Empirical research and organismic theories suggest that lower well-being is associated with having extrinsic goals focused on rewards or praise relatively central to one's personality in comparison intrinsic congruent inherent growth tendencies. In a sample of adult subjects (Study 1), the relative importance efficacy aspirations for financial success, an appealing appearance, social recognition were vitality self-actualization more physical symptoms. Conversely, self-acceptance,...

Aspiring for financial success is an important aspect of capitalist cultures. Three studies examine the hypothesis that values and expectancies wealth money are negatively associated with adjustment well-being when they more central to individual than other self-relevant expectancies. Studies 1 2 use methods show relative centrality money-related related college students' mental health. Study 3, using a heterogeneous noncollege sample, extends these findings by showing high aspirations...

Three studies compared 10 candidate psychological needs in an attempt to determine which are truly most fundamental for humans. Participants described "most satisfying events" within their lives and then rated the salience of each these events. Supporting self-determination theory postulates (Ryan & Deci, 2000)--autonomy, competence, relatedness, were consistently among top 4 needs, terms both association with event-related affect. Self-esteem was also important, whereas self-actualization...

The assertion that both the content of goals and motives behind affect psychological well-being has been controversial. Three studies examined this issue directly, showing what people pursue (i.e., whether they strive for extrinsic vs. intrinsic goal contents) why them autonomous controlled motives) make significant independent contributions to well-being. pattern emerged in between-person within-person cross-sectional also a year-long study prospective change Implications prescriptive...

Although goal theorists have speculated about the causes and consequences of making progress at personal goals, little longitudinal research has examined these issues. In current prospective study, participants with stronger social self-regulatory skills made more in their goals over course a semester. turn, predicted increases psychological well-being, both short-term (5-day) increments across whole semester; At short- long-term levels analysis, however, amount that well-being increased...

Coherence and congruence-based measures of personality integration were related to a variety healthy characteristics. Functional coherence was defined as occurring when participants' "personal strivings" (R.A. Emmons, 1986) help bring about each other or higher level goals. Organismic congruence participants strive for self-determined reasons strivings intrinsic rather than extrinsic Study 1 found the inventory health well-being. 2 showed that these goal also role system prospective...

The authors investigated the structure of goal contents in a group 1,854 undergraduates from 15 cultures around world. Results suggested that 11 types goals assessed were consistently organized circumplex fashion across cultures. was well described by positioning 2 primary dimensions underlying goals: intrinsic (e.g., self-acceptance, affiliation) versus extrinsic financial success, image) and self-transcendent spirituality) physical hedonism). model also quite similar both wealthier poorer...

Research and theory on employee job satisfaction well‐being has increasingly concentrated both intrinsic extrinsic motivational factors. According to self‐determination (Deci & Ryan, 1985). autonomy, relatedness, competence are three psychological needs that, if fulfilled in the workplace, will lead greater satisfaction, performance, general well‐being. This study examines supervisor perceptions of employee's competence, relatedness as well degree direction discrepancies between reports....

Abstract We explored whether values focused on money, image, and popularity are associated with lowered well‐being, even in environmental circumstances supportive of such values. To this end, we administered three widely used measures a materialistic value orientation to 92 business students Singapore. As expected, those who had strongly internalized also reported self‐actualization, vitality happiness, as well increased anxiety, physical symptomatology, unhappiness. Results consistent past...

Organismic theories and recent research suggest that environments do not support growth self-expression are associated with valuing financial success relatively more than affiliation, community feeling, self-acceptance. This prediction was investigated in a heterogenous sample of 18-year-olds using variety methods informants. Teenagers who rated the importance aspirations high compared to other values were found have mothers less nurturant. Further, materially oriented teenagers grew up...

Theoretical work suggests that feelings of insecurity produce materialistic behavior, but most empirical evidence is correlational in nature. We therefore experimentally activated by having some subjects write short essays about death (mortality-salience condition). In Study 1, the mortality-salience condition, compared with who wrote a neutral topic, had higher financial expectations for themselves 15 years future, terms both their overall worth and amount they would be spending on...

Psychology rarely examines the effects of economic systems on people's lives. In this target article, we set out to explore some costs American corporate capitalism and its focus self-interest, competition, hierarchical wage labor, strong desires for financial profit growth. Specifically, apply recent cross-cultural research goal value (Schwartz, 1996 Schwartz, S. H. 1996. "Values priorities behavior: Applying theory integrated systems". The psychology values: Ontario symposium, Edited by:...

Aspiring for financial success is an important aspect of capitalist cultures. Three studies examine the hypothesis that values and expectancies wealth money are negatively associated with adjustment well-being when they more central to individual than other self-relevant expectancies. Studies 1 2 use methods show relative centrality money-related related college students' mental health. Study 3, using a heterogeneous noncollege sample, extends these findings by showing high aspirations...

Do activists lead happier and more fulfilled lives than the average person? Two online surveys using a sample of college students ( N = 341) national matched with control group 718) demonstrated that several indicators activism were positively associated measures hedonic, eudaimonic, social well‐being. Furthermore, in both studies, likely to be “flourishing” Keyes, 2002 ) nonactivists. A third study 296) explored possible causal role by measuring well‐being after subjects either engaged...