The excess of the chemical fertilizers not only causes environmental pollution but also has many deteriorating effects including global warming and alteration soil microbial diversity. In conventional researches, their concentrations are selected based on knowledge experts involved in projects, which this kind models usually subjective. Therefore, present study aimed to introduce optimal three macro elements nitrogen (0, 100, 200 g), potassium 200, 300 magnesium 50, 100 g) fruit yield (FY),...

The utilization of soybean as a key oil crop to enhance sustainable agriculture has garnered significant attention from researchers. Its lower water requirements compared rice, along with its reduced environmental impact, including greenhouse gas emissions, improved quality, enhanced biodiversity, and efficient resource utilization, make it an attractive option. Unfortunately, Iran, like many other developing countries, heavily relies on imports (over 90%) meet the demand for protein in...

Salinity substantially affects plant growth and crop productivity worldwide. Plants adopt several biochemical mechanisms including regulation of antioxidant biosynthesis to protect themselves against the toxic effects induced by stress. One-year-old pistachio rootstock exhibiting different degrees salinity tolerance were subjected sodium chloride stress identify genetic diversity among cultivated for their responses, determine correlation these enzymes Leaves roots harvested following...

Abstract In the present study, an eco-friendly process was made for rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extract Hibiscus sabdariffa . The characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission (TEM), UV–visible and X-ray diffraction (XRD). These green (NPs) were used mitigating adverse effects salinity on seed germination growth parameters in plants. Accordingly, two experiments conducted. first experiment, seven...

Blackberries and raspberries are nutritionally rich fruits, yet comprehensive studies assessing both mineral composition antioxidant activity across diverse genotypes—particularly in Iran—remain limited. This study addresses this gap as the first to systematically evaluate twelve raspberry blackberry cultivars cultivated northern Iran, providing novel insights into genotype-specific variations micronutrients (K, P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu) profiles (DPPH, FRAP). Distinct genotypic groupings...

Understanding how plant traits evolve in response to environmental gradients is critical for elucidating mechanisms of local adaptation. This study investigated trait variation Achillea wilhelmsii accessions from eight climatically diverse Iranian locations after cultivation under uniform conditions. Key traits-plant size, biomass, and phosphorus content-reflect adaptive divergence along an integrated gradient (PCA1) derived temperature, precipitation, altitude. Warmer/drier, lower-altitude...

The effects of gamma irradiation (GR) on total phenol, anthocyanin and antioxidant activity were investigated in three different Persian pistachio nuts at doses 0, 1, 2 4 kGy. activity, as determined by FRAP DPPH methods, revealed a significant increase the 1–2 kGy dose range. Total phenol content (TPC) similar pattern or this However, when radiation was increased to kGy, TPC all genotypes decreased. A 1 had no effect Kale-Ghouchi (K) Akbari (A) genotypes, while it significantly Ghazvini (G)...

Abstract This study explored the chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and total phenol content of aerial parts from 25 accessions three Achillea species ( wilhelmsii C. Koch, vermicularis Trin., tenuifolia Lam.). The plants were collected various natural habitats across Iran, encompassing regions such as Central, Western, Southern, Northern, Northwestern country. Subsequently, they grown together under field conditions. revealed significant variation in essential oil yields among A. ,...

The aim of this work was to evaluate the phytochemical components, minerals, antioxidant activity and total phenol contents essential oil from aerial parts six major medicinal plants in Rayen, Iran. included Ranunculus arvensis, Teucrium polium, Dracocephalum polychaetum, Kelussia odoratissima, Artemisia sieberi Thymus kotschyanus. Total content ranged 0.03 0.158 mg/mL. A. showed highest radical scavenging ability (IC50 = 94 μg/mL). amount minerals as follows: P (0.23–29%), K (1.08–4.76%),...

Desert wheatgrass ( Agropyron desertorum L.), tall elongatum and crested cristatum L.) are native cool-season grass species that exhibit potential as a low-input turfgrass. An increased understanding of the biochemical physiological responses genotypes to salt stress conditions is important for developing with enhanced tolerance salinity. The objective this study was characterize antioxidative properties in 20 Iranian observe their salinity during seed germination seedling growth stage. A...

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) is an important medicinal plant with used for various purposes in different industries. In this study 25 ecotypes of fennel from all over Iran were collected and their genetic diversity studied by seven ISSR primers. Seven primers generated 52 amplified fragments, which 49 polymorphic. The highest similarity coefficient among the was between Chahestan Haji abad whereas minimum observed Fozveh Moqan. most cases, classifications consistent geographical...

Chemical composition and essential oil yields from aerial parts of 31 Iranian Achillea millefolium accessions, each collected their natural habitats Iran grown together in field conditions, were investigated. The concentrations the hydro-distilled oils ranged 0.03% to 0.39%. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis revealed 50 compounds accessions. main components A. accessions varied following ranges: 1,8-Cineole, 1.2–19.8%; β-thujone, 0.4–55.3%; camphor, 0.6–25.5%;...

Pistachio nuts are rich sources of nutrients which essential for human wellbeing. In the present study we investigate variation oil, protein, total phenol, mineral contents, and antioxidant activity twenty rare Persian pistachio exocarp layer. Among 20 genotypes, in seeds Mn concentration was varied from 5.73 to 17.33 mg/kg; Fe ranged 17 62.4 Zn 6.76 30.3 Na 0.06 0.126%; K 0.68 1.35%; P 0.42 0.73%; N 2.6 4.29%; Mg 0.11 0.17%, Ca 0.23 0.47%, oil 47.94 57.29% protein 16.26 25.5%. The G3...

This study investigated the mitigating effects of spermidine on salinity-stressed yarrow plants ( Achillea millefolium L.), an economically important medicinal crop. Plants were treated with four salinity levels (0, 30, 60, 90 mM NaCl) and three concentrations 1.5, 3 μM). Salinity induced electrolyte leakage in a dose-dependent manner, increasing from 22% at 30 to 56% NaCl without spermidine. However, 1.5 μM significantly reduced across salinities by 1.35–11.2% relative untreated stressed...

Core Ideas A physiological mechanism for drought resistance in wheatgrass is proposed. Analysis of antioxidant enzyme activity during germination under stress. Germination, osmotic adjustment, and activities Osmotic stress one the major environmental stresses that limits plant growth seed many areas world. The purpose this research was to determine degree range tolerance 20 ecotypes identify might be potentially useful arid semiarid regions. We used a completely randomized factorial design...

A new and efficient method of direct shoot proliferation was developed here in two muskmelon genotypes (Cucumis melo L.), including 'Khatooni' 'Sooski Sabz' (100%) using 4-day-old cotyledonary explants vitro. The regeneration evaluated on Murashige Skoog (MS) medium supplemented separately with 17 treatments as combinations auxins (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid [NAA] Naphthoxyacetic [NOA]) four cytokinins (Benzylaminopurine [BAP], Thidiazuron [TDZ], Kinetin [KIN],...

Cultivation and preservation of yarrow has recently attracted wide attention due to its beneficial properties; however, genetic variation Achillea species is still relatively unknown.We used RAPD ISSR markers assess diversity in 16 accessions belonging two native Iran.Seven nine primers generated 187 amplified fragments, which 159 were polymorphic.The similarity coefficient among tenuifolia ranged from 61 86%, 40 84% A. santolina accessions.A low was observed between these (mean =...

In order to evaluate the beneficial treatments of ten Achillea santolina accessions, some yield characters were investigated. This experiment was carried out using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The factor studied included yarrow genotypes that collected at initial stage flowering. The analysis variance showed all except leaf length significant different levels (5 or 1% levels). Plant height (p ≤ 0.01) two As6 and As8 which had highest mean. Genotype As9 means in...

Embryo rescue is among the most important techniques used in seedless grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) breeding and applied to female parent. A variety of factors that affect embryo development germination, as well plantlet production, cultivar 'Flame Seedless' were investigated. The results showed using Nitsch (NN) medium rather than Emershad Ramming (ER) for double-phase solid phase media produced better developed embryos (DE; 47.49% compared 24.85%, 40.69% 31.66%, respectively) germinated...