A5007676537- Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Cultural Differences and Values
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Organic Food and Agriculture
- Urban Agriculture and Sustainability
- Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Health, psychology, and well-being
- Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
- Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Sleep and related disorders
- Global Maternal and Child Health
Yale University
2013-2025
University of California, San Francisco
2015-2024
Toronto Metropolitan University
2008-2024
University of San Francisco
2022
Universidade Federal do Pará
2020-2022
University of California, Berkeley
2022
Navrongo Health Research Centre
2022
Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration
2022
La Sierra University
2022
University of Kentucky
2022
It has been suggested that people engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) because they (a) experience heightened physiological arousal following stressful events and use NSSI to regulate experienced distress (b) have deficits their social problem-solving skills interfere with the performance of more adaptive responses. However, objective behavioral data supporting this model are lacking. The authors compared adolescent self-injurers (n = 62) noninjurers 30) found showed higher reactivity...
The extent to which stigmatized interaction partners engender perceivers' threat reactions (i.e., stigma-threat hypothesis) was examined. Experiments 1 and 2 included the manipulation of stigma using facial birthmarks. Experiment 3 manipulations race socioeconomic status. Threat responses were measured physiologically, behaviorally, subjectively. Perceivers interacting with exhibited cardiovascular reactivity consistent poorer performance compared participants nonstigmatized partners, who...
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects presence friends, spouses, and pets on cardiovascular reactivity psychological physical stress.Cardiovascular examined among 240 married couples, half whom owned a pet. Mental arithmetic cold pressor were performed in one four randomly assigned social support conditions: alone, with pet or friend (friend present for non-pet owners), spouse, spouse pet/friend.Relative people without pets, had significantly lower heart rate blood pressure...
Researchers have theorized that changing the way we think about our bodily responses can improve physiological and cognitive reactions to stressful events. However, underlying processes through which mental states downstream outcomes are not well understood. To this end, examined whether reappraising stress-induced arousal could cardiovascular decrease attentional bias for emotionally negative information. Participants were randomly assigned either a reappraisal condition in they instructed...
Objectives. We sought to demonstrate that individuals who anticipate interacting with a prejudiced cross-race/ethnicity partner show an exacerbated stress response, as measured through both self-report and hemodynamic vascular responses, compared anticipating nonprejudiced partner. Methods. Through questionnaire exchange White interaction (a confederate) Latina participants learned their had racial/ethnic biased or egalitarian attitudes. reported cognitive emotional states, cardiovascular...
The authors examined White and Black participants' emotional, physiological, behavioral responses to same-race or different-race evaluators, following rejecting social feedback accepting feedback. As expected, in ingroup interactions, the observed deleterious rejection benign acceptance. Deleterious included cardiovascular (CV) reactivity consistent with threat states poorer performance, whereas CV challenge better performance. In intergroup however, a more complex pattern of emerged. Social...
Individuals who violate expectations increase uncertainty during social interactions. Three experiments explored whether expectancy-violating partners engender "threat" responses in perceivers. Participants interacted with confederates violated or confirmed while multiple measures were assessed, including cardiovascular reactivity, task performance, appraisals, and behavior. In Experiments 1 2, participants White Latino described their family backgrounds as either high low socioeconomic...
Diverse lines of evidence point to a basic human aversion physically harming others. First, we demonstrate that unwillingness endorse harm in moral dilemma is predicted by individual differences aversive reactivity, as indexed peripheral vasoconstriction. Next, tested the specific factors elicit response harm. Participants performed actions such discharging fake gun into face experimenter, fully informed were pretend and harmless. These simulated harmful increased vasoconstriction...
Contrary to lay beliefs, physiological changes that co-occur with stress are not necessarily bad. Much can be done during stressful experiences promote adaptive responses. In this article, we review recent research on one method for improving acute responses: reappraising arousal. A growing body of suggests cognitive appraisals powerful tools help shift negative states more positive ones. Arousal reappraisal instructs individuals think arousal as a tool helps maximize performance. By...
Emotions are not simply concepts that live privately in the mind, but rather affective states emanate from individual and may influence others. We explored affect contagion context of one closest dyadic units, mother infant. initially separated mothers infants; randomly assigned to experience a stressful positive-evaluation task, negative-evaluation or nonstressful control task; then reunited infants. Three notable findings were obtained: First, infants’ physiological reactivity mirrored...
We present a consensus-based checklist to improve and document the transparency of research reports in social behavioural research. An accompanying online application allows users complete form generate report that they can submit with their manuscript or post public repository.
The authors conducted an experiment to test a theoretical explanation of social facilitation based on the biopsychosocial model challenge and threat. Participants mastered 1 2 tasks subsequently performed either (i.e., well-learned) or unlearned task alone with audience while cardiovascular responses were recorded. Cardiovascular participants performing well-learned in presence others fit pattern increased cardiac response decreased vascular resistance), whereas threat confirming authors'...
Historical and empirical data have linked artistic creativity to depression other affective disorders. This study examined how vulnerability experiencing negative affect, measured with biological products, intense emotions influenced creativity. The authors assessed participants' baseline levels of an adrenal steroid (dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, or DHEAS), previously depression, as a measure vulnerability. They then manipulated emotional responses by randomly assigning participants...
This research examined the extent to which minority or “devalued” group members engendered threat reactions from interaction partners. Participants' cardiovascular responses marking challenge and were obtained during social interactions with White Black confederates who described their background as either socioeconomically advantaged disadvantaged. Main effects for race status found. When interacting disadvantaged confederates, participants exhibited responses, whereas primarily responses....
We compared how evaluations by out-group members and in-group affected participants' stress responses—their neuroendocrine reactivity, cognitive appraisals, observed anxiety—and implicit racial bias moderated these responses. Specifically, White participants completed measures of prior to the experiment. During experiment, performed speech serial subtraction tasks in front or Black interviewers. Several saliva samples were obtained, they assayed for catabolic (“breaking down”) anabolic...
People frequently make decisions under stress. Understanding how stress affects decision making is complicated by the fact that not all responses are created equal. Challenge states, for example, occur when individuals appraise a stressful situation as demanding, but believe they have personal resources to cope, and characterized efficient cardiovascular reactivity approach motivation. Threat in contrast, situational demands perceived outweigh less withdrawal We randomly assigned...
Problem: Urban agriculture has potential to make cities more socially and ecologically sustainable, but planners have not had effective policy levers encourage this. Purpose: We aim learn how use land inventories identify city with the for urban in order plan sustainable communities by answering two questions: Do enable integration of into planning policymaking? advance both ecological social dimensions local sustainability agendas? Methods: case studies Pacific Northwest (Portland, Oregon,...
Conditioning studies on humans and other primates show that fear responses acquired toward danger-relevant stimuli, such as snakes, resist extinction, whereas danger-irrelevant birds, are more readily extinguished. Similar evolved biases may extend to human groups, recent research demonstrates a conditioned response faces of persons social out-group resists in-group is Here, we provide an important extension previous work by demonstrating this fear-extinction bias occurs solely when the...