A5101653610- Williams Syndrome Research
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Congenital heart defects research
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Microbial Metabolism and Applications
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
National Institute of Mental Health
2014-2025
National Institutes of Health
2013-2024
United States Department of Health and Human Services
2009-2024
National Institute of Mental Health
2022-2023
University of Maryland, College Park
2021
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
2021
Cognitive Neuroimaging Lab
2016-2020
Wellcome Trust
2014
University of Michigan
2011
National Human Genome Research Institute
2011
Mutations in GBA, the gene encoding glucocerebrosidase, enzyme deficient Gaucher disease, are common risk factors for Parkinson as patients with disease over five times more likely to carry GBA mutations than healthy controls. Patients generally have an earlier onset of and cognitive impairment those without mutations. We investigated whether alter neurobiology studying brain dopamine synthesis resting regional cerebral blood flow 107 subjects (38 women, 69 men). measured 18F-fluorodopa...
Different cognitive development histories in schizophrenia may reflect variation across dimensions of genetic influence. The authors derived and characterized trajectory subgroups within a sample profiled the polygenic scores (PGSs) for schizophrenia, cognition, educational attainment, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Past studies in rodents have demonstrated circannual variation central dopaminergic activity as well a host of compelling interactions between melatonin—a scotoperiod-responsive neurohormone closely tied to seasonal adaptation—and dopamine the striatum and midbrain neuronal populations with striatal projections. In humans, effects been described for markers CSF postmortem brain, there exists range affective, psychotic, substance abuse disorders that associated both symptomatic fluctuations...
Before their disappearance from the fossil record approximately 40,000 years ago, Neanderthals, ancient hominin lineage most closely related to modern humans, interbred with ancestors of present-day humans. The legacy this gene flow persists through Neanderthal-derived variants that survive in human DNA; however, neural implications inheritance are uncertain. Here, using MRI a large cohort healthy individuals European-descent, we show amount Neanderthal-originating polymorphism carried...
The polygenic architecture of schizophrenia implicates several molecular pathways involved in synaptic function. However, it is unclear how risk funnels through these to translate into syndromic illness. Using tensor decomposition, we analyze gene co-expression the caudate nucleus, hippocampus, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex post-mortem brain samples from 358 individuals. We identify a set genes predominantly expressed nucleus associated with both clinical state genetic for that shows...
The human Val 66 Met single nucleotide polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) gene impacts signaling at cellular level. At neural-systems level, it is associated with differences prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampal function during performance of cognitive affective tasks. Because impact this variant on basal activity not known but may be relevant to understanding health disease, we studied 94 healthy individuals H 2 15 O PET assess regional cerebral blood flow...
Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the effect Sunday alcohol-sales policies on day-specifi c and overall alcohol consumption. Method: Individual-level data day-specific consumption from Canada's National Population Health Surveys, 1994-1999, were linked province-level policy variation in whether a sales restriction present. We compared individuals provinces with restrictions those without such restrictions, we estimated models used standard cross-section model as well...
Aim: To determine whether Neanderthal-derived genetic variation relates to functional connectivity patterns in the brains of living modern humans. Introduction: Nearly 50,000 years ago, Neanderthals interbred with ancestors humans, imparting a legacy that lives on today. The vestiges this have been previously shown be enriched genes coding for neurogenesis and myelination alter skull shape brain structure people. Materials Methods: Using two independent cohorts totaling 553 healthy...
Abstract Foraging behavior requires weighing costs of time to decide when leave one reward patch search for another. Computational and animal studies suggest that striatal dopamine is key this process; however, the specific role in foraging humans not well characterized. We use positron emission tomography (PET) imaging directly measure synthesis capacity D 1 2/3 receptor availability 57 healthy adults who complete a computerized task. Using voxelwise data principal component analysis...
Williams syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by hemizygous deletion of ∼1.6 Mb affecting 26 genes on chromosome 7 (7q11.23) and clinically typified two cognitive/behavioural hallmarks: marked visuospatial deficits relative to verbal non-verbal reasoning abilities hypersocial personality. Clear knowledge the circumscribed set that are affected in syndrome, along with well-characterized neurobehavioural phenotype, offers potential elucidate neurogenetic principles may apply genetically...
Abstract Schizophrenia has been hypothesized to be a human‐specific condition, but experimental approaches testing this idea have limited. Because Neanderthals, our closest evolutionary relatives, interbred with modern humans prior their disappearance from the fossil record, leaving residual echo that survives in DNA today, we leveraged new discoveries about ancient hominid explore hypothesis living people three converging ways. First, four independent case–control datasets totaling 9,362...