Superhydrophobic surfaces exhibit extreme water-repellent properties. These with high contact angle and low hysteresis also a self-cleaning effect drag for fluid flow. Certain plant leaves, such as lotus are known to be superhydrophobic due the hierarchical roughness of their leaf surfaces. The phenomenon is widely 'lotus effect'. can produced by using combined hydrophobic coatings. In this paper, micro- nanopatterned polymers on hydrophobicity reviewed. Silicon patterned pillars deposited...

The superhydrophobic and self-cleaning leaves of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera, Gaertn.) have been used as a model for the development artificial biomimetic surfaces. hierarchical structure leaf has recreated to characterize influence roughness on superhydrophobicity adhesion. Hierarchical structures were fabricated by fast precise molding microstructure, self-assembly natural wax deposited thermal evaporation create tubules nanostructures. Tubule formation was initiated exposure specimens solvent...

This review paper presents the diversity of plant surface structures from a single cell to multi-cellular sculptures. There is still no comprehensive book which provides an overview structures. article guide for description cellular and sub-cellular structures, include hairs, wax crystals folding. Biological surfaces are multifunctional boundary layers their environment. Functionally optimized one key innovations in more than 400 million years evolution land plants. In surface, micro-...

A novel mechanism for long-term air retention under water is found in the sophisticated surface design of fern Salvinia. Its floating leaves are evenly covered with complex hydrophobic hairs retaining a layer when submerged water. Surprisingly terminal cells hydrophilic. These hydrophilic patches stabilize by pinning air–water interface. This "Salvinia Effect" provides an innovative concept to develop biomimetic surfaces air-retention capabilities applications. © Martin Oeggerli /...

The hierarchical structured surface of the lotus (Nelumbo nucifera, Gaertn.) leaf provides a model for development biomimetic self-cleaning surfaces. On these water-repellent surfaces, water droplets move easily at low inclination and collect dirt particles adhering to surface. Flat hydrophilic hydrophobic, nanostructured, microstructured, superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated, systematic study wettability adhesion properties was carried out. influence contact angle hysteresis on by...

The cuticle is the main interface between plants and their environment. It covers epidermis of all aerial primary parts plant organs as a continuous extracellular matrix. This hydrophobic natural composite consists mainly biopolymer, cutin, cuticular lipids collectively called waxes, with high degree variability in composition structure. waxes exhibit multitude functions that enable life many different terrestrial habitats play important roles interfacial interactions. review highlights...

Nanoroughness is beneficial for superhydrophobicity and low adhesion. Self assembly of hydrophobic alkanes has been used to modify flat microstructured surfaces. Various nanostructures, produced by three-dimensional alkane crystals, have fabricated changing the crystal density. Microstructures were replication a micropatterned master surface applied as thin crystals create hierarchical structure. The fabrication technique provides flexibility in variety nano- structures. Fabricated...

Hierarchical roughness is beneficial for superhydrophobic and self-cleaning surfaces. Biomimetic hierarchical surfaces were fabricated by replication of a micropatterned master surface self-assembly two kinds tubular wax crystals, which naturally occur on the leaves Tropaeolum majus (L.) Leymus arenarius (L.). These tubule forming waxes are multicomponent waxes, composed mixture long chain hydrocarbons. Thermal evaporation was used to cover artificial with homogeneous layer formation...

We analyzed the fog collection efficiency of three different sets samples: replica (with and without microstructures), copper wire (smooth microgrooved) polyolefin mesh (hydrophilic, superhydrophilic hydrophobic). The samples was compared in each set separately to investigate influence microstructures and/or wettability surfaces on collection. Based controlled experimental conditions chosen here large differences were found. found that microstructured plant collected 2–3 times higher amounts...

The cuticle of terrestrial vascular plants and some bryophytes is covered with a complex mixture lipids, usually called epicuticular waxes. Self-assembly processes wax molecules lead to crystalline three-dimensional micro- nanostructures that emerge from an underlying film. This paper presents the first AFM study on regeneration surfaces living very early stages crystal formation at molecular level. Wax was analysed leaves Euphorbia lathyris, Galanthus nivalis, Ipheion uniflorum. Immediately...

Waxes consisting of hydrophobic and crystalline microstructures form multifunctional surfaces on a great number plants. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) chemical analysis extracted leaf waxes lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) showed that both species small tubules are composed mixture aliphatic compounds, principally nonacosanol nonacosanediols. Atomic force (AFM) SEM were used to study the recrystallization these wax technical surfaces. AFM studies provided...

Hierarchical roughness is beneficial for superhydrophobicity. Surfaces with microstructure, nanostructure, and hierarchical structure were fabricated by replication of micropattern self- assembly hydrophobic alkanes. The fabrication technique used a low cost two step process, which provides flexibility in the variety structures. Fabricated structures surface chemistry mimic surfaces superhydrophobic self-cleaning plant surfaces. influence on superhydrophobicity at different length scales...

Biological surfaces are multifunctional interfaces between the organisms and their environment. Properties such as wettability adhesion of particles linked to micro- nanostructures surfaces. In this study, we used plant artificial covered with wax crystals develop a low-cost replication technique high resolution. The is applicable for fragile surface structures, demonstrated three-dimensional crystals, fast prevent shrinking biological material by water loss during molding process. Thermal...

The cuticles of plants provide a multifunctional interface between the and their environments. cuticle, with its associated waxes, is protective layer that minimizes water loss by transpiration provides several functions, such as hydrophobicity, light reflection absorption harmful radiation. self-healing voids in epicuticular wax has been studied 17 living atomic force microscopy (AFM), process film formation described. Two modes formation, concentric striped were found, multilayer...

Abstract All published information on the Andean Velloziaceae is summarized and augmented by our own data obtained revision of herbarium material, studies cultivated plants observations in field. A new species from central Andes within department Santa Cruz, Bolivia, described illustrated. Vellozia andina sp. nov. distinguished by, among other characteristics, short, stout trigonous stems irregular pollen aggregates more than eight grains. Habitat ecology taxon are described. This first...