A5006886999- Culture, Economy, and Development Studies
- Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Historical Economic and Social Studies
- Electoral Systems and Political Participation
- Media Influence and Politics
- Religion and Society Interactions
- Historical Economic and Legal Thought
- Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems
- Hong Kong and Taiwan Politics
- Energy, Environment, Economic Growth
- Political Influence and Corporate Strategies
- China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance
- American Constitutional Law and Politics
- Economic Policies and Impacts
- Social Media and Politics
- Innovation Policy and R&D
- Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
- Higher Education Governance and Development
- Labor market dynamics and wage inequality
- Political Economy and Marxism
- Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities
- Monetary Policy and Economic Impact
- Economic Growth and Development
- Taxation and Compliance Studies
- Political Philosophy and Ethics
University of Oxford
2023-2025
Centre for Economic Policy Research
2020-2024
Center for Economic and Policy Research
2022-2024
Ifo Institute for Economic Research
2021-2024
University of California, Berkeley
2012-2023
National Bureau of Economic Research
2014-2023
Harvard University
2014-2023
London School of Economics and Political Science
2017-2023
Harvard University Press
2010-2023
IIT@MIT
2020-2023
Using a high-stakes field experiment conducted with financial brokerage, we implement novel design to separately identify two channels of social influence in decisions, both widely studied theoretically.When someone purchases an asset, his peers may also want purchase it, because they learn from choice ("social learning") and possession the asset directly affects others' utility owning same utility").We randomize whether one member peer pair who chose has that implemented, thus randomizing...
We study the causal effect of school curricula on students' political attitudes, exploiting a major textbook reform in China between 2004 and 2010. The sharp, staggered introduction new curriculum across provinces allows us to identify its effects. examine government documents articulating desired consequences changes textbooks reflecting these aims. A survey we conducted reveals that was often successful shaping while evidence behavior is mixed. Studying led more positive views China's...
We study employers' perceptions of the value postsecondary degrees using a field experiment. randomly assign sector and selectivity institutions to fictitious resumes apply real vacancy postings for business health jobs on large online job board. find that bachelor's degree from for-profit institution is 22 percent less likely receive callback than one nonselective public institution. In applications jobs, we credentials fewer callbacks unless requires an external quality indicator such as...
We examine whether online learning technologies have led to lower prices in higher education. Using data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, we show that education is concentrated large for-profit chains and less-selective public institutions. find colleges with a share of students charge tuition prices. present evidence declining real relative for full-time undergraduate 2006 2013. Although pattern results suggests some hope technology can “bend cost curve” education,...
Social scientists have long viewed the decision to protest as strategic, with an individual's participation a function of their beliefs about others' turnout. We conduct framed field experiment that recalibrates individuals' participation, in context Hong Kong's ongoing antiauthoritarian movement. elicit subjects' planned upcoming and prior incentivized manner. One day before protest, we randomly provide subset subjects truthful information plans posterior turnout, again After actual...
We study the causes of sustained participation in political movements. To identify persistent effect protest participation, we randomly indirectly incentivize Hong Kong university students into an antiauthoritarian protest. role social networks, randomize this treatment’s intensity across major-cohort cells. find that incentives to attend one within a movement increase subsequent attendance but only when sufficient fraction individual’s network is also incentivized initial One-time...
Abstract Developing artificial intelligence (AI) technology requires data. In many domains, government data far exceed in magnitude and scope collected by the private sector, AI firms often gain access to such when providing services state. We argue that can stimulate commercial innovation part because trained algorithms are shareable across uses. gather comprehensive information on public security procurement contracts China’s facial recognition industry. quantify accessible through...
Abstract Recent scholarship has suggested that artificial intelligence (AI) technology and autocratic regimes may be mutually reinforcing. We test for a reinforcing relationship in the context of facial-recognition AI China. To do so, we gather comprehensive data on firms government procurement contracts, as well social unrest across China since early 2010s. first show autocrats benefit from AI: local leads to greater new political control, increased indeed suppresses subsequent unrest....
Abstract We present new data documenting medieval Europe’s Commercial Revolution using information on the establishment of markets in Germany. use these to test whether universities played a causal role expanding economic activity, examining foundation Germany’s first after 1386 following papal schism. find that trend rate market breaks upward and this break is greatest where distance university shrank most. There no differential pre-1386 associated with reduction university, there proximity...
Using novel microdata, we document an important, unintended consequence of the Protestant Reformation: a reallocation resources from religious to secular purposes. To understand this process, propose conceptual framework in which introduction competition shifts political markets where authorities provide legitimacy rulers exchange for control over resources. Consistent with our framework, changed balance power between and elites: acquired enormous amounts wealth monasteries closed during...
We present evidence that Washington State judges respond to political pressure by sentencing serious crimes more severely. Sentences are around 10% longer at the end of a judge's cycle than beginning; judges' discretionary departures above guidelines range increase 50% across electoral cycle, accounting for much greater severity. Robustness specifications, nonlinear models, and falsification exercises allow us distinguish among explanations increased severity cycles. Our findings inform...
British Master and Servant law made employee contract breach a criminal offense until 1875. We develop contracting model generating equilibrium prosecutions, then exploit exogenous changes in output prices to examine the effects of labor demand shocks on prosecutions. Positive textile, iron, coal industries increased Following abolition sanctions, wages differentially rose counties that had experienced more responded shocks. Coercive enforcement was applied industrial Britain; restricted...
Developing AI technology requires data.In many domains, government data far exceeds in magnitude and scope collected by the private sector, firms often gain access to such when providing services state.We argue that can stimulate commercial innovation part because trained algorithms are shareable across uses.We gather comprehensive information on public security procurement contracts China's facial recognition industry.We quantify accessible through measuring agencies' capacity collect...
Abstract We identify Pakistani men’s willingness to pay preserve their anti-American identity using two experiments imposing clearly specified financial costs on expression, with minimal consequential or social considerations. In distinct studies, one-quarter one-third of subjects forgo payments from the U.S. government worth around one-fifth a day’s wage avoid an identity-threatening choice: anonymously checking box indicating gratitude toward government. find sensitivity both payment size...
We document three facts about the global diffusion of surveillance AI technology, and in particular, role played by China. First, China has a comparative advantage this technology. It is substantially more likely to export than other countries, particularly so as compared frontier technologies. Second, autocracies weak democracies are import from This bias not observed imports US or technologies Third, especially China’s years domestic unrest. Such coincide with declines institutional...
ABSTRACT For centuries universities have been a locus of elite creation . In the Middle Ages, university‐trained elites were leaders Church, served in secular lords' administrations and staffed judiciary. Over time, their scope has expanded to include leadership governments, corporations, civil society more broadly. Universities play two roles elite: selection education. Both these historically subject intense contestation, with outcomes shaping range political economic outcomes. this piece,...
We evaluate the role of taxes on overseas trade in development imperial Britain’s fiscal-military state. Influential work, for example, Brewer’s Sinews Power , attributed increased fiscal capacity to taxation domestic, rather than traded, goods: excise revenues, coarsely associated with domestic goods, grew faster customs revenues. construct new historical revenue series disaggregating revenues from traded and goods. find substantial growth accounting over half indirect around 1800. This...
Abstract The significance of the state’s fiscal system for military capacity, colonization, trade, and economic development is a long-studied topic. Much scholarship has focused on Britain emergence its fiscal-military state. This article shows that capacity was not created only by government bureaucracies: ‘company-state at home’ model presented here complements narrative ‘fiscal-military state’ showing much revenue from trade realized through action English East India Company (EIC)....