A5055209281- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Space exploration and regulation
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Mechanical and Optical Resonators
- Iterative Methods for Nonlinear Equations
- Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
Virginia Tech
2024-2025
European Space Astronomy Centre
2015-2024
University College London
2007-2014
European Space Research and Technology Centre
2013-2014
Augsburg University
2014
UCL Australia
2012
St Petersburg University
2008
British Antarctic Survey
2006
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
2001-2004
University of Copenhagen
2001
Solar Orbiter, the first mission of ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme and a international collaboration between ESA NASA, will explore Sun heliosphere from close up out ecliptic plane. It was launched on 10 February 2020 04:03 UTC Cape Canaveral aims to address key questions solar heliospheric physics pertaining how creates controls Heliosphere, why activity changes with time. To answer these, carries six remote-sensing instruments observe corona, four in-situ measure wind, energetic...
The magnetometer instrument on the Solar Orbiter mission is designed to measure magnetic field local spacecraft continuously for entire duration. need characterise not only background but also its variations scales from far above well below proton gyroscale result in challenging requirements stability, precision, and noise, as operational limitations both other instruments. vibration thermal environment has led significant development of mechanical sensor design. overall design, performance,...
After decades of observations solar energetic particles from space-based observatories, relevant questions on particle injection, transport, and acceleration remain open. To address these scientific topics, accurate measurements the properties in inner heliosphere are needed. In this paper we describe Energetic Particle Detector (EPD), an instrument suite that is part payload aboard Solar Orbiter mission. will approach Sun as close 0.28 au provide extra-ecliptic beyond ∼30° heliographic...
Solar Orbiter is the first space mission observing solar plasma both in situ and remotely, from a close distance, out of ecliptic. The ultimate goal to understand how Sun produces controls heliosphere, filling System driving planetary environments. With six remote-sensing four in-situ instrument suites, coordination planning operations are essential address following top-level science questions: (1) What drives wind where does coronal magnetic field originate? (2) How do transients drive...
Abstract. Magnetic holes with relatively small scale sizes, detected by Cluster and TC-1 in the magnetotail plasma sheet, are studied this paper. It is found that these magnetic spatial structures they not depressions generated flapping movement of current sheet. Most (93%) were observed during intervals Bz larger than Bx, i.e. more likely to occur a dipolarized field topology. Our results also suggest occurrence might have close relationship dipolarization process. The typically size...
Abstract Field‐aligned beams of suprathermal electrons, known as “strahl,” are a frequently observed constituent solar wind plasma. However, the formation and interplanetary evolution strahl electron populations has yet to be fully understood. As electrons travel away from Sun, they move into regions decreasing magnetic field strength thus subject adiabatic focusing. widths pitch angle distributions at 1 AU significantly broader than expected. Previous investigations have found that average...
Abstract We investigate the nature of magnetic turbulent fluctuations, around ion characteristic scales, in a fast solar wind stream, by using Cluster data. Contrarily to slow wind, where both Alfvénic ( <?CDATA $\delta {b}_{\perp }\gg \delta {b}_{\parallel }$?> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>δ</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>⊥</mml:mo> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>≫</mml:mo> <mml:mo stretchy="false">∥</mml:mo>...
Solar Orbiter strives to unveil how the Sun controls and shapes heliosphere fills it with energetic particle radiation. To this end, its Energetic Particle Detector (EPD) has now been in operation, providing excellent data, for just over a year. EPD measures suprathermal particles energy range from few keV up (near-) relativistic energies (few MeV electrons about 500 MeV/nuc ions). We present an overview of initial results first year operations we provide assessment issues limitations....
The HIV-1 trans-activation responsive element (TAR) RNA 59-residue stem−loop interacts with the HIV trans-activator protein Tat and other cellular factors to stimulate transcriptional elongation from viral long terminal repeat (LTR). Inhibition of these interactions blocks full-length transcription hence replication. We have found that three types 12-residue oligonucleotide analogues, namely, a 2'-O-methyl oligoribonucleotide (OMe), chimeric containing 7×OMe 5×5-methyl C locked nucleic acid...
We report the results of a multi-instrument, multi-technique, coordinated study solar eruptive event 13 May 2005. discuss resultant Earth-directed (halo) coronal mass ejection (CME), and effects on terrestrial space environment upper Earth atmosphere. The interplanetary CME (ICME) impacted Earth's magnetosphere caused most-intense geomagnetic storm 2005 with Disturbed Storm Time (Dst) index reaching −263 nT at its peak. responded to global scale. have combined observations measurements from...
[1] We present results from the first systematic survey of proton and electron pitch angle distributions in magnetotail, based on Cluster CIS PEACE data binned by plasma β (βp). The conform to canonical picture magnetotail ions - a boundary layer made up Earthward streaming bidirectional field-aligned particles, consistent with recent observations time-varying beamlets, which gives way broadly isotropic central sheet when βp ∼ 3. are significantly different picture. A "boundary layer"...
Context. The launch of Parker Solar Probe (PSP) in 2018, followed by Orbiter (SO) February 2020, has opened a new window the exploration solar magnetic activity and origin heliosphere. These missions, together with other space observatories dedicated to observations, such as Dynamics Observatory, Hinode, IRIS, STEREO, SOHO, complementary situ observations from WIND ACE, ground based multi-wavelength including DKIST observatory that just seen first light, promise revolutionize our...
Abstract. Depleted flux tubes, or plasma bubbles, are one possible explanation of bursty bulk flows, which transient high speed flows thought to be responsible for a large proportion transport in the magnetotail. Here we report observations such bubble, made by four Cluster spacecraft and Double Star TC-2 around 14:00 UT on 21 September 2005, during period southward, but BY-dominated IMF. In particular first direct return edges bubble features within 8 RE Earth, consistent with MHD...
Abstract In this paper we utilize 9 years of Cluster observations in the Earth's magnetotail to investigate electron pitch angle/energy distributions. We mainly concentrate on population anisotropic electrons with a dominance parallel phase space density and energies larger than 100 eV. The energy distribution strongly varies downtail distance (the near‐Earth x >−12 R E tail ∈[−20,−12] ) along dawn‐dusk direction midnight | y |<10 flanks |>10 ). tail‐midnight domain is present at...
Abstract Although the effects of magnetic reconnection in magnetospheres can be observed at planetary scales, is initiated electron scales a plasma. Surrounding diffusion region, there an Ion‐Decoupling Region (IDR) size ion length (inertial and gyroradius). Reconnection Earth's magnetopause often includes cold magnetospheric (few tens eV), hot (10 keV), magnetosheath (1 keV) ions, with different gyroradius scales. We report observations subregion inside IDR population (∼15 km) where ions...
In this research, the properties of a tail current sheet, which has flattened geometry, and its evolution during substorm activity have been investigated. The geometrical configuration magnetic field spatial distribution density in sheet revealed with certainty for first time. It is found that such sufficiently strong B y (GSM) within neutral lines (MFLs) are lie almost GSM equatorial plane normal directions generally northward. Detailed analyses show that, spiral‐like, not curves,...
We report our findings comparing the geometric factor (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\begin{document}$\mathbb {GF}$\end{document}GF) as determined from simulations and laboratory measurements of new Dual Electron Spectrometer (DES) being developed at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center part Fast Plasma Investigation on NASA’s Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. Particle are increasingly playing an essential role in design calibration electrostatic analyzers, facilitating identification mitigation...
We survey the properties of electron pitch angle distributions in magnetotail plasma sheet at a distance between 15 and 19 R E from Earth, using data Plasma Electron Current Experiment (PEACE) instrument. limit our to those measured when interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) had been steadily northward or southward for previous 3 h. find that, sub‐keV energies, distribution has an anisotropy such that there is higher differential energy flux electrons (anti‐) field‐aligned directions. Fitting...
We use three-dimensional (3-D) fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations to study the occurrence of magnetic reconnection in a simulation decaying turbulence created by anisotropic counter-propagating low-frequency Alfvén waves consistent with critical-balance theory. observe formation small-scale current-density structures such as current filaments and sheets well flux ropes part turbulent cascade. The large present domain retain initial anisotropy while produced cascade are less...
<title>Abstract</title> Heifer Infertility and disease are important challenges in dairy cattle production. Here, genetic differences between Holstein heifers with varying fertility potential health were investigated. A genome-wide association analysis was carried out to compare that conceived at first insemination against those requiring multiple attempts or failing become pregnant, as well culled due issues. There 12 significant SNPs (P<5x10<sup>-5</sup>) associated 35 traits. 166 when...