G. Collinson
A5001694122- Astro and Planetary Science
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Space exploration and regulation
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- History and Developments in Astronomy
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Photocathodes and Microchannel Plates
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Marine and environmental studies
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- Historical Astronomy and Related Studies
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
Goddard Space Flight Center
2015-2024
Heliophysics
2012-2024
Expedition (United Kingdom)
2024
Catholic University of America
2014-2023
University of America
2014-2023
University of California, Berkeley
2019-2021
Finnish Meteorological Institute
2021
Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics
2018
University of Michigan
2018
Michigan United
2018
The Fast Plasma Investigation (FPI) was developed for flight on the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission to measure differential directional flux of magnetospheric electrons and ions with unprecedented time resolution resolve kinetic-scale plasma dynamics. This increased has been accomplished by placing four dual 180-degree top hat spectrometers around periphery each MMS spacecraft. Using electrostatic field-of-view deflection, eight species together provide 4pi-sr with, at worst,...
Abstract We report on the in‐flight performance of Solar Wind Ion Analyzer (SWIA) and observations Mars‐solar wind interaction made during Mars Atmosphere Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) prime mission a portion its extended mission, covering 0.85 Martian years. describe data products returned by SWIA discuss proper handling measurements with different mechanical attenuator states telemetry modes, effects penetrating scattered backgrounds, limited phase space coverage, multi‐ion populations...
The Solar Orbiter mission seeks to make connections between the physical processes occurring at Sun or in solar corona and nature of wind created by those which is subsequently observed spacecraft. also targets itself during its journey from source To meet specific science goals, will be equipped with both remote-sensing in-situ instruments unprecedented measurements atmosphere inner heliosphere. A crucial set provided Wind Analyser (SWA) suite instruments. This consists an Electron System...
Coupling between the lower and upper atmosphere, combined with loss of gas from atmosphere to space, likely contributed thin, cold, dry modern Mars. To help understand ongoing ion Mars Atmosphere Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) spacecraft made comprehensive measurements ionosphere, interactions Sun solar wind during an interplanetary coronal mass ejection impact in March 2015. Responses include changes bow shock magnetosheath, formation widespread diffuse aurora, enhancement pick-up ions....
The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission, during the second of its Deep Dip campaigns, made comprehensive measurements martian thermosphere ionosphere composition, structure, variability at altitudes down to ~130 kilometers in subsolar region. This altitude range contains diffusively separated upper atmosphere just above well-mixed atmosphere, layer peak extreme ultraviolet heating primary reservoir for atmospheric escape. In situ reveal previously unmeasured populations...
Abstract We report Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) observations of electrons, ions, magnetic fields which provide comprehensive demonstration reconnection signatures in the Martian magnetotail. In near‐Mars tail current sheet at X MSO ∼−1.3 R M , trapped electrons with two‐sided loss cones were observed, indicating closed field topology. region, MAVEN observed Hall Marsward bulk flows H + O suggest presence lines tailward from spacecraft. Velocity distribution functions...
Abstract We report on the complex nature of induced Martian magnetotail using simultaneous magnetic field and plasma measurements from Mars Atmosphere Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft. Two case studies are analyzed which we identify (1) repetitive loading unloading tail flux as magnitude changes dramatically, exhibiting signatures similar to substorm activity within intrinsic magnetospheres; (2) multiple current sheet crossings indicative flapping; (3) tailward flowing high‐energy...
Context. The Rosetta spacecraft is currently escorting comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko until its perihelion approach at 1.2 AU. This mission has provided unprecedented views into the interaction of solar wind and as a function heliocentric distance.
Abstract We present Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN observations of large‐amplitude magnetosonic waves propagating through the magnetosheath into Martian ionosphere near subsolar point on dayside planet. The observed grow in amplitude as predicted for a wave denser, charged medium, with amplitudes reaching 25 nT, equivalent to ∼40% background field strength. These drive significant density temperature variations (∼20% 100% amplitude) suprathermal electrons light ion species (H + )...
On 2014 January 7 an X1.2 flare and coronal mass ejection (CME) with a radial speed ≈2500 km s−1 was observed from near active region close to disk center. This led many forecasters estimate rapid arrival at Earth (≈36 hr) predict strong geomagnetic storm. However, only glancing CME transit time of ≈49 hr KP index 3−. We study the interplanetary propagation this using ensemble Wang-Sheeley-Arge (WSA)–ENLIL+Cone model, that allows sampling parameter uncertainties. explore series simulations...
The current progress in the detection of terrestrial type exoplanets has opened a new avenue characterization exoplanetary atmospheres and search for biosignatures life with upcoming ground-based space missions. To specify conditions favorable origin, development sustainment as we know it other worlds, need to understand nature astrospheric, atmospheric surface environments habitable zones around G-K-M dwarfs including our young Sun. Global environment is formed by propagated disturbances...
Abstract Using data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Mars Atmosphere Voltatile EvolutioN European Agency Express spacecraft, we show that transient phenomena in foreshock solar wind can directly inject energy into ionosphere of Mars. We demonstrate impact compressive ultralow frequency waves on induced magnetospheres drive compressional, linearly polarized, magnetosonic ionosphere, a localized electromagnetic "ringing" at local proton gyrofrequency. The pulsations heat...
Abstract Understanding what processes govern atmospheric escape and the loss of planetary water is paramount importance for understanding how life in universe can exist. One mechanism thought to be important at all planets an “ambipolar” electric field that helps ions overcome gravity. We report discovery first quantitative extraterrestrial measurements such a planet Venus. Unexpectedly, despite comparable gravity, we show five times stronger than Earth's similar ionosphere. Contrary our...
Abstract Ionospheric plasma density disturbances significantly affect radio wave propagation, impacting communication and planetary exploration. At Earth, sporadic E layers (Es) are commonly observed. They characterized by thin, high-density structures in the E-region ionosphere, primarily formed electromagnetic forces induced horizontal wind shears. Similar sharp vertical electron changes have also been observed topside of Martian ionosphere missions like Mars Global Surveyor, Express,...
We present a multi‐instrument study of hot flow anomaly (HFA) observed by the Venus Express spacecraft in Venusian foreshock, on 22 March 2008, incorporating both Magnetometer and Analyzer Space Plasmas Energetic Atoms (ASPERA) plasma observations. Centered an interplanetary magnetic field discontinuity with inward convective motional electric fields sides, decreased core strength, ion observations consistent deflection, bounded compressive heated edges, properties this event are those HFAs...
Abstract An important mechanism in the generation of polar wind outflow is ambipolar electric potential which assists ions overcoming gravity and a key for Terrestrial ionospheric escape. At Mars, open field lines are not confined to poles, electrons observed far into tail. It has thus been hypothesized that similar may be present at contributing global loss. However, no direct measurements this have made. In pilot study, we examine photoelectron spectra measured by Solar Wind Electron...
We report our findings comparing the geometric factor (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\begin{document}$\mathbb {GF}$\end{document}GF) as determined from simulations and laboratory measurements of new Dual Electron Spectrometer (DES) being developed at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center part Fast Plasma Investigation on NASA’s Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. Particle are increasingly playing an essential role in design calibration electrostatic analyzers, facilitating identification mitigation...
Venus is gradually losing some of its atmosphere in the form ions through induced magnetotail. Some these have been reported previously to flow back planet. Proposed drivers are magnetic reconnection and deflection pickup field. We analyze protons oxygen with eV keV energies acquired by ASPERA-4/IMA instrument throughout entire Express mission. find that venusward flowing important sense their density deposition rate into same order magnitude as escape downtail ions. Our analysis shows...
Abstract One possible ion escape channel at Mars is a polar wind‐like outflow driven by parallel electric fields and/or other acceleration mechanisms. With independent potential estimates from ionospheric photoelectron measurements the Solar Wind Electron Analyzer (SWEA) and SupraThermal And Thermal Ion Composition (STATIC) onboard Atmosphere Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft, magnetic field‐aligned potentials are calculated as difference of two. The have average values that range 0 to...
Abstract Interplanetary dust particles have long been expected to produce permanent ionospheric metal ion layers at Mars, as on Earth, but the two environments are so different that uncertainty existed whether terrestrial‐established understanding would apply Mars. The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission made first in situ detection of continuous presence Na + , Mg Fe indeed revealed non‐Earthlike features/processes. There is no separation light heavy with increasing...