A5038213230- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Invertebrate Taxonomy and Ecology
- Groundwater flow and contamination studies
- Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Landfill Environmental Impact Studies
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Clay minerals and soil interactions
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Bone and Joint Diseases
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Weed Control and Herbicide Applications
- Study of Mite Species
- Marine and environmental studies
- Water Quality and Resources Studies
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
Agricultural Research Service
2009-2020
National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment
2013-2020
Iowa State University
2015
United States Department of Agriculture
1990-2014
Waters (United States)
1997-2013
Appalachian Sustainable Agriculture Project
2000-2013
National Sedimentation Laboratory
2013
The Ohio State University
2007-2011
Watershed
2008
University of Guelph
1985-1989
Abstract Previous research has established that macropores can rapidly transmit water through soil. This observation raised concern may also promote rapid movement of agricultural chemicals to groundwater. is a particular for no‐till fields where lack disruption by tillage lead the development extensive macropore systems. In order investigate effect initial rainfall on chemical transport, strontium bromide hexahydrate (SrBr 2 ·6H O) and atrazine (2‐chloro‐4‐ethylamino‐6‐isopro‐pylamino ‐ s...
Abstract Watershed studies have documented that summer storms produce less runoff from fields farmed with continuous no‐tillage corn ( Zea mays L.) than the same soils when is produced conventional tillage practices. The lack of favors a surface cover crop residue and persistence earthworm burrows, which been shown to be preferential flow paths for water chemicals, especially during intense storms. We investigated factors affecting chemical transport in burrows formed by Lumbricus terrestris...
Abstract Earthworm activity is believed to be beneficial for the maintenance of good soil structure; however, some research suggests that it promotes degradation. Factors affecting contribution casting aggregate stability were assessed by measuring clay dispersibility in casts produced Lumbricus terrestris L. and rubellus Hoff. laboratory cultures when provided alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.), bromegrass Bromus inermis Leyss.), red colver Trifolium pratense or corn Zea mays L.) leaves no food....
Abstract Water that infiltrates through cropland soils can carry agricultural chemicals and below the root zone, possibly reaching groundwater. We investigated effect of rainfall intensity on movement water no‐till soil containing earthworm ( Lumbricus terrestris L.) burrows other macropores. Nine 30 by cm blocks from surface a corn Zea mays field received application 7.7 kg ha ‐1 atrazine (2‐chloro‐4‐ethylamino‐6‐isopropylamino‐ s ‐triazine) 105 SrBr 2 ·6H O were subjected to simulated...
Effects of tillage on soil morphology and porosity were investigated in plots planted to corn (Zea mays L.) for seven consecutive years. Micromorphometric analyses indicated that Ap horizons no-till had approximately half the macroporosity (pores ≥ 200 μm equivalent circular diameter) those conventionally tilled plots. Loss was characterized by a decrease mean pore size tendency pores become elongated, less tortuous, oriented parallel surface. Obvious zoological activity, which consisted...
Subsurface injection of animal manure is a best management practice (BMP) that reduces odors and promotes efficient nutrient usage. In tile‐drained fields, however, injected wastes have been observed emerging from tile outlets shortly after application. This appears to be particular concern in no‐till fields where Lumbricus terrestris L. are often numerous. Our objective was determine if burrows created by this earthworm species can contribute rapid movement drains. A turbine blower used...
ABSTRACT: To evaluate the conditions under which flow occurs in earthworm burrows during natural rainstorms and its importance to downward nutrient movement, 50 lage (Lumbricus terrestris L.) an 18-year, continuous no-till cornfield were instrumented for sampling. During 5-month growing season following corn emergence, 12 storms caused 6 24 of monitored burrows, me smallest storm that [3.6 mm (0.14 inch) rain 0.3 hour] produced a total 115 ml (3.9 ounces) 7 holes. average [24 (1 rain],...
Soil particle density (ρ s ) is not routinely measured and assumed to range between 2.60 2.70 Mg m −3 or be a constant (2.65 when estimating essential properties such as porosity, volumetric water air relations. Values of ρ for the same soil may, however, differ significantly from standard due management‐induced changes in organic carbon (SOC) concentrations. We quantified Atterberg limits Rayne silt loam five long‐term (>22 yr) moldboard‐plowed continuous corn ( Zea mays L.; MP), no‐till...
Abstract Residual herbicides used in the production of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr] and corn ( Zea mays L.) are often detected surface runoff at concentrations exceeding their maximum contaminant levels (MCL) or health advisory (HAL). With advent transgenic, glyphosate‐tolerant glufosinate‐tolerant this concern might be reduced by replacing some residual with short half‐life, strongly sorbed, contact herbicides. We applied both herbicide types to two chiseled no‐till watersheds a 2‐yr...
Summary There have been many studies on the effects of tillage erosional losses from soil, but rarely soil organic carbon ( SOC ), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) quantified simultaneously during a single erosion event. We applied simulated rainfall event (70 mm hour −1 ) to plots within gently sloping field (6%) in Ohio, USA , which maize C4 cultivation had replaced C3 vegetation several decades earlier. The were under different management: (i) no till NT100 for 42 years; (ii) 50% NT50 or...
No‐till crop production can reduce soil erosion compared to conventional tillage, but there is concern that lack of fertilizer incorporation will increase loss dissolved nutrients in surface runoff. Therefore, we nutrient and sediment from two no‐till chisel‐till small (0.45–0.79 ha) watersheds managed a 2‐yr corn ( Zea mays L.)/soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr]–rye Secale cereale L.) cover rotation for 16 years. We also investigated the effect replacing some mineral N with manure red clover...
Earthworms are crucial for improving soil biophysical properties in cropping systems. Consequently, effects of rotation and bio-covers were assessed on earthworm populations under no-tillage. Main six different [corn (Zea mays), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), soybean (Glycine max)] rotations ranging from monocultures to greater complexity implemented four-year cycles 12 years at two sites Tennessee, USA with split-block bio-cover treatments hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), wheat (Triticum...
Abstract Pesticides and fertilizers are often broadcast on no‐till fields in the spring when soil water content can be quite variable. Soil may influence contribution of macropores matrix porosity to movement chemical transport subsequent rainfalls. Therefore, we surface‐applied SrBr 2 6H O, atrazine (2‐chloro‐4‐ethylamino‐6‐isopropylamino‐ s ‐triazine), alachlor [2‐chloro‐2′,6′‐diethyl‐ N ‐(methoxymethyl) acetanilide] nine, 30 by cm, undisturbed blocks obtained from a corn ( Zea mays L.)...