In this study dual‐polarized synthetic aperture radar (SAR) measurements were used to enhance oil spill observation. The co‐polarized phase difference (CPD) was modelled and characterize the scattering return from spills biogenic slicks. model predicts, under low moderate wind conditions, a larger CPD standard deviation (σ) for with respect sea, while slicks σ value similar that sea is obtained. Experiments accomplished multilook complex (MLC) C‐ L‐band SAR data show predictions are...

In this paper, a new paradigm for coherent microwave polarimetric remote sensing observation of man-made metallic targets at sea is presented and demonstrated over real synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. It based on the different symmetry properties targets. The rationale relies physical principles instead standard image processing. Hence, simple very effective filter to observe by full-resolution dual-polarized SAR data developed. technique compared classic approach, namely cross-entropy...

In this article, a review of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) methods for sea oil slick observation is presented. Marine pollution monitoring topic great applicative and scientific relevance. framework, the use remotely sensed measurements special interest and, in particular, SAR because its almost all-weather all-day imaging capability at fine spatial resolution most effective tool. Conventional single-polarization spill techniques are limited their to detect slicks since they...

A study exploiting dual-polarimetric X-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to observe oil at sea is undertaken for the first time. The polarimetric model exploits interchannel correlation between like polarized channels. Accordingly, two parameters related correlation, namely, amplitude coherence and copolarized phase difference (CPD) standard deviation, are accounted for, their performances, with respect slick observation, carefully discussed. Single-look Slant range Complex...

Within the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, multiplatform synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery is being used to aid post hurricane postaccident response efforts in Gulf of Mexico, such as case recent Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The main areas interest related disasters are following: (1) identify pipeline leaks other spills at sea (2) detect man-made metallic targets over sea. context disaster monitoring response, an...

In this letter, a fully polarimetric electromagnetic model for sea surface Mueller matrix is exploited to characterize the scattering from oil and biogenic slicks, under low-to-moderate wind conditions. The predicts completely different mechanism oil-covered oil-free surface, while slicks are indistinguishable in terms of scattering. Following theoretical rationale, simple very effective filtering technique proposed synthetic aperture radar (SAR) slick observation. Experiments, accomplished...

In this study, hybrid-polarity (HP) architecture is exploited to observe sea oil slicks. HP features are interpreted in terms of surface scattering with or without slicks, under low-to-moderate wind conditions. They shown exhibit a different sensitivity respect slick-free, weak-damping slick-covered, and oil-covered surfaces. This verified against measurements obtained transforming actual L- C-band quad-polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data where both slicks look-alikes present....

This study proposes a new metric to process dual-polarimetric coherent and incoherent synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data for coastline extraction purposes. The metric, based on the correlation between co- cross-polarized channels, allows discriminating land from sea in an unsupervised way. Then, simple image processing is adopted extract continuous binary image. Experiments, undertaken multipolarization C- (RadarSAT-2 Sentinel-1) X-band (Cosmo-SkyMed) SAR collected South of Italy together...

In this paper, a theoretical and experimental analysis of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) architectures is undertaken for sea oil slick observation purposes. Reference made to the conventional full-polarimetric (FP) SAR that here contrasted with new-generation architectures, known as compact-polarimetric (CP) SAR. Two CP modes are considered, i.e., hybrid-polarity π/4 modes, whose measurements emulated from actual L- C-band FP data. Polarimetric surface scattering predicted...

A study on sea oil slick observation by means of L-band polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data is accomplished. It based different surface scattering mechanism expected with and without slicks. Polarimetric measurements are processed a simple very effective filtering technique which electromagnetically the Mueller matrix. Moreover, some features, evaluated both slick-free slick-covered surfaces, analyzed for confirming filter output. Experiments accomplished SAR acquired Phased...

In this study fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) measurements are employed for sea oil slick observation. The co-polarised signature is read in terms of surface scattering mechanism with and without slicks it shown to be sensitive the presence slicks. A model, which relates pedestal polarisation slicks, developed successfully tested on L-band ALOS-PALSAR, C-band RADARSAT-2 SIR-C/X-SAR full-polarimetric SAR data. Experiment results show that signature, its height, can exploited...

An electromagnetic model, based on the generalized-K (GK) speckle distribution, has been developed to read scattering features associated with metallic objects at sea in full resolution single-look complex (SLC) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. The sensitivity of GK parameters is investigated both copolarized and cross-polarized SAR It shown that a proper combination exhibits completely different behavior respect surface without objects, when measured over As matter fact, simple very...

A reconstruction technique, based on the 2-D truncated singular value decomposition, is first proposed to enhance spatial resolution of radiometer earth observation measurements. The technique very computer time effective when kernel a tensor product. key issue regarding selection truncation parameter addressed by statistically generalized cross-validation approach. Experiments undertaken data set consisting both simulated and actual special sensor microwave imager measurements show...

A two-step physically consistent procedure is proposed to exploit COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data acquired in the incoherent dual-polarization PingPong mode. The first step, which deals with land/sea discrimination, accomplished a robust and effective way by exploiting inherent peculiarities of CSK Hence, scattering model that relates correlation between HH VV polarimetric channels coherence time observed scene proposed. second extraction continuous coastline, simple...

A physical dual-polarimetric model to observe man-made metallic targets at sea in coherent X-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data is proposed. The exploits the intrinsic different symmetry properties of and surface tested over actual StripMap TerraSAR-X HH-HV VV-VH SAR colocated ground truth measurements. Then, an operational physically based filter very attractive terms both detection performances processing time. typical scene processed seconds by a conventional PC processor.

The Shell North Sea Gannet Alpha platform oil spill accident occurred on August 10, 2011. This was the largest in United Kingdom waters last decade. spills were observed four COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) X-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired between 17 and 22, 2011, with revisit time from 11 h to 3 days SAR acquisitions. areas of slicks extracted using an existing image classification segmentation algorithm. It found that moved toward southwest slick size enlarging 3.69 62.01 km2 first...

A new methodology to estimate the growth stages of agricultural crops using time series polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) images is proposed. The based on complex Wishart classifier and both phenological intervals training areas are identified measuring distances among covariance matrices obtained from PolSAR data. Consequently, computation features, which main step state-of-the-art methods, no longer needed, proposed approach can be applied in same way any crop type....

A reconstruction technique, mathematically based on a generalization of the gradient method in Banach spaces, is first proposed to enhance spatial resolution radiometer earth observation measurements. This approach allows reducing over-smoothing effects and oscillations that are often present standard Hilbert-spaces procedures without any drawback numerical complexity. Experiments undertaken data set consisting both simulated actual 2-D special sensor microwave imager measurements show...

In this study, COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data, collected by the single-polarization stripmap Himage mode, are exploited for coastline extraction purposes. First, a multipolarization analysis of sea surface backscattering is undertaken using Improved Integral Equation Method (IIEM). Then, simple two-step approach proposed to extract continuous from co- and cross-polarized CSK SAR data. The framed into two steps: 1) obtaining binary output image global threshold...

In this paper, the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) azimuth cutoff method is thoroughly revised and a new general implementation proposed. The key roles of pixel spacing, size image box, texture SAR scene are analyzed optimized in terms (λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> ) estimation. reliability λ estimation by measuring distance between measured fitted autocorrelation functions. This analysis shows that it paramount...

In this study, the performance of two waterline extraction approaches is analyzed using dual-polarization Cosmo-SkyMed (CSK) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data and ancillary ground truth information. The single-polarization approach based on multiscale normalized cuts segmentation; while, one exploits inherent peculiarities CSK PING PONG incoherent dual-polarimetric imaging mode together with a tailored scattering model to perform land/sea discrimination. are applied actual SAR collected...

Plastic pollution in the world's oceans is estimated to have reached 270.000 tones, or 5.25 trillion pieces.This plastic now ubiquitous, however due ocean circulation patterns, it accumulates gyres, creating "garbage patches".This debris colonized by microbes and microorganisms that create unique ecosystems of sea-slicks microbial bio-films.Microbial colonization first step towards disintegration degradation materials: a process releases metabolic byproducts from energy synthesis.These...

This study deals with coastline extraction using multipolarization spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery acquired over coastal intertidal areas. The latter are very challenging environments where mud flats lead to a large variability of normalized cross section, which may trigger significant number false edges during the process. performance SAR-based methods that rely on joint combination information (either single- or dual-polarization metrics) and speckle filtering local...

Research on lunar oxides abundance has been spotlighted for its great significance in reconstructing the evolutionary history of moon. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have introduced to map surface their reliability and robustness. However, there are still some shortcomings existing studies. Firstly, majority these studies rely spectral data used in-situ (drilled) ground truth samples collected by satellite missions. The detection depth sensors drilled depths...