The neural crest of vertebrate embryos gives rise to a variety differentiated cell types, including neuronal and non-neuronal cells peripheral ganglia (sensory autonomic), pigment cells, mesectodermal derivatives. Neural were taken from quail at the level encompassing mesencephalon metencephalon developmental potentials evaluated by culturing them as single on 3T3 feeder layers. Such conditions proved be particularly favorable for survival, proliferation, differentiation cells. Two hundred...

ABSTRACT The cephalic neural crest (NC) of vertebrate embryos yields a variety cell types belonging to the neuronal, glial, melanocytic and mesectodermal lineages. Using clonal cultures quail migrating NC cells, we demonstrated that neurons glial cells peripheral nervous system can originate from same progenitors as cartilage, one derivatives NC. Moreover, obtained evidence contains few highly multipotent precursors are common neurons, glia, cartilage pigment which interpreté representative...

In the vertebrate embryo, Schwann cells lining peripheral nerves originate from neural crest (NC), a structure that also gives rise to ganglion satellite cells, most of neurons nervous system, melanocytes, and part cranial mesenchyme. We have studied emergence cell lineage in vitro clonal cultures quail mesencephalic NC by using myelin protein antigen as an early specific marker for myelinating nonmyelinating cells. After 13-16 days culture, numerous clones contained protein-positive...

Medical students' career intentions often change between matriculation and graduation, yet little is known about the precise timing dynamics of individual decisions. This study expands on previous research by exploring stability over four years analyzing associations unstable characteristics.Medical students from two classes were recruited into a cohort during their first academic year completed yearly survey four-year period (end pre-clinical curriculum to graduation). Measures included...

Good teaching requires spontaneous, immediate, and appropriate action in response to various situations. It is even more crucial problem-based learning (PBL) tutorials, as the tutors, while directing students toward identification attainment of objectives, must stimulate them contribute process provide with constructive feedback. PBL tutors medicine lack opportunities receive feedback from their peers on strategies. Moreover, tutorials little or no time stop think, could be learned by...

Abstract Background Medical schools can contribute to the insufficient primary care physician workforce by influencing students’ career preferences. Primary choice evolves between matriculation and graduation is influenced several individual contextual factors. This study explored longitudinal dynamics of intentions association motives for becoming doctors with these in a cohort undergraduate medical students followed over four-year period. Methods The sample consisted from two classes...

In many countries, the number of graduating medical students pursuing a primary care career does not meet demand. These countries face physician shortages. Students' choices have been widely studied, yet aspects this process remain unclear. Conceptual models are useful to plan research and educational interventions in such complex systems.The authors developed framework choice undergraduate education, which expands on previously published models. They used group-based, iterative approach...

Students’ approaches to learning are central the process of learning. Previous research has revealed that influencing students’ towards deep is a complex and seems much more difficult than expected, even in student-activating environments. There evidence impacted not only by environment, but also how students perceive it. However nature links between environment itself, way which it perceived poorly understood. This study aimed at investigating relationships perception their educational...

Abstract To purify satellite cells directly from human muscle biopsies, we have developed a method based on size separation of dissociated by flow cytometry. Immediately after tryptic dissociation biopsies and elimination erythrocytes, microscopic observation cytometry analysis cell suspensions revealed two populations differing in nucleocytoplasmic ratio. Clonal cultures these types with manual procedure demonstrated that only the small were myogenic cells. Flow cytometry‐sorting population...

Empathy plays a pivotal role in healthcare professions, influencing patient satisfaction and treatment outcomes. Understanding the determinants of empathy medical students is essential. However, findings from previous studies have been inconsistent. We hypothesized that part this variability may be attributed to influence geo-sociocultural context. In study, we aimed compare longitudinal four cohorts two distinct backgrounds. This study included 199 Porto Alegre, Brazil Geneva, Switzerland...

1. A voltage‐dependent proton current, IH, was studied in cultured myotubes obtained from biopsies of human muscle, using whole‐cell recording with the patch‐clamp technique. 2. With a pHo 8.0 and calculated pHi 6.3, IH activated at voltages more depolarized than ‐50 mV its conductance reached maximum value +10 mV. 3. Studies reversal potential during substitution K+, Na+, Ca2+, Cl‐, Cs+ H+ extracellular solution indicated that protons were major charge carriers IH. 4. also voltage step to...

We have evaluated needle muscle biopsies in 220 patients with various neuromuscular disorders, using a method developed previously at Tuft's University. The uses 14-gauge propelled by an automatic device. An average of 3.5 samplings were taken per patient. Muscle samples used for histological and molecular genetic analysis, the isolation satellite cells vitro cultures. biopsy is well tolerated who never declined multiple samplings. Complications few minor, no sequelae. In most cases small...

Several medical education studies suggest that deep approaches to learning (DA) are associated with better academic performance, whereas surface (SA) worse performance. However, no study has assessed how these change at the individual level during undergraduate training and trajectories contribute We patterns of in throughout five years determine whether DA SA evolve curriculum initial levels rates predict performance Year 5. Hypotheses: hypothesized (1) students have a higher preference for...

1. Fusion of myogenic cells is important for muscle growth and repair. The aim this study was to examine the possible involvement nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in fusion process myoblasts derived from postnatal human satellite cells. 2. Acetylcholine‐activated currents (ACh currents) were characterized pure preparations freshly isolated cells, proliferating myoblasts, triggered fuse myotubes, using whole‐cell single‐channel voltage clamp recordings. Also, effect cholinergic...

A consistent body of literature highlights the importance a broader approach to select medical school candidates both assessing cognitive capacity and individual characteristics. However, selection in great number schools worldwide is still based on knowledge exams, procedure that might neglect students with needed personal characteristics for future practice. We investigated whether profile selected through knowledge-based exam differed from those not selected.Students applying (N=311)...

Increasing primary care's attractiveness as a career choice is an important task of socially accountable medical schools. Research has broadly studied influences on students' choice. However, deeper understanding the processes behind decision-making could support schools in their efforts to promote care careers.

Effective faculty development workshops are essential to develop and sustain the quality of faculty's teaching. In an integrated problem-based curriculum, tutors expressed needs further their skills in facilitating students’ content learning small-group functioning. Based on authors’ prior observations that tutors’ performance depends teaching context, a workshop was designed not only tailored but also organized within respective unit. The purposes this study (1) evaluate whether is...

ProblemTruth-telling is an important component of respect for patients' self-determination, but in the context breaking bad news, it also a distressing and difficult task.InterventionWe investigated long-term influence simulated patient-based teaching intervention, integrating learning objectives communication skills ethics into students' attitudes concerns regarding truth-telling. We followed two cohorts medical students from preclinical third year to their clinical rotations (fifth year)....