate, aquifer geometry, topography. Seminal work simulated topography‐driven regional flow with various topographies, localized high‐permeability zones, more recently permeability decreasing depth, but role layered systems which are common in both...
Abstract The pollen 14 C age and oxygen isotopic composition of siliceous sinter deposits from the former Beowawe geyser field reveal evidence two hydrothermal discharge events that followed relatively low‐magnitude (<M5) earthquakes Holocene late Pleistocene along Malpais fault zone in Whirlwind Valley, Nevada, USA . observed 20‰ trend decreasing δ 18 O over about a 5000‐to‐7000‐year period following each earthquake is consistent with fault‐controlled groundwater flow system that,...
Abstract. The extent to which groundwater flow affects drainage density and erosion has long been debated but is still uncertain. Here, I present a new hybrid analytical numerical model that simulates flow, overland hillslope stream incision. used explore the relation between incision persistence of streams for set parameters represent average humid climate conditions. results show transmissivity exert strong control on density. High in low high rates (and vice versa), with varying roughly...
Temperature exerts a first order control on rock strength, principally via thermally activated creep deformation and the distribution at depth of brittle-ductile transition zone. The latter can be regarded as lower bound to seismogenic zone, thereby controlling spatial seismicity within lithospheric plate. As such, models crustal thermal field are important understand localisation seismicity. Here we relate results from 3D simulations steady state Alpine orogen its forelands in this...
Abstract The extent of deep groundwater flow in mountain belts and its thermal effects are uncertain. Here, we use a new database discharge, temperature, composition springs the Alps to estimate contribution heat budget. results indicate that fed exclusively by meteoric water make up 0.1% total Spring circulates on average depth at least 2 km. net extracted from subsurface equals 1% background flow, which an footprint 7 km . Cooling downward heating upward three two times higher than...
Abstract. Geothermal energy is an important and sustainable resource that has more potential than currently utilized. Whether or not a deep geothermal can be exploited, mostly depends on, besides temperature, the utilizable reservoir volume over time, which in turn largely on petrophysical parameters. We show, using 1000 (n=1027) 4-D finite-element models of simple doublet, lifetime complex function its geological parameters, their heterogeneity, background hydraulic gradient (BHG). In our...
We performed a detailed analysis of the thermal state Cenozoic Roer Valley Graben, north–western branch European Rift System, based on new set temperature data. developed numerical technique for correcting bottom hole temperatures, including an evaluation uncertainty parameters. Comparison with drill stem test temperatures indicated that in corrected using two-component model is approximately ± 4 °C, which much more accurate than up to 15 °C errors encountered often-used line-source or...
[1] Apatite fission track thermochronology is a powerful tool for the reconstruction of thermal and geological evolution sedimentary basins. However, reconstructing basin using thermochronological data complicated by fact that sediments also record history their source areas. Moreover, samples frequently contain grains from multiple We have constructed new numerical model integrates sediment burial with provenance scenarios uses derived to calculate synthetic apatite data. applied this study...
Abstract. Low-temperature thermochronology can provide records of the thermal history upper crust and be a valuable tool to quantify hydrothermal systems. However, existing model codes heat flow around systems do not include low-temperature thermochronometer age predictions. Here I present new code that simulates on geological timescales. The modelled histories are used calculate apatite (U–Th)∕He (AHe) ages, which is sensitive temperatures up 70 ∘C. AHe ages compared measured values in...
Abstract In the Netherlands present-day thermal gradient in shallow subsurface (i.e. upper few 100 m), is around 20°C km –1 , whereas at depths between 0.5 and 3 it ∼33°C . This large contrast deeper parts of occurs throughout country cannot be explained by either systematic property changes with depth or depositional setting region. this paper we use a 1D model for crust demonstrate that observed temperature-depth trend most likely reflects transient condition inherited from past climate...
Abstract. The German site selection procedure for a high-level nuclear waste repository is entering stage in which preliminary safety assessments have to be conducted and the release of radionuclides has estimated large number potential sites. Here, we present TransPyREnd, 1D finite-differences code modeling transport subsurface at geological timescales. simulates processes advection, diffusion, equilibrium sorption, decay radionuclides, build-up daughter nuclides. We summarize modeled...