A5036040848- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Memory Processes and Influences
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Treatment of Major Depression
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
University of Toronto
2020-2025
Sunnybrook Health Science Centre
2019-2025
Toronto Rehabilitation Institute
2020-2025
Health Sciences Centre
2020-2025
Sunnybrook Research Institute
2019-2025
Neuromod (Ireland)
2025
Sunnybrook Hospital
2019-2024
McMaster University
2021-2024
Ontario Brain Institute
2024
Western University
2024
<h3>Importance</h3> Mounting evidence suggests that sex differences exist in the pathologic trajectory of Alzheimer disease. Previous literature shows elevated levels cerebrospinal fluid tau women compared with men as a function apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status and β-amyloid (Aβ). What remains unclear is association regional deposition clinically normal individuals. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine cross-sectional between Aβ measured positron emission tomography (PET). <h3>Design, Setting...
Objectives Amyloid‐beta (Aβ) and tau pathologies are commonly observed among clinically normal older individuals at postmortem can now be detected with in vivo neuroimaging. The association interaction of these proteinopathies prospective cognitive decline aging preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains to fully elucidated. Methods One hundred thirty‐seven (age = 76.3 ± 6.22 years) participating the Harvard Aging Brain Study underwent Aβ ( 11 C‐Pittsburgh compound B) 18 F‐flortaucipir)...
Abstract Introduction Our objective was to investigate the effect of sex on cognitive decline within context amyloid β (Aβ) burden and apolipoprotein E genotype. Methods We analyzed sex‐specific effects Aβ‐positron emission tomography, apolipoprotein, rates change Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite‐5 across three cohorts, such as Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Australian Imaging, Biomarker Lifestyle, Harvard Aging Brain Study (n = 755; clinical dementia rating 0; age...
Identifying asymptomatic individuals at high risk of impending cognitive decline because Alzheimer disease is crucial for successful prevention dementia. Vascular and β-amyloid (Aβ) pathology commonly co-occur in older adults are significant causes impairment.To determine whether vascular Aβ burden act additively or synergistically to promote clinically normal adults; and, secondarily, evaluate the unique influence on prospective beyond that used imaging biomarkers, including burden,...
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes (T2D) increases dementia risk, but clear evidence to recommend interventions that can mitigate risk remains lacking. This population-based retrospective cohort study aimed determine whether new use of sodium–glucose cotransporter (SGLT2) inhibitors compared with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) was associated lower risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Ontario residents aged ≥66 years who were users an SGLT2 inhibitor or a DPP-4 from 1 July 2016 31 March 2021 entered the...
There is an inconsistency regarding the relationship between thinking about personal past experiences during autobiographical memory (AM) and other people's mental states theory of mind (ToM). Neuroimaging studies AM ToM consistently report overlap in brain regions recruited. Lesion data, however, show that amnesic people with impairment can have intact ToM, suggesting distinct neural mechanisms support these abilities [Rosenbaum, R. S., Stuss, D. T., Levine, B., & Tulving, E. Theory...
In the absence of disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer disease, there is a critical need to identify modifiable risk factors that may delay progression disease.To examine whether physical activity moderates association β-amyloid (Aβ) burden with longitudinal cognitive decline and neurodegeneration in clinically normal individuals these associations are independent vascular risk.This observational study included participants from Harvard Aging Brain Study. Participants were required have...
<h3>Importance</h3> Depressive symptoms are prevalent among older adults and may be early manifestations of Alzheimer disease (AD) before onset mild cognitive impairment. However, it remains unclear whether worsening depressive in the presence AD pathology associated with decline adults. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine longitudinal association between symptoms, cognition, cortical amyloid community-dwelling <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> Participants from Harvard Aging Brain Study, a...
Objective Neuropathological studies have demonstrated that cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer (AD) pathology frequently co‐occur in older adults. The extent to which influences the progression of AD remains unclear. Leveraging newly available positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, we examined whether a well‐validated measure systemic vascular risk β ‐amyloid (A ) burden an interactive association with regional tau burden. Methods Vascular was quantified at baseline 152 clinically...
Abstract Accumulating data suggest that cerebrovascular disease contributes to Alzheimer’s pathophysiology and progression toward dementia. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a form of pathology results from the build-up β-amyloid in vessel walls. commonly co-occurs with ageing brain increases risk In present study, we examined whether cerebral influences tau deposition cognitive decline independently or synergistically parenchymal burden. Secondly, burden mediates association between decline....
Abstract Females show a disproportionate burden of Alzheimer’s disease pathology and higher dementia prevalences compared to males, yet the mechanisms driving these vulnerabilities are unknown. There is sexual dimorphism in immunological functioning, neuroimmune processes implicated genesis. Using neuropathology indicators from human brain tissue, we examined mediational role microglial activation on relationship between amyloid tau how it differs by sex. 187 decedents (64% female; 89 mean...
Abstract The blood–brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain but is also an important obstacle for effective delivery of therapeutics in Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Transcranial magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) has been shown to reversibly disrupt BBB. However, treatment diffuse regions across along with effect on relevant pathology need be better characterized. This study open-labelled single-arm trial (NCT03739905) investigate feasibility...
Introduction The long-term impact of COVID-19 on brain function remains poorly understood, despite growing concern surrounding post-acute syndrome (PACS). goal this cross-sectional, observational study was to determine whether there are significant alterations in resting among non-hospitalized individuals with PACS, compared symptomatic non-COVID infection. Methods Data were collected for 51 who tested positive (mean age 41±12 yrs., 34 female) and 15 controls had cold flu-like symptoms but...
Abstract Vascular dysfunction is increasingly recognized as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Alterations in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways have been implicated potential mechanisms. However, specific impact VEGF proteins preclinical disease and their relationships with other pathologies during this critical early period remain be elucidated. We included 317 older adults from Harvard Aging Brain Study, a cohort individuals who were...
Mounting evidence supports sex differences in Alzheimer disease (AD) risk. Vascular and hormonal factors may together contribute to AD risk female adults. We investigated whether age at menopause, vascular risk, history of hormone therapy (HT) containing estrogens influence cognition over a 3-year follow-up period. hypothesized that earlier menopause elevated would have synergistic association with lower cognitive scores HT attenuate this preserve cognition.
Elucidating the downstream impact of exogenous hormones on aging brain will have far-reaching consequences for understanding why Alzheimer's disease (AD) predominates in women almost twofold over men. We tested extent to which menopausal hormone therapy (HT) use is associated with later-life amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau accumulation using PET N = 146 baseline clinically normal women, aged 51 89 years. Women were scanned a 4.5-year (SD, 2.1; range, 1.3 10.4) 3.5-year 1.5; 1.2 8.1) period Aβ tau,...
ABSTRACT There is great interest in the cognitive consequences of hippocampal volume loss developmental amnesia (DA). In many DA cases, occurs before hippocampus fully developed, and yet little known about locus, extent, distribution damage these cases. We used high‐resolution MRI to manually segment medial temporal lobe (MTL) subregions H.C., an adult with DA, a group sex‐, age‐ education‐matched control participants ( n = 10). The was defined divided into anterior (head) posterior (body...
We investigated the effect of baseline Aβ, sex, and APOE on longitudinal tau accumulation in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) clinically normal older adults. Two hundred thirty-nine participants (aged 56–89 years, clinical dementia rating = 0) underwent serial CSF collection for Aβ1–42, total-tau (t-tau) phospho-tau181P (p-tau). used preprocessed data from fully automated Roche Elecsys immunoassays. A series linear regressions were to examine cross-sectional effects APOEε4 mixed models changes tau....
Abstract Introduction Few studies have examined memory decline among patients with type 2 diabetes using different oral hypoglycemic drugs. Methods Participants normal cognition (NC) or Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia a medication (2005 to 2019) were identified from the National Coordinating Center database. Delayed was assessed Wechsler Memory Scale Revised–Logical test. Associations between drug classes and over time mixed‐effects models inverse probability treatment weights. Results In...
Abstract Background The antihypertensive angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) have similar indications mechanisms of action, but prior work suggests divergence in their effects on cognition. Methods Participants the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center database with a clinical diagnosis dementia due to disease (AD) using an ACE-I or ARB at any visit were selected. primary outcome was delayed recall memory Wechsler Memory Scale Revised...
Sulfonylureas are oral glucose-lowering medications positioned as a second-line therapy for type 2 diabetes. Evidence relating them to cognitive decline has been mixed. The objective was determine whether sulfonylurea use associated with differential risk of dementia compared dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitor use.Using administrative data from residents in Ontario, Canada, adults aged ≥66 years who were new users or DPP4 June 14, 2011, March 31, 2021 entered this population-based...