A decrease in populations of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Lactobacillus johnsonii is observed during the development colitis fungal overgrowth, while restoration these reduces inflammatory parameters overgrowth mice. This study investigated effect two fatty acids from B. L. on macrophages Caco-2 cells, as well their impact immune response Candida glabrata a murine model dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Oleic acid (OA) palmitic (PA) were detected interaction with epithelial...

Soluble, low molecular weight proteins were immunodetected in proboscis extracts of Mamestra brassicae males by Western blot, using antibodies raised against the general odorant-binding protein moth Antheraea polyphemus. The same weakly labelled sensillum lymph and subcuticular space sensilla styloconica on ultrathin sections proboscis. morphology is described. yielded several N-terminal sequences, three which showed strong affinity for tritiated analogues pheromonal compounds M. binding...

Bovine odorant-binding protein (bOBP) is a dimeric lipocalin present in large amounts the respiratory and olfactory nasal mucosa. The structure of bOBP refined at 2.0-Å resolution revealed an elongated volume electron density inside each buried cavity, indicating presence one (or several) naturally occurring copurified ligand(s) (Tegoni et al. (1996)Nat. Struct. Biol. 3, 863–867; Bianchet al.(1996) Nat. 934–939). In work, by combining mass spectrometry, x-ray crystallography (1.8-Å...

The physiological route for the action of pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN) was determined in Mamestra brassicae (L.) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae). Removal ventral nerve cord including terminal abdominal ganglia did not affect PBAN stimulation production and biogenic amine octopamine stimulate isolated abdomens. PBAN-like activity found hemolymph intact females scotophase decapitated or photophase. Our results suggest that follows a humoral to its site rather than neural one...

Abstract The involvement of cytochrome P450 enzymes in olfaction was demonstrated vertebrates some time ago. In insects these are well known for their role insecticide resistance, but the pheromone degradation only recently demonstrated. Using a PCR strategy, we have isolated two cDNAs from antennae cabbage armyworm Mamestra brassicae – CYP4L4 and CYP4S4 which encode microsomal P450s. expression is restricted to antennae, whereas also found proboscis legs. Moreover, genes strongly expressed...

Abstract In the presence of an extract Ostrinia nubilalis or Mamestra brassicae eggs, female Trichogramma exhibited increased rates upwind locomotion in tubes a linear olfactometer. GC and GC‐MS analyses O. M. egg extracts revealed fatty acids, their ethyl esters, various hydrocarbons. Exposing wasps to mixture five main saturated hydrocarbons (heneicosane, tricosane, pentacosane, heptacosane nonacosane) progression Single elicited reduced no activity. Ethyl palmitate palmitic acid were also...

The general odorant‐binding protein 2 of Mamestra brassicae males has been purified from antennal extracts and examined in binding assays with pheromone components this species a behavioral antagonist, cis ‐11‐hexadecenol. showed high affinity for the latter compound no components. In addition, expression protein, studied by situ hybridization, was restricted to long sensilla trichodea, which house neuron that responds functionally defined population sensilla, together specificity previous...

The appeasing behaviour of pre-pubertal pigs appears to result from the perception maternal odours (fatty acids) and steroids coming male. We have used a ligand-oriented approach functionally characterize olfactory binding proteins involved in detection compounds nasal mucosa (NM) vomeronasal organ (VNO) pigs. Several were identified, combining assay, immunodetection protein sequencing. Their sites expression tissues studied by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). belong...

Odorant-binding proteins (OBP) are secreted in the nasal mucus at vicinity of olfactory receptors (ORs). They act, least, as an interface between hydrophobic and volatile odorant molecules hydrophilic medium bathing ORs. have also been hypothesized to be part molecular coding odors pheromones, by forming specific complexes with that could ultimately stimulate ORs trigger transduction cascade. In a previous work, we evidenced pig secretome was composed numerous binding protein isoforms,...

Pheromone binding proteins (PBPs) are small (17 kDa on average) present at high concentrations ( approximately 10 mM) in the sensillum lymph of Lepidoptera antennae, where they play a key role perception pheromones. By expression Escherichia coli, we have obtained large quantities (2-3 mg.L-1) pure, soluble, Mamestra brassicae PBP1 (MbraPBP1). These compatible with requirements X-ray and NMR studies. The recombinant protein has been characterized by native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,...

Recognition of the mother is major importance for survival mammalian neonates. This recognition based, immediately after birth, on detection odours that have been learned by fetus in utero. If ethological basis a transnatal olfactory continuity well established, little known nature its cues, and nothing about presence potential carrier proteins maternal fluids such as amniotic fluid, colostrum milk. We identified components pig putative pheromone these sow. also used ligand-oriented approach...

Abstract Background SAL1 (salivary lipocalin) is a member of the OBP (Odorant Binding Protein) family and involved in chemical sexual communication pig. its relatives may be pheromone olfactory receptor binding pre-mating behaviour. The evolutionary history selective pressures acting on orthologous genes have not yet been exhaustively described. aim present work was to study evolution these genes, elucidate role their consequences for functions. Results Here, we gene mammals. We found that...

Abstract Background In invertebrates, the medicinal leech is considered to be an interesting and appropriate model study neuroimmune mechanisms. Indeed, this non-vertebrate animal can restore normal function of its central nervous system (CNS) after injury. Microglia accumulation at damage site has been shown required for axon sprouting efficient regeneration. We characterized Hm C1q as a novel chemotactic factor microglial cell recruitment. mammals, C1q-binding protein (C1qBP alias gC1qR),...