A5006450164- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- melanin and skin pigmentation
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Protein Degradation and Inhibitors
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Chemokine receptors and signaling
- Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Machine Learning in Bioinformatics
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
University of Michigan
2017-2024
Vanderbilt University
2016-2022
Michigan Medicine
2021
Washtenaw Community College
2018
Boston Children's Hospital
2014
Harvard University
2014
Brown University
2008-2013
Rhode Island Hospital
2008-2013
Sirt1 is an evolutionarily conserved NAD+ dependent deacetylase involved in a wide range of processes including cellular differentiation, apoptosis, as well metabolism, and aging. In this study, we investigated the role hypothalamic energy balance. Pharmacological inhibition or siRNA mediated knock down showed to decrease food intake body weight gain. Central administration specific melanocortin antagonist, SHU9119, reversed anorectic effect inhibition, suggesting that regulates through...
The ascending prevalence of obesity in recent decades is commonly associated with soaring morbidity and mortality rates, resulting increased health-care costs decreased quality life. A systemic state stress characterized by low-grade inflammation pathological formation reactive oxygen species (ROS) usually manifests obesity. transcription factor nuclear erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2) the master regulator redox homeostasis plays a critical role resolution inflammation. Here, we show that...
It was shown previously that abnormal prohormone processing or inactive proconverting enzymes are responsible for this cause profound obesity. Our laboratory demonstrated earlier in the diet-induced obesity (DIO) state, appetite-suppressing neuropeptide α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is reduced, yet mRNA of its precursor protein proopiomelanocortin (POMC) remained unaltered. also DIO condition promotes development endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and leptin resistance. In current...
The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis is a major contributor in maintaining energy expenditure and body weight, the adipocyte hormone leptin regulates this by increasing TRH levels fed state. Leptin stimulates directly hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN; direct pathway) indirectly regulating proopiomelnocortin neurons arcuate (ARC; indirect pathway). Whereas pathway fully functional lean animals, it inactive during diet-induced obesity (DIO) because of establishment...
Like most homeostatic systems, adiposity in mammals is defended between upper and lower boundary conditions. While leptin melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) signaling are required for defending energy set point, mechanisms controlling boundaries less well understood. In contrast to the MC4R, deletion of MC3R does not produce measurable hyperphagia or hypometabolism under normal However, we demonstrate that bidirectionally responses external challenges, such as caloric restriction calorie-rich...
Abstract Leptin signals to regulate food intake and energy expenditure under conditions of normative homeostasis. The central expression function leptin receptor B (LepRb) have been extensively studied during the past two decades; however, mechanisms by which LepRb signaling dysregulation contributes pathophysiology obesity remains unclear. paraventricular nucleus hypothalamus (PVN) plays a crucial role in regulating balance as well neuroendocrine axes. PVN regard regulation physiological...
Energy stores in fat tissue are determined part by the activity of hypothalamic neurones expressing melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R). Even a partial reduction MC4R expression levels mice, rats or humans produces hyperphagia and morbid obesity. Thus, it is great interest to understand molecular basis neuromodulation MC4R. The G protein-coupled that signals efficiently through GαS , this signalling pathway essential for normal function vivo. However, previous data from slice preparations...
Significance Cannabis is well known to regulate food intake, and cannabinoids increase the value of caloric non-caloric rewards, while also regulating homeostatic feeding. Here, we show that tonic endogenous cannabinoid signaling regulates melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) expressing paraventricular hypothalamic neurons through modulation their presynaptic inhibitory inputs in an energy state–dependent manner. Specifically, this 2-AG signal maximal during fasting collapses satiation. Impairing...
Haploinsufficiency of the melanocortin-4 receptor, most common monogenetic obesity syndrome in humans, is associated with a reduction autonomic tone, bradycardia, and incidence obesity-associated hypertension. Thus, it has been assumed that melanocortin may be protective respect to cardiovascular disease. We show here absence receptor (MC4R) mice causes dilated cardiomyopathy, characterized by reduced contractility increased left ventricular diameter. This cardiomyopathy independent as...
Work in recent decades has established that metabolic hormones released by endocrine cells and diverse other cell types serve to regulate nutrient intake energy homeostasis. Tsukushi (TSK) is a leucine-rich repeat-containing protein secreted primarily the liver exerts an inhibitory effect on brown fat sympathetic innervation thermogenesis. Despite this, physiological regulation of TSK mechanisms underlying its effects balance remain poorly understood. Here we show hepatic expression plasma...
The biogenesis of rat thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) involves the processing its precursor (proTRH) into five biologically active TRH peptides and several non-TRH where two them had been attributed potential biological functions. This process implicates 1) proper folding proTRH in endoplasmic reticulum after biosynthesis exit to Golgi apparatus beyond, 2) initial trans network and, 3) sorting proTRH-derived regulated secretory pathway. Previous studies have focused on elucidating...
Abstract Overweight and obesity are global concerns affecting nearly one third of the world population. These conditions characterized by increased adiposity accompanied a proportional increase in circulating leptin, an anorexigenic adipokine. Leptin is responsible for signaling peripheral energy status to central nervous system modulate food intake expenditure. As such, neurons within hypothalamus expressing long isoform leptin receptor (LepRb), type I cytokine receptor, primarily mediating...
Abstract The Expression of TBC1 Domain Family, member 4 (TBC1D4) in Skeletal Muscles Insulin-Resistant Mice Response to Sulforaphane. Background: Obesity is commonly accompanied by impaired glucose homeostasis. Decreased transport the peripheral tissues, mainly skeletal muscle, leads reduced total disposal and hyperglycemia. TBC1D4 gene involved trafficking GLUT4 outer cell membrane muscle. Sulforaphane (SFN) has been suggested as a new potential anti-diabetic compound acting reducing blood...