Abstract Having recognized the limitations in spatial representativeness and/or temporal coverage of (i) current ground ET a observations and (ii) land surface model‐ remote sensing‐based estimates due to uncertainties soil vegetation parameters, calibration‐free nonlinear complementary relationship (CR) model is employed with inputs air dew‐point temperature, wind speed, net radiation estimate 0.1°, monthly over China during 1982–2012. The modeled rates were first validated against 13...

Abstract While large‐scale terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) information is essential for our understanding of the Earth's water and energy cycles, substantial differences exist in current global ET products due partly to uncertainties soil‐ vegetation‐related parameters and/or precipitation forcing. Here a calibration‐free complementary relationship (CR) model, driven purely by routine meteorological forcing (air dew‐point temperature, wind speed, net radiation), mainly from ERA5, was...

Abstract An important scaling consideration is introduced into the formulation of complementary relationship (CR) land surface evapotranspiration (ET) by specifying maximum possible evaporation rate ( E pmax ) a small water body (or wet patch) as result adiabatic drying from prevailing near‐neutral atmospheric conditions. In dimensionless form CR therefore becomes y B = f x X 2 − 3 , where ET/ p w / . wet‐environment given Priestley‐Taylor equation, same for which specified and estimated...

Abstract Monthly evapotranspiration (ET) rates for 1979–2015 were estimated by the latest, calibration‐free version of complementary relationship (CR) evaporation over conterminous United States. The results compared to similar estimates three land surface models (Noah, VIC, Mosaic), two reanalysis products (National Centers Environmental Protection Reanalysis II, ERA‐Interim), remote‐sensing‐based (Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model, Penman‐Monteith‐Leuning) algorithms, and spatially...

Given increasing demands on finite water supplies, accurate estimates of evapotranspiration (LE) from arid shrublands the Southwestern United States are needed to develop or refine basin budgets. In this work, a novel approach estimating equilibrium (or wet environment) surface temperature ( T e ) and LE regionally extensive phreatophyte is tested using complementary theory micrometeorological data collected five eddy correlation stations located in eastern Nevada. A symmetric relationship...

Abstract Recent research into the complementary relationship (CR) between actual and apparent potential evaporation has resulted in numerous alternative forms for CR. Inspired by Brutsaert (2015), who derived a general CR form y = function ( x ), where is ratio of to evaporation, an equation proposed calculate value at which goes zero, denoted min . The varies even individual observation site, but can be calculated using only data required Penman (1948) as expressed here, so no calibration...

Abstract The complementary relationship (CR) of evapotranspiration allows the estimation actual rate ( ET a ) land surface using only routine meteorological data, which is great importance in Tibetan Plateau (TP) due to its sparse observation network. With highest situ automatic climate system typical semiarid alpine steppe region TP, wind function Penman was replaced by one based on Monin‐Obukhov Similarity theory for calculating potential p ); Priestley‐Taylor coefficient, α , estimated...

Abstract Quantitative estimation of actual evapotranspiration (ET a ) by in situ measurements and mathematical modeling is fundamental task for physical understanding ET as well the feedback mechanisms between land ambient atmosphere. However, information Tibetan Plateau (TP) has been greatly impeded extremely sparse ground observation network region. Approaches estimating solely from routine meteorological variables are therefore important investigating spatiotemporal variations data‐scarce...

Abstract The physical–chemical characteristics of different types flours are essential for understanding their composition, nutritional value, and functional properties as well. aim this research was to identify the variability wheat available in Romania. In study 39 were selected following parameters analyzed laboratory: moisture content, ash gluten content (wet dry) wet spreading. tested classified into four classes according content: 480 (ash 0.48%) (N = 11), 550 (0.55%) 9), 650 (0.65%)...

A technique for baseflow separation is presented based on similarity solutions of the Boussinesq equation. The method makes use simplifying assumptions that a horizontal impermeable layer underlies Dupuit aquifer which drained by fully penetrating stream. value maximum as well recession hydrograph can be estimated fitting analytical equation to observed discharge values individual flood events. For rising limb linear function assumed simplicity. first demonstrated three watersheds total five...

The recession flow analysis of Brutsaert and Nieber [1977] extended by Troch et al. [1993] to estimate aquifer parameters (saturated hydraulic conductivity mean depth) is examined means a numerical model. It found be reliable for the estimation catchment‐scale saturated depth. Increasing complexity synthetic watershed had no impact on accuracy estimated parameters.

New theoretical considerations indicate that the complementary relationship (CR) of evaporation is inherently asymmetric when time rate change between actual and apparent potential evaporations considered. The theory also estimates extent this asymmetry as a function surface temperature predicts symmetric CR, independent temperature, can only be expected no energy exchange source process its surroundings occurs, rather unrealistic situation. derived CR employed for operational estimations....

The simultaneous thermodynamic pathways (i.e., isenthalps) of the air at measurement height and vegetated land surface under isobaric adiabatic wetting/drying cycles environment make it possible to define actual evaporation rate with help three (one measured two derived) vapor pressure (and corresponding temperature) terms. From first-order approximation about constancy relative average speed which isenthalps are travelled during drying out environment, a non-dimensional, linear form...