A5050545998- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Landslides and related hazards
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Geological Modeling and Analysis
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Climate change and permafrost
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Seismic Performance and Analysis
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Rock Mechanics and Modeling
- Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
- Tree-ring climate responses
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2020-2024
University of Southern California
2014-2023
Southern Methodist University
2023
California Institute of Technology
2020-2022
Southern California Earthquake Center
2014-2020
Southern California University for Professional Studies
2014-2015
The University of Texas at Austin
2012-2014
Research Article| June 12, 2018 Surface Rupture of Multiple Crustal Faults in the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura, New Zealand, Earthquake Nicola J. Litchfield; Litchfield aGNS Science, P.O. Box 30‐368, Lower Hutt 5040, n.litchfield@gns.cri.nz Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Pilar Villamor; Villamor Russ Van Dissen; Dissen Andrew Nicol; Nicol bUniversity Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, Zealand Philip M. Barnes; Barnes cNational Institute Water and...
Abstract Comparison of 398 fault offsets measured by visual analysis WorldView high‐resolution satellite imagery with deformation maps produced COSI‐Corr subpixel image correlation Landsat‐8 and SPOT5 reveals significant complexity distributed along the 2013 M w 7.7 Balochistan, Pakistan earthquake. Average slip main trace was 4.2 m, local maximum up to 11.4 m. from offset geomorphic features, which record localized strand fault, total displacement across entire width surface zone ∼45%...
ABSTRACT Surface rupture in the 2019 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake sequence occurred along two orthogonal cross faults and includes dominantly left-lateral northeast-striking Mw 6.4 foreshock right-lateral northwest-striking 7.1 mainshock. We present >650 field-based, surface-displacement observations for these ruptures synthesize our results into cumulative along-strike displacement distributions. Using data, we calculate gradients compare with historical strike-slip eastern...
Abstract The Mw 6.4 and 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence occurred on 4 5 July 2019 within the eastern California shear zone of southern California. Both events produced extensive surface faulting ground deformation Indian Wells Valley Searles Valley. In weeks following earthquakes, more than six dozen scientists from government, academia, private sector carefully documented ground-deformation features. As December 2019, we have compiled a total 6000 observations; approximately 1500 these...
Abstract We generated dense, high‐resolution 3‐D ground displacement maps for the 2016 M W 7.8 Kaikōura, New Zealand earthquake—the most geometrically and kinematically complex rupture yet recorded—from stereo WorldView optical satellite imagery using a new methodology that combines subpixel image correlation with ray‐tracing approach. Our analysis reveals fundamental details of near‐field patterns, which cannot easily be obtained through other methods. From our detailed maps, we measured...
Abstract The 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence initiated on July 4th with a series of foreshocks, including an M w 6.4 event, that culminated day later the 7.1 mainshock and resulted in rupture set cross‐faults. In this study, we use subpixel correlation optical satellite imagery to measure displacement, finite strain, rotation near‐field coseismic deformation understand kinematics strain release along surface ruptures. We find average off‐fault is 34% significantly higher foreshock (56%),...
Abstract. Snow water equivalent (SWE) is identified as the key element of snowpack that impacts rivers' streamflow and cycle. Both active passive microwave remote sensing methods have been used to retrieve SWE, but there does not currently exist a SWE product provides useful estimates in mountainous terrain. Active sensors provide higher-resolution observations, suitable radar frequencies temporal repeat intervals available until recently. Interferometric synthetic aperture (InSAR) has shown...
We provide a summary of the surface fault ruptures produced by Mw7.8 14 November 2016 Kaikōura earthquake, including examples damage to engineered structures, transportation networks and farming infrastructure direct rupture displacement. also an overview earthquake in context source model estimated ground motions from current (2010) version National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) for New Zealand. A total 21 faults ruptured along c.180 km long zone during some that were unknown prior event. The...
Abstract Geomorphic mapping using high‐resolution lidar imagery and luminescence dating reveal highly variable incremental Holocene‐latest Pleistocene slip rates at the well‐known Saxton River site along Awatere fault, a dextral strike‐slip fault in Marlborough Fault System, South Island, New Zealand. Using field observations, we measured seven offsets recorded by fluvial terraces bedrock markers. Improved of is provided post‐IR‐IRSL 225 ages. Incremental varied from <2 mm/yr to >15...
Abstract We image the rupture process of 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo, Tibet earthquake using slowness‐enhanced back‐projection (BP) and joint finite fault inversion, which combines teleseismic broadband body waves, long‐period (166–333 s) seismic 3D ground displacements from radar satellites. The results reveal a left‐lateral strike‐slip rupture, propagating bilaterally on 160 km long north‐dipping sub‐vertical system that bifurcates near its east end. About 80% total moment occurs asperities...
Abstract Incremental slip rates of the Clarence fault, a dextral fault in Marlborough system South Island, New Zealand, varied by factor 4–5 during Holocene–latest Pleistocene time, as revealed geomorphic mapping and luminescence dating faulted fluvial landforms at Tophouse Road site. We used high‐resolution lidar microtopographic data field surveys to map fine‐scale geomorphology precisely restore offset features. dated offsets using stratigraphically informed protocol for infrared...
Abstract We use high‐resolution lidar microtopographic data and luminescence dating to constrain incremental Holocene–latest Pleistocene slip rates for the Wairau fault, a major dextral strike‐slip fault in Marlborough Fault System, South Island, New Zealand. Our come from two closely spaced study areas along structurally simple, central portion of fault: The well‐known Branch River terrace flight, previously undated series offset risers channel features several km east that we refer as...
Research Article| November 01, 2015 Evolution and progressive geomorphic manifestation of surface faulting: A comparison the Wairau Awatere faults, South Island, New Zealand Robert Zinke; Zinke 1Department Earth Sciences, University Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar James F. Dolan; Dolan Russell Van Dissen; Dissen 2GNS Science, PO Box 30-368, Lower Hutt, Jessica R. Grenader; Grenader Edward J. Rhodes; Rhodes...
Abstract Paleoseismic trenches excavated at two sites reveal ages of late Holocene earthquakes along the Conway segment Hope fault, fastest-slipping fault within Marlborough system in northern South Island, New Zealand. At Green Burn East (GBE) site, a fault-perpendicular trench exposed gravel colluvial wedges, fissure fills, and upward terminations associated with five paleo-surface ruptures. Radiocarbon age constraints indicate that these occurred after 36 B.C.E., four most recent surface...
Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is commonly used to measure volatile contents dissolved in glass inclusions minerals. The standard method doubly polish the crystal fully expose inclusion allow light pass through only. Glass are often a few tens of micrometers thick, which can limit usefulness FTIR because how fragile samples become when thinned enough inclusions. Here, we test whether unexposed be feasibly analyzed by measuring population rehomogenized quartz-hosted at...
Abstract Geomorphic field and aerial lidar mapping, coupled with fault-parallel trenching, reveals four progressive offsets of a stream channel an older offset the headwaters associated fill terrace–bedrock contact at Hossack Station along Conway segment Hope fault, fastest-slipping fault within Marlborough system in northern South Island, New Zealand. Radiocarbon luminescence dating aggradational surface deposition initiation abandonment event horizons yields not only average dextral rate...
Abstract. Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) is identified as the key element of snowpack that impacts rivers' streamflow and water cycle. Both active and~passive microwave remote sensing methods have been used to retrieve SWE, but there does not currently exist a SWE product provides useful estimates in mountainous terrain. Active sensors provide higher-resolution observations, optimal radar frequencies temporal repeat intervals available until recently. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar...