Organophosphate insecticides that are heavily used in agriculture for pest control have caused growing environmental problems and public health concerns worldwide. Ironically, insecticide resistance develops quickly major lepidopteran pests, partially via their microbial symbionts. To investigate the possible mechanisms by which microbiota confers to Lepidoptera, model organism silkworm Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) was fed different antibiotics induce gut dysbiosis (microbiota...

For invasive insects, the potential roles of gut microbiota in exploiting new food resources and spreading remain elusive. Red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, is an destructive pest which feeds on nutrient-poor tender tissues has caused extensive mortality trees. The microbes associated with insects can improve their nutrition assimilation. However, experimental evidence interactions between RPW its still absent. aim this study to determine dynamics changes bacterial...

The immune system of animals, including insects, is the vital factor to maintain symbiotic interactions between animals and their associated microbes. However, effects gut microbiota on insect immunity remain mostly elusive. Red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, a destructive pest trees worldwide, which has forged alliances with its microbiota. Here, we found that aposymbiotic insects succumbed at significantly faster rate than conventionally reared (CR) ones upon...

Red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, is a destructive pest for trees worldwide. Recent studies have shown that RPW gut colonized by microbes and alterations in microbiota can significantly modify its hemolymph nutrition content. However, the exact effects of on phenotype underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here germ-free (GF) larvae were generated from dechorionated eggs which reared sterilized artificial food under axenic conditions. Compared with controls, larval...

Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) are emerging environmental pollutants that have raised serious concerns about their potential impact on ecosystem organism health. Despite increasing efforts to investigate the impacts of micro- biota little is known terrestrial organisms, especially insects, at concentrations. To address this gap, we used an insect model, silkworm Bombyx mori examine long-term different sizes polystyrene (PS) MNPs environmentally realistic concentrations (0.25 1.0 μg/mL)....

Bacterial symbionts of insects affect a wide array host traits including fitness and immunity. Octodonta nipae (Maulik), commonly known as hispid leaf beetle is destructive palm pest around the world. Understanding dynamics microbiota essential to unravel complex interplay between O. its bacterial symbionts. In this study, 16S rRNA V3-V4 region was targeted decipher diversity across different life stages [eggs, larvae, pupae, adult (male female)] reproductive organs (ovaries testis) nipae....

L-tryptophan is an essential aromatic amino acid for the growth and development of animals. Studies about enteric L-tryptophan-producing bacteria are scarce. In this report, we characterized probiotic potential Enterococcus casseliflavus ECB140, focusing on its production abilities.ECB140 strain was isolated from silkworm gut can survive under strong alkaline environmental conditions. Bacterial colonization traits (motility biofilm) were examined showed that only ECB140 produced flagellum...

This study addresses the need to understand provincial real economic growth, as measured by gross regional domestic product (GRDP), conducting a spatial analysis. The focuses on influential factors of physical investment, working labor force, social infrastructure relative head-count index poverty, and human development (HDI). Data from 34 provinces spanning eight years (2015-2022) were examined using geographically weighted panel regression with fixed effect units adaptive bisquare kernel...

Nano(micro)plastics (NMPs) and agrochemicals are ubiquitous pollutants. The small size physicochemical properties of NMPs make them potential carriers for pollutants, affecting their bioavailability impact on living organisms. However, little is known about interactions in terrestrial ecosystems. This study investigates the adsorption Fenpropathrin (FPP) onto two different sizes polystyrene examines impacts an insect model, silkworm Bombyx mori. We analyzed systemic effects acute exposure to...

Man can achieve virtually nothing without the use of language. It is a means by which people in business, scientific research, political interaction, etcetera, exchange information and ideas to develop plans, proposal, policies for sustainable development. Language enables man understand his neighbour keep touch with other at all times. used decision making process it medium through relationships are created, extended maintained. an instrument that could be meaningful political, social,...

The paper provides an insighful examination of the socio-economic conditions influencing youths engagement in terrorist enclaves northern Nigeria general and particular. research investigates how poverty, political manuavre, group as well individual machinations religious differences interact to drive radicalization among young people who are already at risk radicalization. It does this by using both empirical data theoretical frameworks. In order better understand dynamics terrorism,...

Spätzle (Spz) is a dimeric ligand that responds to the Gram-positive bacterial or fungal infection by binding Toll receptors induce secretion of antimicrobial peptides. However, whether Toll-like signaling pathway mediates innate immunity Rhynchophorus ferrugineus modulate homeostasis gut microbiota has not been determined. In this study, we found Spz homolog, RfSpätzle, secretory protein comprising signal peptide and conservative domain. RT-qPCR analysis revealed RfSpätzle was significantly...

Microbes that live inside insects play various roles in host biology, ranging from nutrient supplementation to defense. Although Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) are one of the most diverse insect taxa important natural ecosystems, their microbiotas little-studied, understand structure function, it is necessary identify potential factors affect microbiome analysis. Using a model organism, silkworm Bombyx mori, we investigated effects different sample types (whole gut, gut content, tissue,...

The complex gut microbiome is a malleable microbial community that can undergo remodeling in response to many factors, including the environment and properties. Enterococcus has emerged as one of predominant commensal bacterial plays fundamental role host physiology health major economic agricultural insect, Bombyx mori. Although extensive research on structure diversity been carried out, how these consortia are established multifarious niches within not well characterized date. Here, an...