The affective changes associated with acute exercise have been studied extensively in and health psychology, but not psychology. This paper presents a summary of the relevant findings tentative theoretical model. According to this model, responses are jointly influenced by cognitive factors, such as physical self-efficacy, interoceptive (e.g., muscular or respiratory) cues that reach centres brain via subcortical routes. Furthermore, balance between these two determinants is hypothesised...

This article introduces a new theory, the Affective–Reflective Theory (ART) of physical inactivity and exercise. ART aims to explain predict behavior in situations which people either remain state or initiate action (exercise). It is dual-process model assumes that exercise-related stimuli trigger automatic associations resulting affective valuation exercise (type-1 process). The forms basis for reflective evaluation (type-2 process), can follow if self-control resources are available....

A causal chain linking exercise intensity, affective responses (e.g., pleasure-displeasure), and adherence has long been suspected as a contributor to the public health problem of physical inactivity. However, progress in investigation this model limited, mainly due inconsistent findings on first link between intensity responses.The purpose was reexamine intensity-affect relationship using new methodological platform.Thirty young adults (14 women 16 men) participated 15-min treadmill...

Prologue 1. Documenting the breadth and depth of problem 2. Untangling terminological Gordian knot 3. Should affective states be considered as distinct entities or positioned along dimensions? 4. Are pleasant unpleasant independent polar opposites? 5. Selecting a measure: proposed three-step process 6. The old classics: measures 7. Dimensional 8. Domain-specific measurement: challenges solutions 9. Problems domain specificity: examples from exercise Epilogue.

Part I: Introduction Chapter 1: Psychobiology of physical activity: Integration at last! 2: Physical Activity and the Neurobiology Interoception 3: Brain Activation During II: Cognition 4: Aging, Activity, Neurocognitive Function 5: Exercise, Neurogenesis, Learning in Rodents III: Emotion 6: Exertion Pleasure from an Evolutionary Perspective 7: Affective responses to acute exercise 8: Affect, EEG Studies 9: activity Neurotransmitter Release IV: Psychosomatic Health 10: The Cross-Stressor...

OBJECTIVES: High exercise intensity may be associated with reduced adherence to programmes, possibly because it is perceived as aversive. However, several authors have suggested that an high 60% or 70% of maximal aerobic capacity (VO(2max)) necessary for elicit positive affective changes. To elucidate this discrepancy, the responses increasing levels were examined. DESIGN: In total, 30 volunteers rated their affect every minute they ran on a treadmill while speed and grade progressively...

Although basic research has uncovered biological mechanisms by which exercise could maintain and enhance adult brain health, experimental human studies with older adults have produced equivocal results. This randomized clinical trial aimed to investigate the hypotheses that (a) effects of training on performance neurocognitive tasks in is selective, influencing mainly a substantial executive control component (b) related cardiorespiratory fitness. Fifty-seven (65–79 years) participated...

Individuals differ in the intensity of exercise they prefer and can tolerate. The purpose this project was to develop a measure individual differences preference for tolerance intensity. steps involved (a) item generation face validation, (b) exploratory factor analysis selection, (c) structural (d) examination internal consistency test-retest reliability, (e) concurrent (f) construct validation are described. Preference Tolerance Intensity Exercise Questionnaire (PRETIE-Q) is 16-item,...

Traditional conceptions of the exercise–affect relationship postulate that moderate-intensity exercise leads to positive affective changes in all or most individuals, and it can, therefore, be prescribed for individuals involved programs. This study investigated whether this assumption is true, not only at level group averages but also individuals. Affect was assessed before, during, after a session cycle ergometry using dimensional conceptualization affect. Examination individual responses...

To examine the association between sleep and overweight waist circumference (WC) in children adolescents.Data were from a nationally representative sample of 6324 7-15-y-old males females Australian Health Fitness Survey. Associations duration body mass index (BMI) WC examined by analysis covariance, linear regression, logistic regression.In total sample, there was significant main effect across sleep-duration categories (<or=8 h, 8-9 9-10 >or=10 h) for BMI. Linear regression showed age,...

At least 60 min of daily physical activity (PA) are recommended for weight control, a target achieved by only 3% obese (OB) women. The purposes this study were to examine (i) the affective responses normal-weight (NW), overweight (OW), and OB middle-aged sedentary women exercise increasing intensity (ii) relationship self-efficacy social physique anxiety. participated in graded treadmill protocol volitional exhaustion while providing ratings pleasure-displeasure perceived activation each...

Major depression shortens life while the effectiveness of frontline treatments remains modest. Exercise has been shown to be effective both in reducing mortality and treating symptoms major depression, but it is still underutilized clinical practice, possibly due prevalent misperceptions. For instance, a common misperception that exercise beneficial for mostly because its positive effects on body ("from neck down"), whereas core features up") underappreciated. Other long-held misperceptions...

There is a paucity of methods for improving the affective experience exercise. We tested novel method based on discoveries about relation between exercise intensity and pleasure, lessons from behavioral economics. examined effect reversing slope pleasure during negative to positive enjoyment, remembered forecasted pleasure. Forty-six adults were randomly assigned 15-min bout recumbent cycling either increasing (0-120% watts corresponding ventilatory threshold) or decreasing (120-0%). Ramping...