Along with worldwide urbanization, upheavals in habitat and temperature are major threats for biodiversity. However, due to their interdependence, relative roles as drivers of animal community composition remain entangled. Here, we investigated how taxonomic functional compositions arthropod communities were related uncorrelated gradients, compared landscape (i.e., Urban Heat Island (UHI)) local variables vegetation height cover, near-ground temperature). We sampled 20,499 spiders (137...

Abstract In the context of river alteration, ecologists are asked to develop tools for assessment integrity. Fish known be good bioindicators ecological condition rivers. The Loire basin (France) is often considered as relatively little impacted compared most other large European systems. But curiously, no study clearly addressed question fish assemblages patterns in this system order assess status. Thus, we studied along network using self‐organizing maps (SOMs) and built a typology. Four...

Abstract Urban ecosystems exhibit altered environmental conditions compared to the rural surroundings, including higher temperatures, so‐called urban heat island (UHI) effect. Along urbanisation gradients, temperature variations occur at various scales ranging from landscape microhabitat, with possible consequences on living organisms. As ectothermic animals, arthropods are particularly affected by UHIs because warming may directly induce physiological effects their metabolism. Body size is...

Abstract We investigated the interacting impacts of urban landscape and gardening practices on species richness total abundance communities common butterfly across France, using data from a nationwide monitoring scheme. show that urbanization has strong negative impact but at local scale, such could be mitigated by favoring nectar offer. found few interactions among these scale effects, indicating butterfly‐friendly are efficient whatever level surrounding urbanization. further highlight...

Theory predicts a nonlinear response of dispersal evolution to habitat fragmentation. First, will be favoured in line with both decreasing area patches and increasing inter-patch distances. Next, once these distances exceed critical threshold, counter-selected, unless essential resources no longer co-occur compact but are differently scattered; colonization empty or rescue declining populations then increasingly overruled by costs like mortality risks loss time energy. However, date, most...

Summary The life histories of freshwater fish are widely studied because they represent fundamental determinants population performances. However, a gap remains in our understanding how species traits may predispose to extinction changing environment. In this study, based on large data set provided by the French National Agency for Water and Aquatic Environment (325 sites), we analysed factors that explain probability local 40 across rivers. A total five characterised demography species,...

Abstract Landscape connectivity is a key process for the functioning and persistence of spatially‐structured populations in fragmented landscapes. Butterflies are particularly sensitive to landscape change excellent model organisms study connectivity. Here, we infer functional from assessment selection different elements highly Île‐de‐France region (France). Firstly measured butterfly preferences Large White (Pieris brassicae) using individual release experiments. Secondly, used an...

Background The metacommunity framework is crucial to the study of functional relations along environmental gradients. Changes in resource grain associated with increasing habitat fragmentation should generate uncoupled responses interacting species contrasted dispersal abilities. Methodology/Principal Findings Here we tested whether intensity parasitism was modified by well know predator-prey system linking parasitoid Cotesia glomerata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) its main host Pieris brassicae...

Environmental factors may cause synchronous density variations between populations. A better understanding of the processes underlying synchrony is fundamental to predicting resilience loss in metapopulations subject environmental change. The present study investigated determinants time series three age groups resident brown trout (Salmo trutta) (0+, 1+, and adults) 36 stream reaches. Mantel tests were implemented disentangle relative effects on geographical proximity, key variables...

Abstract Alteration of natural river flow regimes is a major threat to freshwater biodiversity. Restoration requires an understanding linked hydrological and ecological processes. In this study, we investigated how annual seasonal characteristics physical habitat attributes could interact explain yearly changes in brown trout population densities (for 0+ fish, corresponding the young year, for >0+ age class) 112 sites widespread France. Using information theoretic approach general linear...

Abstract One of the major current ecological challenges is to understand how reconcile human activities with biodiversity conservation concerns. This issue particularly relevant in freshwater ecosystems where globally under severe threat. Artificial waterbodies, such as ditch networks, are part few remaining wetlands agricultural landscapes and hence play a crucial role maintaining aquatic these landscapes. We investigated responses adult Odonata assemblages at different spatial scales...

There are serious concerns about the ecological degradation caused by modern agriculture and its impact on top-chains predators. But, scientists still disagree how to assess which winners losers of Anthropocene biodiversity changes. In this field research, many studies have been carried out passerine birds but long-term ones, especially raptors, missing. Our study reports a twelve-year survey two diurnal common raptors (the Buzzard, Buteo buteo Eurasian kestrel, Falco tinnunculus) facing...

Citizen science (CS) is now very popular in ecology. The number of scientific publications referencing CS has increased steadily over the past 15 years, with more than 1150 today. However, multiplicity research involved suggests that this highly underestimated. Based on paradox, a literature review shows while its formalization 2009 facilitated referencing, about 70% are not referenced using as keyword. To understand under-representation, an analysis 149 related to famous Christmas Bird...

Abstract Dispersal is a determining step in the life cycle of insects and key factor their energy budget. If body stores terrestrial are relatively well‐documented, those merolimnic (i.e., with aquatic larvae winged adults) remain poorly investigated. We assayed (protein, carbohydrate lipid contents) 18 families insects, encompassing wide diversity biological ecological traits. highlighted allometry between mass. The proportion triglyceride free decreases an increase absolute insect mass,...

BackgroundPredicting which species are likely to go extinct is perhaps one of the most fundamental yet challenging tasks for conservation biologists. This particularly relevant freshwater ecosystems tend have highest proportion threatened with extinction. According metapopulation theories, local extinction and colonization rates subpopulations can depend on degree regional occupancy, notably due rescue effects. However, relationships between extinction, colonization, occupancy spatial scales...

Abstract Few long‐term, large‐scale studies have been conducted about the factors likely to explain changes in species abundance and distribution winter. Range shifts are generally attributed climate change or land use. This study shows that other such as protection ensuing increasing numbers of individuals competition could be involved. It details progressive conquest France, most important European wintering area for great cormorant, three decades its legal by EU Birds Directive. is based...