High-resolution computed tomography (CT) was performed in 20 patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis. Images of abnormal peripheral lung were classified into four types: small nodules around the end bronchovascular branchings (CT type I), centrilobular area connected branching linear opacities II), accompanied by ring-shaped or ductal to proximal bundles III), large cystic dilated bronchi IV). CT classifications compared radiographic and clinical stages disease. The comparison revealed that...

Properties of the ground state open chains S=1 Heisenberg antiferromagnet are studied by a quantum Monte Carlo method. Size (length) dependences ground-state energy, energy gap, staggered magnetization 〈${\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{i}}^{\mathit{z}}$〉 and spin-correlation function 〈${\mathit{S}}_{1}^{\mathit{z}}$${\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{i}}^{\mathit{z}}$〉 investigated under free, fixed, periodic boundary conditions. The size significant in with less than 25 spins, where magnitude is rather large....

We present a method of constructing matrix-product (MP) states and apply it to the ground state Heisenberg spin chain with alternating spins 1 antiferromagnetic exchange interactions between nearest neighbors (the simplest example quantum ferrimagnet). The elementary matrix is constructed in way that ensures given transformational properties under rotations, which allows one fix total spin, its z projection, entire MP wave function. compare variational results numerical obtained through...

We numerically investigate elementary excitations of the Heisenberg alternating-spin chains with two kinds spins 1 and 1/2 antiferromagnetically coupled to each other. Employing a recently developed efficient Monte Carlo technique as well an exact diagonalization method, we verify spin-wave argument that model exhibits distinct from ground state which are gapless gapped. The branch shows quadratic dispersion in small-momentum region, is ferromagnetic type. With intention elucidating physical...

To evaluate the Ca2+ -releasing, alkalizing and apatite-like surface precipitate-forming abilities of a prototype tricalcium silicate cement, which was mainly composed synthetically prepared zirconium oxide radiopacifier.The white ProRoot MTA (WMTA) TheraCal LC (a light-cured resin-modified calcium silicate-filled material) were examined. The chemical compositions analysed with wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy electron probe microanalyser an image observation function (SEM-EPMA). pH...

We study the low-temperature properties of S = 1 and 1/2 alternating spin chains with antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbour exchange couplings using analytical techniques as well a quantum Monte Carlo method. The spin-wave approach predicts two different low-lying excitations, which are gapped gapless, respectively. structure levels is also discussed perturbation theory in terms strength Ising anisotropy. These findings compared results calculations, it turns out that describes present system...

We study thermodynamic properties of the one-dimensional Heisenberg ferrimagnet with antiferromagnetically exchange-coupled two kinds spins 1 and 1/2. The specific heat magnetic susceptibility are calculated employing a modified spin-wave theory as well quantum Monte Carlo method. is in proportion to $T^{1/2}$ at low enough temperatures but shows Schottky-like peak mid temperatures. diverges $T^{-2}$. reveal that model regarded ferromagnet, while it behaves like gapped antiferromagnet.

We investigate the specific heat and magnetisation of a ferrimagnet with gS=1 S=1/2 spins in finite magnetic field using transfer matrix DMRG down to T=0.025J. Ferromagnetic gapless antiferromagnetic gapped excitations for H=0 lead rich thermodynamics H > 0. While is characterized by generic double peak structure, reveals two critical fields, Hc1=1.76(1) Hc2=3.00(1) square-root behaviour T=0 magnetisation. Simple analytical arguments allow understand these experimentally accessible findings.

Thermodynamic properties of S=1 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chains with free and periodic boundaries are investigated by a quantum Monte Carlo method. In particular, temperature dependences the specific heat, magnetic susceptibility, hidden order parameter, which inherent to Haldane phase, investigated. The heat turns out have peak at ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathrm{peak}}$\ensuremath{\sim}2\ensuremath{\Delta}, where \ensuremath{\Delta} is energy gap present model, although dependence very similar...

We investigate the thermodynamic properties of Heisenberg ferrimagnetic mixed-spin chains both numerically and analytically with particular emphasis on combination ferromagnetic antiferromagnetic features. Employing a new density-matrix renormalization-group technique as well quantum Monte Carlo method, we reveal overall thermal behaviour: at very low temperatures, specific heat magnetic susceptibility multiplied by temperature behave like , respectively, whereas intermediate they exhibit...

Magnetic susceptibilities of spin-$(S,s)$ ferrimagnetic Heisenberg chains are numerically investigated. It is argued how the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic features quantum ferrimagnets exhibited as functions $(S,s).$ Spin-$(S,s)$ behave similar to combinations spin-$(S\ensuremath{-}s)$ spin-$(2s)$ provided $S=2s.$

We numerically investigate the critical behavior of spin-$(1,\frac{1}{2})$ Heisenberg ferrimagnet with anisotropic exchange coupling in a magnetic field. A quantized magnetization plateau as function field, appearing at third saturated magnetization, is stable over whole antiferromagnetic region. The vanishes ferromagnetic region via Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. Comparing quantum and classical curves, we elucidate what are essential effects.

Ground-state properties of S =1 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chains with bond alternation, H = J ∑ i {1-(-1) δ} · +1 , are studied by a quantum Monte Carlo method. Spin correlation between chain ends on the open appears for δ<0.25, while it vanishes δ≥0.25. At δ≃0.25, spin length has peak and =1/2 edge states disappear. The fourfold degeneracy ground state holds is removed All results support continuous phase transition at δ≃0.25 demonstrated in previous works.

Motivated by recent magnetic measurements on ${A}_{3}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}({\mathrm{PO}}_{4}{)}_{4} (A=\mathrm{Ca},\mathrm{Sr})$ and $\mathrm{Cu}(3\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Clpy}{)}_{2}({\mathrm{N}}_{3}{)}_{2}$ $(3\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Clpy}=3\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Chloropyridine}),$ both of which behave like one-dimensional ferrimagnets, we extensively investigate the ferrimagnetic specific heat with particular emphasis its double-peak structure. Developing a modified...

We study the phase transitions in antiferromagnetic quantum spin chains with bond alternation, H=J${\ensuremath{\sum}}_{\mathrm{i}}$[1-(-1${)}^{\mathrm{i}}$\ensuremath{\delta}]${\mathbf{S}}_{\mathrm{i}}$\ensuremath{\cdot}${\mathbf{S}}_{\mathrm{i}+1}$, of S=1, 3/2, and 2. On one hand, using a transfer matrix technique, we make simple variational approach, which results better estimates transition points than by O(3) nonlinear-\ensuremath{\sigma}-model field theory. other employing Monte Carlo...

A world-line Monte Carlo approach is proposed to calculate the elementary excitations of quantum systems. The lowest energies as a function momentum are successfully extracted from an imaginary-time correlation evaluated at sufficiently low temperature. method applied antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chains $S\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\frac{1}{2},1,\frac{3}{2},$ and $2$ with length up 64. spectra for $S\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\frac{1}{2}$ 1...

We present a comparative study of bosonic languages to describe one-dimensional Heisenberg ferrimagnets. The ferrimagnetic Schwinger-boson mean-field theory demonstrated by Wu et al., the antiferromagnetic modified spin-wave designed Takahashi, and its variant proposed Yamamoto al. are employed calculate energy structure thermodynamics various A scheme, which introduces Lagrange multiplier keeping native free from temperature thus differs original Takahashi is particularly stressed as useful...

In response to recent nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) measurements on the molecular cluster Mn12O12 acetate, we study nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T(1), developing a modified spin-wave theory. Our microscopic new approach, which is distinct from previous macroscopic treatments of as rigid spin S=10, not only excellently interprets observed temperature and applied-field dependences 1/T(1) for 55Mn nuclei but also strongly supports 13C NMR evidence delocalization over entire molecule.

We study the electronic structure of halogen-bridged binuclear metal $(\mathrm{MMX})$ complexes with a two-band Peierls-Hubbard model. Based on symmetry argument, various density-wave states are derived and characterized. The ground-state phase diagram is drawn within Hartree-Fock approximation, while thermal behavior investigated using quantum Monte Carlo method. All calculations conclude that typical $\mathrm{MMX}$ compound...

Ground-state magnetization curves of ferrimagnetic Heisenberg chains alternating spins $S$ and $s$ are numerically investigated. Calculating several cases $(S,s)$, we conclude that the spin-$(S,s)$ chain generally exhibits $2s$ plateaux even at most symmetric point. In double- or more-plateau structure, initial plateau is generated on a classical basis, whereas higher ones based quantum mechanism.

Effects of an uniaxial single-ion anisotropy ${\mathit{tsum}}_{\mathit{i}}$${\mathit{D}}_{\mathit{z}}$(${\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{i}}^{\mathit{z}}$${)}^{2}$ on the magnetic properties S=1 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain with open boundaries are studied by a quantum Monte Carlo method. In ground stae, how affects staggered magnetization 〈${\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{i}}^{\mathit{z}}$〉 and spin correlation functions 〈${\mathit{S}}_{1}^{\mathit{z}}$${\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{i}}^{\mathit{z}}$〉...

The effect of food consistency on the bone appositional pattern at growth site in palatal region maxillary complex growing rats was examined by quantitative analysis employing histomorphometry. Sixty inbred male aged 14 days weaning period were divided into two groups. One group fed a conventional solid diet addition to milk, while other received same but liquid form They weaned 21 age. Vital staining employed enable longitudinal recording apposition. In diet, amount apposition occlusal...

A tractable direct optimization algorithm is developed to optimize orbitals in the Slater determinants (S-dets) a resonating Hartree-Fock (Res HF) wave function. We reduce variation space using put first order energy steepest descent direction. The next iteration are determined so as minimize functional including up second variation. This applied one dimensional Hubbard model of half-filling. optimized S-dets much deviate from trial prepared HF calculations. Res ground state generated with...

Thermodynamic properties of S=2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chains are studied not only under the periodic boundary condition but also open one employing a quantum Monte Carlo method. Temperature and size dependences energy, specific heat, magnetic susceptibility calculated edge effects on them investigated in detail. The heat shows well-pronounced Schottky anomaly maximum is located at temperature much larger than Haldane gap system. As goes to zero, vanishes for chains, while it diverges...