A manifestly covariant and local canonical operator formalism of non-Abelian gauge theories is presented in its full detail. This formalism, applicable to Yang-Mills as well gravity, not only provides us a transparent understanding the scattering theoretical aspects, but also makes it possible discuss other important problems directly related (Heisenberg) operators state vectors: As for former, physical S-matrix unitarity proved quite generally on basis representation algebra BRS charge,...

We suggest that the $\ensuremath{\rho}$ meson is a dynamical gauge boson of hidden local symmetry in non-linear chiral Lagrangian. The origin $\ensuremath{\rho}$-meson mass understood as Higgs mechanism symmetry. low-energy dynamics $\ensuremath{\rho}$, $\ensuremath{\pi}$, and matter fields, including Kawarabayashi-Suzuki-Riazuddin-Fayyazuddin relation $\ensuremath{\rho}$-coupling universality, consistently described this new framework. electromagnetic interaction can be introduced unique...

We present general solutions to the Wess-Zumino anomaly equation which incorporate vector mesons as dynamical gauge bosons of hidden local symmetry in nonlinear chiral Lagrangian. In contrast previous attempts introduce mesons, our formalism enables one treat consistently and systematically various processes associated with pseudoscalar (Nambu-Goldsone bosons) (dynamical bosons); it is automatic this framework that on-shell amplitudes photons such π0 →2γ γ→3 π are fixed by low energy...

The gauge dependence of the effective action $\ensuremath{\Gamma}$ and potential $V$ are studied in general theories. Explicit expressions which manifest all dependences obtained. From these equations, it is concluded that (or $V$) has gauge-invariant values for any solution Euler-Lagrange equation $\frac{\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\Gamma}}{\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\varphi}}=0$ $\frac{\ensuremath{\partial}V}{\ensuremath{\partial}\ensuremath{\varphi}}=0$) Introduction a certain...

Toroidal backgrounds for bosonic strings are used to understand target space duality as a symmetry of string field theory and study explicitly issues in background independence. Our starting point is the notion that coordinates X(σ) momenta P(σ) independent objects whose algebra always same; correspond inequivalent representations this algebra. We propose classical solutions relating any two toroidal discuss where these solutons defined. String theories formulated around dual shown be...

In N=1 conformal supergravity, we completely determine the transformation laws of most general multiplets with arbitrary external Lorentz indices, and then define spinor derivative operations. Unconstrained (general type) exist for indices while chiral linear only purely undotted indices. This comes from particular fact that superconformal is covariant on satisfying some restrictive conditions. We also a new class operators each which depends choice multiplet u playing role covariantization...

A canonical formalism of the Yang-Mills theories is presented in framework manifestly covariant quantum field theory, which found to give a natural extension Gupta-Bleuler formalism. Physical states are defined by two subsidiary conditions QB|phys〉= QC|phys〉 = 0, where conserved charges QB and QC generators Becchi-Rouet-Stora transformation Faddeev-Popov ghost scale transformation, respectively. With aid explicit expressions terms asymptotic fields, it proved that physical state satisfied...

The covariant string field theory is presented in its full detail for the closed-bosonic-string case. properties of interaction vertex three closed strings are fully clarified. We thus establish nilpotency nonlinear Becchi-Rouet-Stora (BRS) transformation as well BRS invariance our gauged-fixed action. This, on other hand, also establishes gauge gauge-unfixed action and group law transformations, which were reported previously. general N-point amplitudes arbitrary external closed-string...

The covariant string field theory is presented in its full detail for the open-bosonic-string case. previously reported gauge-fixed action and Becchi-Rouet-Stora (BRS) transformation are completed by adding quartic string-interaction term constructed explicitly here. properties of 3-string 4-string vertices fully clarified. We thus establish nilpotency non-linear BRS invariance our action. This, on other hand, establishes also gauge gauge-unfixed group law transformations, which were...

In higher dimensional models where the gauge and gravity fields live in bulk matter only a brane, we point out importance of brane (transverse) coordinate modes, which are Nambu-Goldstone bosons appearing as result spontaneous breaking translation symmetry. The recoil effect suppresses couplings Kaluza-Klein modes to matter, gives natural resolution divergence problem caused by exchange infinitely many modes.

We present an off-shell formulation of matter-Yang-Mills system coupled to supergravity in five dimensional space-time. give invariant action for the general vector multiplets and hypermultiplets as well supersymmetry transformation rules. All auxiliary fields are kept un-eliminated so that rules remain unchanged even when is changed.

A systematic prescription is given to find the "original" gauge-invariant string field Lagrangian from Siegel's gauge-fixed containing an infinite tower of ghosts' ghosts. local and free bosonic constructed in a complete form by this method. It reproduces Neveu West's result up sixth excited level order. We also discuss extension BRS formalism interacting theory give unitarity proof such class theories.