In this work, an attempt was made to study the effect of organic loading rate (OLR) on biogas yield using cow slurry as a single substrate at mesophilic (37°C) temperature in long time experiment with Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR). The reactor loaded OLR 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5 and 5.0 goTS/l.d. Each maintained two (2) weeks before increasing it by 0.5 run continuously for 140 days. It observed that methane yields decreased increase after had attained stability....

This study considered the levels of 15 organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) residues (α-BHC, β- BHC, ϒ-BHC, lindane, chlorothalonil, heptachlor, aldrin, heptachlor epoxide, endosulfan I, II, endrin, dieldrin, p, p'-DDD, p'-DDT and sulphate in water, sediments fish species from Ogbese river Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria. Samples were extracted cleaned-up on silica gel adsorbent. The OCPs concentrations determined using Gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with Electron Capture Detector....

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was prepared from Gliricidia sepium and Cola gigantea with yields of 1.59 g/g 1.76 g/g, respectively. The pH the products were weakly acidic (6.47 6.54, respectively). sodium chloride content 0.22 for C. CMC 0.27 G. CMC, while degree substitution 0.46 0.51, swelling capacity 802%, which higher than 519% C CMC. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed that a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) more stable Detergent fortified had better performance in...

Cellulose is the most abundant biomass in nature with properties that have enabled its application different industrial processes. Its derivative, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose serves as an additive food and non-food products such desserts, detergents, paints etc. In this study, (CMC) was synthesized from isolated three ligno-cellulosic biomass, Tithonia diversifolia stalk (TDS), Musa parasidiaca stem (MPS) unripe peel of fruit (MPP). The isolation done by soda pulping bleached using...

The leaching of powdered sphalerite using hydrogen peroxide and nitric acid has been investigated.The important variables such as concentrations well stirring speed particle size were examined.The effect reaction temperature was also examined on the process.The have significant effects sphalerite.The is dependent inversely proportional ore size.The apparent activation energy found to be 28.7kJmol - suggesting that chemical -control at surface particles.

The leaching of lead from galena in acidic hydrogen peroxide presence sodium chloride solution has been investigated with respect to the effects hydrochloric acid and concentrations, by changing stirring speed, temperature particle size. It was observed that rate increases increasing concentration, concentration temperature. However, it decreases increase kinetic study showed process is represented shrinking core model mixed kinetic. activation energy (Ea) for reaction calculated as 14·60 kJ...

The capability of cow hoof (CH) to remove Zn(II) from aqueous solution under the influence sorbent size, pH, contact time, and dosage was investigated through batch studies. Equilibrium studies were conducted at three different temperatures (298, 308, 318 K) by contacting concentrations with a known weight hoof. biosorption Zn onto found increase in mass used while efficiency decrease particle size. optimum conditions pH 4 time 60 minutes required for maximum removal (mesh size 212 µm)....

Biosorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution by cow hooves (CHs) was investigated as a function initial pH, contact time, and biosorbent dosage through batch studies. Equilibrium experiments were performed at three different temperatures (298, 308, 318 K) using Pb 2+ concentration ranging 15 to 100 mgg −1 . This study revealed that maximum uptake (96.2% removal) took place within 30 minutes agitation, the process brought equilibrium 60 equilibration. The data modelled Langmuir,...

Preliminary results of analysis two common decorative/ornamental minerals analysed for minor and trace elements with the neutron activation technique are discussed. The samples interest were Biriniwa tin pyrite, which local indigenous used to paint their huts ornamental lead women use adorn eyelashes nation-wide. These irradiated along certified reference sample, CANMET-BLI, thermal at Julich Reactor Centre, Julich, Germany. prominent determined in included zinc (35.8%), iron (6.15%), Na,...

Abstract The relative cadmium sorption ability of unmodified and aminated lignins was examined as a function solution pH, sorbent—sorbate resident time ratio, concentration temperature. Experimental results showed that the surface characteristics both were favourable to effective ions from aqueous solutions. Sorption dependent on equilibrium maximum removal attained at pH 5. Langmuir Freundlich isotherm models fitted experimental data. biosorption onto rapid within 120 min. kinetic data...

Pleurotus ferulae obtained from rotten tree was collected, washed, dried, ground and sieved to appropriate particle size. Infra-red spectrometry used determine functional groups on the biomass while biosorption of Pb(II) aqueous solution studied using in a batch system. The effect pH (1-7.5), temperature (30-50 oC), dosage 0.5-4 g initial metal concentration (20-300 mg/L) studied. Equilibrium, kinetics thermodynamics consideration were evaluated parameters evaluate adsorption potential...

The feasibility of using powdered cow hooves (CH) for removing Ni 2+ from aqueous solution was investigated through batch studies. study conducted to determine the effect pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, particle size, and temperature on adsorption capacity CH. Equilibrium studies were initial concentration ranging 15 100 mgL −1 at 208, 308, 318 K, respectively. results our investigation room indicated that maximum occurred pH 7 time 20 minutes. thermodynamics onto CH showed process...

A readily available biopolymeric chitosan has been shown to be a very promising supportive bioligand for the immobilization of catalytic metals. In this study, 3,6-diacetylnaphtalene-2,7-diol cross linked was used synthesize Fe(III) complex, which further catalyze oxidation methanol using molecular oxygen as oxidant. Both polymeric ligand and its complex were characterized FT-IR, UV-visible Atomic Absorption Spectroscopic methods well Scanning Electron Spectroscopy (SEM)....

Investigations on the kinetics of leaching lead from galena (PbS), using acetic acid (HAc) solutions in iron(III) chloride (FeCl3) solutions, were conducted shrinking core models. The effects operational parameters, such as temperature, concentration, and particle size, process also studied. results revealed that rate dissolution was controlled by surface chemical reaction under all experimental conditions examined. empirical orders kinetics, with respect to concentrations, 0.562 0.274,...