Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in United States current year compiles most recent data on incidence, mortality, survival. Incidence were collected by National Institute, Centers for Disease Control Prevention, North Association Central Registries mortality Center Health Statistics. A total 1,665,540 585,720 are projected to 2014. During 5 years which there (2006-2010), delay-adjusted incidence rates declined slightly...

The age-adjusted cancer rates are defined as the weighted average of age-specific rates, where weights positive, known, and normalized so that their sum is 1. Fay Feuer developed a confidence interval for single rate based on gamma approximation. used approximations to construct an F ratio two rates. Modifications intervals proposed simulation study carried out show these modified more efficient than intervals, respectively, in sense have empirical coverage probabilities less or equal...

The annual percent change (APC) is often used to measure trends in disease and mortality rates, a common estimator of this parameter uses linear model on the log age-standardized rates. Under assumption linearity scale, which equivalent constant assumption, APC can be equivalently defined three ways as transformations either (1) slope line that runs through each rate, (2) ratio last rate first series, or (3) geometric mean proportional changes rates over series. When fails then definition...

Abstract Background: Cervical cancer prevention programs are being reconfigured to incorporate human papillomavirus (HPV) testing and vaccination. To define priority areas for efforts, we examined the geographic distribution of cervical screening, incidence, stage, mortality in United States, prior introduction HPV-based technologies. Methods: County-level incidence data from 37 central registries were obtained Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results North American Association Central Cancer...

Background Intrahepatic (ICC) and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ECC) are tumors that arise from cholangiocytes in the bile duct, but ICCs coded as primary liver cancers while ECCs biliary tract cancers. The etiology of these is not well understood. It has been suggested ICC more similar to another type cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), than ECC. If this true, geographic incidence patterns trends should be HCC Methods To examine hypothesis, data North American Association Central...

Despite gains in life expectancy between 1992 to 2012, large disparities continue exist the United States subgroups of population. This study aimed develop detailed tables (LT), accounting for mortality differences by race, geography, and socio-economic status (SES), more accurately measure relative cancer survival patterns States.We estimated an extensive set County SES-LT fitting Poisson regression models deaths population counts U.S. counties age, year, gender, ethnicity county-level SES...

In geographical spatial epidemiology and disease surveillance, all the existing scan methods for cluster detection using continuous data are designed evaluating clusters of individuals analyzing individual-level data. Motivated by growing demands to study heterogeneity measures in population data, such as mortality rates, survival average body mass indexes pollution at state, county, census tract levels, we propose a weighted normal statistic investigating cells (geographic units counties)...

The Bach model was developed to predict the absolute 10-year risk of developing lung cancer among smokers by use participants in Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial prevention. We assessed validity 6239 from placebo arm Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study. expected numbers cases deaths without were calculated compared with observed corresponding events over 10 years. found that slightly underestimated (number cancers expected/number = 0.89, 95% confidence interval...

Abstract BACKGROUND. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the spatiotemporal projection models applied by American Cancer Society predict number of new cancer cases. METHODS. Adaptations a model that has been used since 2007 were evaluated. Modeling is conducted in 3 steps. In step I, ecologic predictors variation are estimate age‐specific incidence counts for every county country, providing an even those areas missing data specific years. Step II adjusts I estimates reporting...

BACKGROUND Cancer incidence rates and trends for cases diagnosed through 2014 using data reported to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results (SEER) program in February 2016 a validation of 2013 submitted 2015 November submission are reported. New cancer sites include pancreas, kidney renal pelvis, corpus uterus, childhood ages birth 19 years inclusive. METHODS A new reporting delay model is presented these estimates more consistent results with used usual SEER submissions, adjusting...

Abstract Background: Population-representative risks of metastatic recurrence are not generally available because cancer registries do collect data on recurrence. This article presents a novel method that estimates the risk using registry disease-specific survival. Methods: The is based an illness–death process coupled with mixture cure model for net inferred from estimated survival among noncured fraction and published after We apply to curves female breast cases without prior diagnosis...

Population-based cancer registries that include patient follow-up generally provide information regarding net survival (ie, associated with the risk of dying in absence competing risks). However, registry data also can be used to calculate from presence risks, which is more clinically relevant.Statistical methods were developed predict death and other causes, as well natural life expectancy if did not have based on a profile prognostic factors including characteristics cancer, demographic...

With the refinement of urban transportation network, more and passengers choose combined mode. To provide better inter-trip services, it is necessary to integrate forecast passenger flow multi-level rail transit network improve connectivity different transport modes. The difficulty prediction lies in complexity spatiotemporal characteristics data, composition, research. At present, most research focuses on one mode or within city, while comprehensive analysis under various modes less. This...

In the field of cluster detection, a weighted normal model-based scan statistic was recently developed to analyze regional continuous data and evaluate clustering pattern pre-defined cells (such as state, county, tract, school, hospital) that include many individuals. The measures interest are, for example, survival rate, mortality length physical activity, or obesity measure, namely, body mass index, at cell level with an uncertainty measure each cell. this paper, we extend method search...

Providing reliable estimates of the ratios cancer incidence and mortality rates across geographic regions has been important for National Institute (NCI) Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results (SEER) Program as it profiles risk factors well decides control planning. A fundamental difficulty, however, arises when such have to be computed compare rate a subregion (e.g., California) with that parent region US). Such comparison is often made policy-making purposes. Based on F-approximations...

To determine if differences in screening and vaccination patterns across the population may accentuate ethnic geographic variation future burden of disease.Using Cancer North America data provided by American Association Central Registries, county cervical cancer incidence trends from 1995 to 2009 were modeled for entire United States using ecologic covariates. Rates health service areas also ethnicity. State-level was mapped together with Papanicolaou (Pap) screening, past 3 years (women ≥...

Li and Tiwari (2008) recently developed a corrected Z-test statistic for comparing the trends in cancer age-adjusted mortality incidence rates across overlapping geographic regions, by properly adjusting correlation between slopes of fitted simple linear regression equations. One their key assumptions is that error variances have unknown but common variance. However, since are combinations or counts, arising naturally from an underlying Poisson process, this constant variance assumption may...

Standard cancer prognosis models typically do not include much specificity in characterizing competing illnesses or general health status when providing estimates, limiting their utility for individuals, who must consider the context of overall health. This is especially true patients with oral cancer, frequently have illnesses.

BACKGROUND The National Cancer Institute's cancer incidence estimates through 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries' November 2017 submission are released in April 2018. METHODS Early (February 2017) of rates trends SEER 18 registries for diagnoses 2000 were evaluated with a revised delay‐adjustment model, which was used to adjust undercount cases early release. For first time, produced race (whites blacks) along new sites: oral cavity pharynx, leukemia,...

The annual percent change (APC) has been used as a measure to describe the trend in age-adjusted cancer incidence or mortality rate over relatively short time intervals. yearly data on these rates are available from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of National Cancer Institute. traditional methods estimate APC is fit linear regression logarithm using least squares method weighted method, use slope parameter define between two consecutive years. For comparing for...

Cancer registries collect cancer incidence data that can be used to calculate rates in a population and track changes over time. For accurate, it is critical diagnosed cases reported timely manner. Registries typically allow fixed amount of time (e.g. two years) for before releasing the initial case counts particular diagnosis year. Inevitably, however, additional are after released; these extra included subsequent releases become more complete time, while based on earlier will underestimate...

In the setting of a new cancer diagnosis, focus is usually on as main threat to survival, but people may have other conditions that pose an equal or greater their life than cancer: competing risk death. This especially true for patients who oral cavity, because prolonged exposure alcohol and tobacco are factors in this location also can result medical with potential shorten expectancy, cause death intervene conjunction before cancer.

Background: The American Cancer Society publishes Facts & Figures every year to provide estimated incidence rates and case counts for the current calendar year.Childhood cancer (children aged 0-14 with all cancer) was also reported in Figures, but there is no report on patients 15-19 years of age or combined 0-19 age, major childhood cancers such as leukemia.There may be different effects socioeconomic status geography comparison adults.Therefore, models used predict need modified accurately...

The relative concentration index (RCI) and the absolute (ACI) have been widely used for monitoring health disparities with ranked determinants. RCI has extended to allow value judgments about inequality aversion by Pereira in 1998 Wagstaff 2002. Previous studies of focused on survey sample data. This paper adapts use directly standardized rates (DSRs) calculated from population‐based surveillance A Taylor series linearization (TL)–based variance estimator is developed evaluated using...

This paper demonstrates the flexibility of a general approach for analysis discrete time competing risks data that can accommodate complex structures, different scales causes, and nonstandard sampling schemes. The may involve single source where all individuals contribute to analyses both cause-specific hazard functions, overlapping datasets some function only one cause while other or separate sources each individual contributes cause. is modularized into estimation prediction. For step,...