Sustained attention is the ability to maintain focus on a specific goal over time,but lapses in are frequent. Many theories have attributed these atransient failure of control maintaining mind. However, proposalshave been challenged because recent findings shown more engagement ofcognitive during states prone lapses. We hypothesized that occurduring periods high competition between goals, requiring stronger cognitive control.To test this goal-competition hypothesis, we developed...

Negative templates are based on foreknowledge of distractor features and can lead to more efficient visual search at the group level. However, large individual differences exist in size benefits induced by negative cues. The cognitive factors underlying these interindividual remain unknown. Previous research has suggested higher engagement proactive control for compared positive templates. We thus hypothesized that efficiency may explain variability cue benefits. A data set made up from two...

In a visual search task, knowing features of distractors in advance leads to more efficient search. Although previous studies suggested that the benefits these negative cues rely on attentional control, it is unclear whether proactive or reactive control involved. this study, we analyzed EEG data participants performing task (n = 14). Participants searched for shape-defined target after receiving positive cue (target color), (distractor neutral (non-informative). To examine measured onset...

Winning in action video games requires to predict timed events order react fast enough. In these games, repeated waiting for enemies may help develop implicit (incidental) preparation mechanisms. We compared game players and non-video a reaction time task involving both preparations explicit (conscious) temporal attention cues. Participants were immersed virtual reality instructed respond visual target appearing at variable delays after warning signal. half of the trials, an cue indicated...

Video game play has been suggested to improve visual and attention processing. Nevertheless, while action video is highly dynamic, there scarce research on how information temporally discriminated at the millisecond level. This cross-sectional study investigates whether temporal discrimination level in vision varies across players (VGPs; N = 23) non-video (NVGPs; 23). Participants synchronous from asynchronous onsets of two targets virtual reality, their EEG oculomotor movements were...

Abstract Attention allows us to focus on relevant information while ignoring distractions. Effective suppression of distracting is crucial for efficient visual search. Recent studies have developed two paradigms investigate attentional suppression: cued-suppression which based top-down control, and learned-suppression selection history. While both types reportedly engage proactive it remains unclear whether they rely shared mechanisms. This study aimed determine the relationship between...

ABSTRACT Sustained attention fluctuates between periods of good and poor attentional performance. Two major methodologies exist to study these fluctuations: an objective approach that identifies "in-the-zone" states consistent response times (RTs) "out-of-the-zone" erratic RTs a subjective asks participants whether they are on-task or mind wandering. Although both approaches effectively predict lapses, it remains unclear capture the same distinct fluctuations. We combined within single...

Abstract Though sertraline is commonly prescribed in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), its superiority over placebo only marginal. This part due to the neurobiological heterogeneity of individuals. Characterizing individual-unique functional architecture brain may help better dissect heterogeneity, thereby defining treatment-predictive signatures guide personalized medication. In this study, we investigate whether individualized connectivity (FC) can define more predictable...

Antidepressant medications yield unsatisfactory treatment outcomes in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) modest advantages over the placebo. This efficacy is partly due to elusive mechanisms of antidepressant responses and unexplained heterogeneity patient's response - approved antidepressants only benefit a portion patients, calling for personalized psychiatry based on individual-level prediction responses. Normative modeling, framework that quantifies individual deviations...

Foreknowledge of distractor features can lead to more efficient visual search through negative templates, but large interindividual differences exist in the size template benefits. The cognitive factors underlying these individual remain unknown. Previous research suggests proactive control for templates vs. positive templates. We hypothesized that inter-individual efficiency may explain variability benefits induced by cues. analyzed data 138 participants engaged on a cued-visual task, with...

The Journal of Cognition, the official journal European Society for Cognitive Psychology, publishes reviews, empirical articles (including registered reports), data reports, stimulus development comments, and methodological notes relevant to all areas cognitive psychology, including attention, memory, perception, psycholinguistics, reasoning. We also publish cross-disciplinary research if we judge that it has clear implications psychological theories. As a signatory Center Open Science's...

Negative templates come from foreknowledge of distractor-features and improve visual search performance. Recent studies characterizing the mechanisms underlying these benefits, show a critical role proactive control in negative template use. The goal this study was to test if state-based fluctuations play We used motivation (e.g., rewards) induce within-individual efficiency during search. replicated previous findings for positive templates, with faster RT find target periods high- compared...

During the visual search, distractor processing can be actively suppressed when features are explicitly cued in advance. This has been revealed by faster reaction times participants informed of (negative condition) than being provided with no information about (neutral (Arita et al. 2012; Carlisle Nitka, 2018). Increasing evidence suggests that attentional effect relies on cognitive control mechanisms. The proactive engagement attenuates before stimulus appears (e.g., search display) (Huang...