A5019875252- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
- Noise Effects and Management
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Structural Health Monitoring Techniques
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Speech and Audio Processing
- Acoustic Wave Phenomena Research
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Blind Source Separation Techniques
- Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation
- Plant and animal studies
- Vehicle Noise and Vibration Control
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Music and Audio Processing
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Neural Networks and Applications
- Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
McGill University
2015-2024
Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center
2010-2024
Baylor College of Medicine
1996-2024
Griffith University
2019
University of Dayton
2016-2017
Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research
2013-2015
University of Manchester
2013-2015
Green University of Bangladesh
2013
Hospital for Special Surgery
2008
Cornell University
1964-2008
The evidentiary basis of the currently accepted classification living amphibians is discussed and shown not to warrant degree authority conferred on it by use tradition. A new taxonomy proposed correct deficiencies old one. This based largest phylogenetic analysis Amphibia so far accomplished. We combined comparative anatomical character evidence Haas (2003) with DNA sequences from mitochondrial transcription unit H1 (12S 16S ribosomal RNA tRNAValine genes, ≈ 2,400 bp sequences) nuclear...
Amphibians are frequently characterized as having limited dispersal abilities, strong site fidelity and spatially disjunct breeding habitat. As such, pond‐breeding species often alleged to form metapopulations. Amphibian worldwide appear be suffering population level declines caused, at least in part, by the degradation fragmentation of habitat intervening areas between patches. If simplification amphibians occupying metapopulations is accurate, then a regionally based conservation strategy,...
Frequency discrimination was measured for frequencies from 200 to 8000 Hz and sensation levels 5 80 dB using pulsed sinusoids as stimuli in an adaptive two-interval force-choice psychophysical procedure. An analysis of variance indicated significant effects frequency level, the interaction between level. The effect level is greatest at low decreases high frequenices, being quite small Hz. data are used evaluate predictions current theoretical models.
Intensity discrimination was measured for pulsed sinusoids of various frequencies (200–8000 Hz) and sensation levels (5–80 dB). The data all were fitted by a single function, ΔI/I=0.463 (I/I0)−0.072, where I0 is intensity at threshold, I the tone, ΔI increment needed to obtain 71% correct in two-interval forced-choice adaptive procedure. form this function good agreement with reported comparable studies but differs markedly from Riesz [Phys. Rev. 31, 867–875 (1928)]. An analysis actual...
Since amphibian declines were first proposed as a global phenomenon over quarter century ago, the conservation community has made little progress in halting or reversing these trends. The early search for "smoking gun" was replaced with expectation that are caused by multiple drivers. While field observations and experiments have identified factors leading to increased local extinction risk, evidence effects of drivers is lacking at large spatial scales. Here, we use 389 time-series 83...
Molecular phylogenies have yielded strong support for many parts of the amphibian Tree Life, but poor resolution deeper nodes, including relationships among families and orders. To clarify these relationships, we provide a phylogenomic perspective on by developing taxon-specific Anchored Hybrid Enrichment protocol targeting hundreds conserved exons which are effective across class. After obtaining data from 220 loci 286 species (representing 94% 44% genera), estimate phylogeny extant...
By conventional spike count measures, auditory neurons in the cat's anterior ectosylvian sulcus cortical area are broadly tuned for location of a sound source. Nevertheless, an artificial neural network was trained to classify temporal patterns single according location. The 73 percent coded with more than twice chance level accuracy, and consistently carried information counts alone. In contrast that sharply location, these appear encode locations throughout 360° azimuth.
Abstract: Climate changes may be influencing the breeding patterns of certain organisms. Effects on activities could eventually lead to significant in population structure that reflected declines species are especially sensitive, such as some amphibians. Thus, climate have affected timing European amphibian species. To further test whether reproductive cycles temperate countries responding changes, we conducted an analysis phenology four North American anurans for which long‐term data sets....
Abstract: Emerging infectious diseases may be contributing to the global decline of amphibian populations. In particular, chytridiomycosis, a cutaneous fungal infection amphibians caused by chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis , gained attention in 1990s as an apparently new pathogen. This fungus has been implicated causative agent widespread mortalities among wild geographically disparate parts world. To investigate distribution, historical occurrence, and infectiousness this pathogen, we...
A maximum-likelihood procedure for estimating threshold values in a yes–no task is presented. In computer simulations of this procedure, it demonstrated that the variability estimates little affected by density hypotheses tested fixed range, or serious misestimates slope psychometric functions. The value also largely independent starting signal. standard deviation appears to decrease with square root number trials, 2- 3-dB possible if only 12 trials are used estimates. Data presented using...
Changes in sound pressures measured the ear canal are reported for broadband sources positioned at various locations about subject. These location-dependent one source of acoustical cues localization by human listeners. Sound were tested with horizontal and vertical resolution 10 degrees. levels miniature microphones placed inside two canals. Although amplitude spectra varied position microphone canal, it is shown that directional sensitivity any particular frequency stimulus independent...
Recent studies suggest that reperfusion promotes healing of formerly ischemic heart tissue even when myocardial salvage is no longer possible. Since monocyte-macrophage infiltration the hallmark infarct, we have attempted to identify mechanisms attract monocytes into after canine myocardium.Isolated autologous 99mTc-labeled mononuclear leukocytes injected left atrium localized preferentially in previously myocardium within first hour reperfusion. Histological revealed CD64+ small venules and...
Measurements of the detectability a noise signal in are reported this paper. Parameters such as band width, duration, and center frequency investigated. The results compared with an optimum-detection model. For some constant equation generated by model one constant, attenuation factor, closely fit experimental data over major range parameters. area discrepancy between is shape psycho-physical function. Implications for critical-band mechanism also discussed.
This paper presents a fairly complete review of detection theory as it is applied to certain psychoacoustic data. Detection treated combination two theoretical structures: decision and the concept ideal observer. The discusses how statistical has been used analyze auditory threshold process. By treating process an instance hypothesis testing, determinants are recognized: (1) detectability signal (2) criterion level provides technic analysis which allows one obtain quantitative estimate both...
A multiple regression analysis of sequential effects in magnitude estimation and absolute identification is presented as an alternative to the approach used by Lockhead his students. The new indicates that do not extend over more than one trial. This agreement with response ratio hypothesis. detailed these correlation between successive responses heavily dependent on decibel difference signals. hypothesis, hypothesis reformulated take account this finding. modification model tested comparing...
In adaptive psychophysical procedures, the stimulus should be presented at a relatively high level rather than near middle of psychometric function, which is often defined as ‘‘threshold’’ value. For some functions, optimal placement produces 84% to 94% correct responses in two-alternative forced-choice task. This result disquieting because popular two-down one-up rule tracks low percentage responses, 70.7%. Computer simulations and variety functions were used confirm validity this analysis....
Early experiments in profile analysis Intensity discrimination Discrimination of a change intensity level for sinusoidal signals Some properties Frequency and relative effects Training dynamic Two theories analysis.
An observer's decision in a psychoacoustic detection experiment is governed by two broad classes of determinants: (1) external determinants, such as the likelihood particular waveform being signal noise, and (2) internal momentary state nervous system, his response biases, or biases to certain sequences responses. The aim study was determine, via measure consistency, relative contribution these factors. To achieve this end, audio information presented during sequence two‐alternative...
Individual subjects' performance was examined for cross-modality matching (CMM) of loudness to visual area, as well magnitude estimation (ME) the component continua. Average exponents power functions relating response stimulus intensity were .73 .20 loudness, and 2.44 CMM. Predictions CMM exponent based on ME higher than empirical values, whereas more accurate predictions made from production obtained in a previous study. Sequential dependencies assessed by comparing trial n n--1. The...
The object of this study was to determine how signal amplitude and duration effect the detectability a pure tone partially masked by random noise. If are considered two dimensions in space, attempted surface space. To accomplish task three experiments were conducted with same observers each experiment. In first experiment held constant while varied. second energy various pairs values tested. Finally, A parameter equation determined which provided reasonable fit plane duration. equations...