Biomass pyrolysis oils have potential to be used as a fuel oil substitute. Combustion tests shown that the burn efficiently in standard or slightly modified boilers and engines with rates similar those for commercial fuels. However, these also identified several challenges bio-oils applications resulting from their properties. The heating values of only 40−50% hydrocarbon They high water content is detrimental ignition. Organic acids are corrosive common construction materials. Solids (char)...

Abstract BACKGROUND: Biomass is the only renewable feedstock containing carbon, and therefore alternative to fossil‐derived crude oil derivatives. However, main problems concerning application of biomass for biofuels bio‐based chemicals are related transport handling, limited scale conversion process competition with food industry. To overcome such problems, an integral processing route (non‐feed) (residues) transportation fuels proposed. It includes a pretreatment by fast pyrolysis,...

Fast pyrolysis bio-oil (pyrolysis liquid) from plant residues is one alternative to replace fossil fuels and feedstocks. liquid a potential source of revenues for companies who have biomass at their disposal. Once produced, bio-oils may be shipped, stored, utilized much like conventional once specific fuel properties are taken into account. First encouraging large scale utilization tests with published results were carried out in Stockholm the 1990s heating boiler designed heavy oil....

In this second article on fuel oil, use of forestry residue pyrolysis liquids, their physicochemical properties, and the behavior these liquids are described. Understanding chemical composition enables selection correct handling storage conditions. Forestry is one most viable biomass feedstocks for liquid production in Northern softwood forest zone. A 10−25 wt % top phase with a high heating value produced from due to content extractives low water content. However, it has solid ash contents....

The use of the total acid number (TAN) method for measuring acidity biomass fast pyrolysis bio-oil was evaluated. Suggestions carrying out analysis have been made. TAN by American Society Testing and Materials (ASTM) D664 or D3339 can be used bio-oils their hydrotreating products. main difference between methods is that ASTM specified higher values than D3339. Special focus should placed on interpretation curves because they differ significantly from those mineral oils. curve so gentle...

The storage properties of fuels are critical in regard to the introduction a new fuel into markets. must be homogeneous, and should not change significantly during at customer's facility. In this research, stability wood-based pyrolysis liquids was followed by analysis changes physical chemical composition storage. main physicochemical took place first six months. high-molecular-mass (HMM) fraction water-insolubles, which were originally lignin-derived material, increased, because...

Although high liquid yields of a single phase product can be obtained from bark free "white" wood feedstocks by fast pyrolysis processes, lower and two are containing needles as is commonly found with forestry residues. The yield thus reduced levels 70−75 wt % to those 60−65 %. This will have significant impact on the economic viability projects in Scandanavia residues major source raw materials. residue composed an extractive rich upper which varies 10 20% total bottom closely resembling...

Addition of alcohols was found to improve the homogeneity, decrease viscosity and density, lower flash point, increase heating value pyrolysis liquids. Alcohol addition also lowered molecular mass during aging The reduction in change primarily due a stabilizing effect on water-insoluble high lignin-derived fraction. Other effects include formation acetals reactions with aldehydes, ketones, anhydrosugars. Low (≤5 wt %) alcohol additions prevented by few months, while higher (≥10 ones retarded...

Fast pyrolysis of woody biomass is close to full maturity, with first-of-its-kind commercial size installations for fuel production being commissioned in Finland (Fortum) and The Netherlands (Empyro), the design phase Brazil (Ensyn). In industrial-scale combustion tests, use fast bio-oil (FPBO) has been demonstrated be a viable option replace heavy oil district heating applications. Commercially usable boilers burners suitable FPBO are available. There research on diesel-engine gas-turbine...

Catalytic fast pyrolysis of pine sawdust was successfully carried out in VTT's 20 kg h−1 Process Development Unit using a spray dried HZSM-5 catalyst. Approximately 250 partially deoxygenated oil produced over period four days. The catalytically had an average moisture content 8.3 wt%, and carbon oxygen contents 72.0 21.5 wt% on dry basis, respectively. 24% the original biomass present oil, whereas 14% form aqueous side products, which totaled approximately 600 kg. contained high amount...

Birch distillate, a byproduct in charcoal production, has found to be promising source for biological pesticides. The aim of this paper was determine the yields and chemical compositions liquid gaseous products from slow pyrolysis birch hardwood, which is needed commercialization process byproduct. Test runs were performed using three different retorts. Distillates, aqueous phases, settled tars, wood vinegars, gases analyzed with an analytical scheme developed. About 95 wt % phases analyzed....

Bio-oils were produced through intermediate (IP) and fast pyrolysis (FP), using Eucalyptus sp. (hardwood) Picea abies (softwood), wood wastes in large scale Pulp Paper industries. Characterization of these bio-oils was made GC/qMS GC×GC/TOFMS. The use GC×GC provided a broader characterization it allowed tracing potential markers hardwood bio-oil, such as dimethoxy-phenols, which might co-elute 1D-GC. Catalytic FP increased the percentage aromatic hydrocarbons P. indicating its for fuel...

Fast pyrolysis bio-oil oil is a promising alternative to fossil fuels and currently entering the heating market. However, there lack of available information about phase stability bio-oil. The water-soluble water-insoluble compounds in can either be one homogeneous or form two individual phases, which we refer as separation. Phase separation occur immediately after condensation vapors because certain conditions type raw material years aging changes composition caused by repolymerization...

The review summarizes VTT fast pyrolysis development efforts from the past 40 years. experimental work has included a large variety of feedstocks (biomasses, wastes, oil shale, and plastic residues) products (heating oils, refinery feeds, transportation fuels, chemicals). As result constant turbulence on fossil prices changing regulatory framework, only few renewable product alternatives are economically competitive. Plastic wastes appear to offer currently most promising industrial opportunities.