Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith), an economically important pest native to tropical and sub-tropical America has recently invaded Africa, causing substantial damage maize other crops. We evaluated functionality of a companion cropping system, 'climate-adapted push-pull', developed for control cereal stemborers in drier agro-ecologies, as added tool the management fall armyworm. The technology comprises intercropping with drought-tolerant greenleaf desmodium, Desmodium...

Core Ideas Recommending complex maize pest management options for small‐scale African farmers. Determining effective and environmentally friendly fall armyworm smallholder Evaluating effects of edible legume intercropping on armyworm. Maize ( Zea mays L.) production in Africa is constrained by several biotic abiotic factors. The recent occurrence (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) a new invasive Africa, has escalated the problem. Push–pull technology (PPT), proven to be stemborers Chilo...

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) has rapidly spread in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and emerged as a major pest of maize sorghum the continent. For effective monitoring better understanding bioecology management this pest, Community-based Armyworm Monitoring, Forecasting, Early Warning Management (CBFAMFEW) initiative was implemented six eastern African countries (Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda Burundi). Over 650 Community Focal Persons (CFPs) who received training...

We show that brane inflation is very sensitive to tiny sharp features in extra dimensions, including those the potential and warp factor. This can up as observational signatures power spectrum and/or non-Gaussianities of cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR). One general example such a succession small steps warped throat, caused by Seiberg duality cascade using gauge/gravity duality. study cosmological consequences these inflation. Since come series, prediction other their properties...

Push–pull technology (PPT) is one of the most viable low-cost agroecological practices that reduces effects insect pest infestations (e.g., stemborer) and parasitic weeds Striga) in croplands. PPT was evaluated low-fertility soils two farming practices, minimum-tilled conservation agriculture practice (CA), conventionally tilled (CP), contrasting zones at Chitedze, Mbawa, Chitala stations Malawi. Stemborer Striga were also investigated suitability levels Desmodium species. Farmers’...

We note that orbifold boundary conditions produce chiral fermion zero modes in compactified higher dimensional theories may distort scalar field vacuum expectation values, giving rise to nontrivial dependence on the extra dimensions. illustrate this a simple five model which has zero-modes stuck fat branes. The could provide and explicit realization of separation quarks leptons fifth dimension. discuss KK expansion some detail. find there are general non-zero-mode states brane, like modes....

Dengue Fever (DF) is an important arthropod-borne viral infection that has repeatedly occurred as outbreaks in eastern and northeastern Ethiopia since 2013. A cross-sectional epidemiological outbreak investigation was carried out from September to November 2019 on febrile patients (confirmed malaria negative) who presented with suspected confirmed DF at both public private health facilities Gewane District, Afar Region, Ethiopia. Entomological of containers found randomly selected houses...

Abstract BACKGROUND The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is a serious pest of maize. Farming systems such as push‐pull or maize‐legume intercropping have been reported to reduce FAW infestations significantly. However, the exact mechanisms involved in management not practically elucidated. We therefore assessed larval host preference, feeding and survival rate when exposed four plants commonly used legume intercropping. also compared adult moths' oviposition preference...

Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm, FAW) is a significant economic pest of maize in Uganda. Many Ugandan farmers employ synthetic insecticides as their main form control despite the negative impacts these chemicals. We tested effectiveness Beauveria bassiana; General Biopesticide Cocktail (mixture B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, Isaria fumosoroseus, Lecanicillium lecani and Purporeocillium lilacanus three strains Metarhizium Nimbecidine® (azadirachtin 0.03%EC), Roket® (cypermethrin 4%...

This study aimed to evaluate the performance of broiler chickens fed on 3 black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) (Hermetia illucens) and Greenleaf desmodium (Desmodium intortum)-based meals. We evaluated growth performance, carcass quality, profitability under various commercial pathways (doorstep, retail, whole, assorted). Desmodium BSFL powders were formulated into ratios: T1 25:75, T2 50:50, T3 75:25. A feed was used as a control. One hundred twenty mixed-sex 1-day-old chicks (Cobb) reared in...

Background The International Trachoma Initiative (ITI) trachoma control programme based on the SAFE strategy (Surgery, Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness and Environmental improvement) was implemented in 2002 two rural Ethiopian zones, with mass delivery of azithromycin starting 2003. We evaluate impact combined antibiotic health educational interventions active Chlamydia trachomatis detected from ocular swabs, children aged 3–9 years. Method Three-year follow-up cross-sectional survey carried...

Abstract Mesoplatys ochroptera Stål, Exosoma and Ootheca spp. seriously damage sesbania, Sesbania sesban (L.) Merril, a multipurpose leguminous tree widely used in tropical agroforestry. This is discouraging farmers from expanding the planting of sesbania various agroforestry systems eastern south-central Africa. Rapid methods are needed for estimation population densities these beetles decisionmaking pest management. A study was conducted with objectives determining existence any positive...

Agricultural pest management faces mounting challenges with increasing pressure to reduce chemical pesticide use while ensuring food security, and environmental sustainability. Ecologically centered approaches, such as integrated (IPM), offer promising sustainable agroecological crop protection alternative solutions pesticides. This study assesses the investment viability sustainability of two IPM interventions-mango fruit fly (FF-IPM) push-pull technology (PPT) in Kenya Uganda, using...

Push–pull technology (PPT) integrates maize with the legume fodder Desmodium sp. and border crop Brachiaria sp., aiming to enhance production in Rwanda. Despite its potential, adoption of complementary soil management practices (SMP), vital for PPT’s success, remains low. This study employs spatial econometric methods evaluate determinants SMP interdependencies decision-making among PPT-practicing farmers. We constructed a weight matrix based on global Moran’s I index identified optimal...

The fall armyworm (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) is a major cereal pest threatening food security in Africa. African smallholder farmers apply various indigenous management practices, including rabbit urine; however, there no scientific evidence for its efficacy. FAW eggs, first, second and third instar larvae moths were exposed to urine-treated maize leaves alongside untreated (control). More (46.0–70.0%) remained on the than those (27.0–43.0%) leaves. Rabbit urine caused 6.4...

We evaluated the effect of dietary inclusion different ratios Desmodium intortum (DI) and black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) on sensory traits physicochemical qualities broiler chicks meat. Three formulations: T1:75%BSFL:25%DI; T2:50%BSFL:50DI, T3:25BSFL:75% DI as a protein source were tested. A conventional feed was used control diet. On day 42, chickens slaughtered, thigh muscles for evaluations. T1 preferred its flavour tenderness, T2 juiciness T3 colour, flavour, taste overall...

We study the quantum moduli spaces and dynamical superpotentials of four-dimensional ${\mathrm{SU}(2)}^{r}$ linear ring moose theories with $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetry link chiral superfields in fundamental representation. Nontrivial are produced. When space is perturbed by a generic tree level superpotential, vacuum becomes discrete. The Coulomb phase we find two singular submanifolds nontrivial modulus that function all independent gauge invariants needed to parametrize space. massive...