A5087183374- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies
- Marine and environmental studies
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction
- Geological formations and processes
- Nuclear physics research studies
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Archaeology and Historical Studies
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Paleopathology and ancient diseases
- Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History
- Historical and Archaeological Studies
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Archaeological and Geological Studies
University of Groningen
2016-2025
Leiden University
2012-2023
Dialyse Centrum Groningen
2002-2021
Research Institute of Human Morphology
2021
Russian Academy of Sciences
2021
Huisarts en Wetenschap
2021
University of Arizona
1996-2020
Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique
2020
University of Sheffield
2017
Australian National University
2017
The IntCal09 and Marine09 radiocarbon calibration curves have been revised utilizing newly available updated data sets from 14 C measurements on tree rings, plant macrofossils, speleothems, corals, foraminifera. were derived the using random walk model (RWM) used to generate Marine09, which has account for additional uncertainties error structures. new ratified at 21st International Radiocarbon conference in July 2012 are as Supplemental Material www.radiocarbon.org. database can be accessed...
ABSTRACT Radiocarbon ( 14 C) ages cannot provide absolutely dated chronologies for archaeological or paleoenvironmental studies directly but must be converted to calendar age equivalents using a calibration curve compensating fluctuations in atmospheric C concentration. Although curves are constructed from independently archives, they invariably require revision as new data become available and our understanding of the Earth system improves. In this volume international both Northern...
The focus of this paper is the conversion radiocarbon ages to calibrated (cal) for interval 24,000–0 cal BP (Before Present, 0 = AD 1950), based upon a sample set dendrochronologically dated tree rings, uranium-thorium corals, and varve-counted marine sediment. 14 C age–cal age information, produced by many laboratories, converted Δ profiles calibration curves, atmosphere as well oceans. We discuss offsets in measured l4 errors therein, regional differences, tree–coral comparisons time...
The IntCal04 and Marine04 radiocarbon calibration curves have been updated from 12 cal kBP (cal is here defined as thousands of calibrated years before AD 1950), extended to 50 kBP, utilizing newly available data sets that meet the IntCal Working Group criteria for pristine corals other carbonates quantification uncertainty in both 14 C calendar timescales established 2002. No change was made 0–12 kBP. were constructed using a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) implementation random walk model...
A new calibration curve for the conversion of radiocarbon ages to calibrated (cal) has been constructed and internationally ratified replace IntCal98, which extended from 0–24 cal kyr BP (Before Present, 0 = AD 1950). The data set terrestrial samples extends 0–26 BP, but with much higher resolution beyond 11.4 than IntCal98. Dendrochronologically-dated tree-ring cover period 0–12.4 BP. Beyond end tree rings, marine records (corals foraminifera) are converted atmospheric equivalent a...
New radiocarbon calibration curves, IntCal04 and Marine04, have been constructed internationally ratified to replace the terrestrial marine components of IntCal98. The new data sets extend an additional 2000 yr, from 0–26 cal kyr BP (Before Present, 0 = AD 1950), provide much higher resolution, greater precision, more detailed structure than For Marine04 curve, dendrochronologically-dated tree-ring samples, converted with a box diffusion model mixed-layer ages, cover period 0–10.5 BP. Beyond...
Three modes of reporting 14 C activities are in use, part analogous to the internationally accepted (IAEA) conventions for stable isotopes: (1) absolute activity , specific or per gram carbon; (2) ratio between a sample and standard; (3) relative difference standard material, activity. The basic definitions originate from decisions made by radiocarbon community at its past conferences. Stuiver Polach (1977) reviewed sought specify conventions. Several colleagues, however, have experienced...
More than 250 carbon-14 accelerator mass spectrometry dates of terrestrial macrofossils from annually laminated sediments Lake Suigetsu (Japan) provide a first atmospheric calibration for almost the total range radiocarbon method (45,000 years before present). The results confirm (recently revised) floating German pine chronology and are consistent with data European marine varved sediments, combined uranium-thorium dating corals up to Last Glacial Maximum. during show large fluctuations in...
This paper covers three different methods of matching radiocarbon dates to the ‘wiggles’ calibration curve in those situations where age difference between 14 C is known. These are most often applied tree-ring sequences. The simplest approach use a classical Chi-squared fit data curve. gives calendar date best and allows tests how good is. only drawback this method that it difficult ascertain uncertainty found way. An extension technique uses Monte-Carlo simulation sample possible...
The importance of chronology is reasserted as a means to achieving history and sense temporality. A range current methods for estimating the dates durations archaeological processes events are considered, including visual inspection graphs tables calibrated summing probability distributions dates. These approaches found wanting. Bayesian statistical framework introduced, worked example presents simulated radiocarbon demonstration explicit, quantified, probabilistic estimates now possible on...
Dating Carbon Radiocarbon dating is the best way to determine age of samples that contain carbon and are younger than ∼50,000 years, limit precision for method. There several factors complicate such determinations, however, some most important which include variability 14 C production in atmosphere (which affects organic whose radiocarbon inventories derived from atmospheric CO 2 ), surface ocean reservoir effects affect marine acquire their signatures seawater), variable dead fraction...
Virtually all well-documented remains of early domestic dog (Canis familiaris) come from the late Glacial and Holocene periods (ca. 14,000-9000 calendar years ago, cal BP), with few putative dogs found prior to Last Maximum (LGM, ca. 26,500-19,000 BP). The dearth pre-LGM dog-like canids incomplete state their preservation has until now prevented an understanding morphological features transitional forms between wild wolves domesticated in temporal perspective.We describe well-preserved a...
Modern humans have populated Europe for more than 45,000 years
The discovery of an early Upper Paleolithic human burial at the Abrigo do Lagar Velho, Portugal, has provided evidence modern humans from southern Iberia. remains, largely complete skeleton a ≈4-year-old child buried with pierced shell and red ochre, is dated to ca . 24,500 years B.P. cranium, mandible, dentition, postcrania present mosaic European Neandertal features. temporal bone intermediate-sized juxtamastoid eminence. mandibular mentum osseum dental size proportions, supported by ramal...
The 2002 discovery of a robust modern human mandible in the Peştera cu Oase, southwestern Romania, provides evidence early humans lower Danubian Corridor. Directly accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (14C)-dated to 34,000-36,000 14C years B.P., Oase 1 is oldest definite specimen Europe and perspectives on emergence evolution northwestern Old World. moderately long exhibits prominent tuber symphyseos overall proportions that place it close earlier Upper Paleolithic European specimens....
In this study we report on accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) wiggle-match dating of selected macrofossils from organic deposits ca . 800 cal bc ( 2650 bp). Based paleological, archaeological and geological evidence, found that the sharp rise atmospheric 14 C between 850 760 corresponds to following related phenomena: 1. European raised bog deposits, changing spectrum peat forming mosses a decline in decomposition indicate sudden change relatively dry warm cool, moist climatic conditions....
As a follow-up to the meeting of experts convened at International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in February 1989, and 14 C Workshop held Glasgow September Quality Assurance Program was formulated. In joint effort several radiocarbon teams IAEA staff, we have prepared set five new intercomparison materials. These are natural materials frequently used by laboratories. The were distributed 137 laboratories May 1990. 1991, Vienna evaluate results, determine activity samples expressed % Modern...
High-quality data from appropriate archives are needed for the continuing improvement of radiocarbon calibration curves. We discuss here basic assumptions behind 14 C dating that necessitate and relative strengths weaknesses which obtained. also highlight procedures, problems, uncertainties involved in determining atmospheric surface ocean C/ 12 these archives, including a discussion various methods used to derive an independent absolute timescale uncertainty. The types required current...
In Eurasia, the period between 40,000 and 30,000 BP saw replacement of Neandertals by anatomically modern humans (AMH) during after Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition. The human fossil record for this is very poorly defined with no overlap AMH on basis direct dates. Four new (14)C dates were obtained two adult from Spy (Belgium). results show that survived at least approximately 36,000 in Belgium fossils may be associated Lincombian-Ranisian-Jerzmanowician, a transitional techno-complex...
For the older part of radiocarbon dating range, IntCal13 curve provides “state art” for terrestrial calibration based on all available data. It is constructed from different records, each which by themselves could be used as a “comparison tool,” depending research objectives. This paper discusses pros and cons approaches that can taken when using 14 C dates this time range where agreement amongst underlying data sets poorer than in other periods. The discussion illustrated with example...