A new technique is presented in which half-hourly global precipitation estimates derived from passive microwave satellite scans are propagated by motion vectors geostationary infrared data. The Climate Prediction Center morphing method (CMORPH) uses interval IR imagery to propagate the relatively high quality In addition, shape and intensity of features modified (morphed) during time between sensor performing a time-weighted linear interpolation. This process yields spatially temporally...

The One-Degree Daily (1DD) technique is described for producing globally complete daily estimates of precipitation on a 1° × lat/long grid from currently available observational data. Where possible (40°N–40°S), the Threshold-Matched Precipitation Index (TMPI) provides in which 3-hourly infrared brightness temperatures (IR Tb) are compared with threshold and all “cold” pixels given single rate. This approach an adaptation Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite Index, but TMPI IR...

Satellite‐based precipitation estimates have great potential for a wide range of critical applications, but their error characteristics need to be examined and understood. In this study, six (6) high‐resolution, satellite‐based data sets are evaluated over the contiguous United States against gauge‐based product. An decomposition scheme is devised separate errors into three independent components, hit bias, missed precipitation, false better track sources associated with satellite retrieval...

Abstract The Climate Prediction Center (CPC) morphing technique (CMORPH) satellite precipitation estimates are reprocessed and bias corrected on an 8 km × grid over the globe (60°S–60°N) in a 30-min temporal resolution for 18-yr period from January 1998 to present form climate data record (CDR) of high-resolution global analysis. First, purely satellite-based CMORPH (raw CMORPH) reprocessed. integration algorithm is fixed input level 2 passive microwave (PMW) retrievals instantaneous rates...

Abstract Satellite-derived high-resolution precipitation products (HRPP) have been developed to address the needs of user community and are now available with 0.25° × (or less) subdaily resolutions. This paper evaluates a number commonly satellite-derived HRPPs covering northwest Europe over 6-yr period. Precipitation include Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multisatellite Analysis (TMPA), Climate Prediction Center (CPC) morphing (CMORPH) technique, CPC merged microwave Naval...

Abstract A Kalman filter (KF)-based Climate Prediction Center (CPC) morphing technique (CMORPH) algorithm is developed to integrate the passive microwave (PMW) precipitation estimates from low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites and infrared (IR) observations geostationary (GEO) platforms. With new algorithm, analysis at a grid box of 8 × km 2 defined in three steps. First, PMW instantaneous rain rates closest target time both forward backward directions are propagated their observation times using...

A system has been developed and implemented that merges pixel resolution (~4 km) infrared (IR) satellite data from all available geostationary meteorological satellites into a global (60°N–60°S) product. The resulting research-quality, nearly seamless array of information is made possible by recent work Joyce et al., who technique to correct IR temperatures at targets far nadir. At such locations, are colder than if identical features were measured target near This correction procedure...

Abstract This study focuses on the evaluation of NOAA–NCEP Climate Prediction Center (CPC) morphing technique (CMORPH) satellite-based rainfall product at fine space–time resolutions (1 h and 8 km). The was conducted during a 28-month period from 2004 to 2006 using high-quality experimental rain gauge network in southern Louisiana, United States. dense arrangement gauges allowed for multiple be located within single CMORPH pixel provided relatively reliable approximation pixel-average...

The diurnal cycle of precipitation is examined both regionally and globally in this paper using high spatial temporal resolution analyses that have been produced by NOAA's Climate Prediction Center morphing technique (CMORPH). 8‐km (at the equator) 30‐minute these permit an in‐depth look at over globe. First, a macroscopic global view presented. Power spectrum analysis reveals variations dominate variability compared to all other timescales. Next, detailed regional examinations are made...

Abstract Possible effects of the diurnal cycle in land convection on propagation Madden–Julian Oscillation over Indo‐Pacific Maritime Continent (MC) were investigated using satellite observations. Four features distinguishable from their respective climatology are uniquely associated with MJO events that cross MC: strong precipitation as centers approach MC, subsequent increased soil moisture, reduced amplitude convection, and dominance water by nondiurnal move MC. These results provide...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Use of Phosphorous Acid Chlorides in Peptide Synthesis1Richard W. Young, Kathryn H. Wood, R. Janice Joyce, and George AndersonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 10, 2126–2131Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01591a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01591a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle...

Abstract Algorithms for deriving estimates of monthly mean rainfall from infrared satellite observations are described and a classification scheme based on the amount spatial temporal information used is discussed. Estimates simple IR‐only algorithm averaged over period 1986–92 compared with two long‐term averages (climatologies). While intensity location annual features quite similar in all these, found to be systematically higher land. Over oceans, differences between other data sets...

Pereira Filho, Augusto J., Richard E. Carbone, John Janowiak, Phillip Arkin, Robert Joyce, Ricardo Hallak, and Camila G.M. Ramos, 2010. Satellite Rainfall Estimates Over South America – Possible Applicability to the Water Management of Large Watersheds. Journal American Resources Association (JAWRA) 46(2):344‐360. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2009.00406.x Abstract: This work analyzes high‐resolution precipitation data from satellite‐derived rainfall estimates over America, especially Amazon...

Determining the family to which a malicious file belongs is an essential component of cyberattack investigation, attribution, and remediation. Performing this task manually time consuming requires expert knowledge. Automated tools using that label malware antivirus detections lack accuracy and/or scalability, making them insufficient for real-world applications. Three pervasive shortcomings in these are responsible: (1) incorrect parsing detections, (2) errors during alias resolution, (3)...

Abstract Diagnosing errors in spaceborne oceanic precipitation estimates is difficult due to complicated multi-satellite algorithms and limited surface-based measurements. The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission helps alleviate these challenges with NASA’s Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) product, which transparently designed encourage community validation activities, the Validation Network, collects observations across global regimes from over 100...

A combined Microwave/Infrared Rain Rate Algorithm (MIRRA) is presented. Historically, infrared algorithms have benefited from excellent temporal sampling, but the relationship between cloud top temperature and surface rain rate very indirect. Alternatively, passive microwave are typically more physically direct accurate, yet associated sensors do not provide favourable sampling for daily monthly rainfall amounts. MIRRA an attempt to utilize strengths of these two broad approaches measurement...

Nine years (1986–94) of tropical and subtropical precipitation estimates based on the GOES index (GPI) are examined. The GPI, results studies relating fractional coverage cold cloud to convective rainfall, uses IR observations gathered by geostationary polar-orbiting satellites. Longitudinal discontinuities in mean GPI coincident with boundaries satellite led a comparison derived from each overlap regions. This study revealed both intersatellite calibration differences zenith angle...

The Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit‐B (AMSU‐B) high frequency channels (89 and 150‐GHz) provide the ability to detect scattering associated with precipitation sized ice particles and, indirectly rate. Despite fact that AMSU (a “sounder”) wasn't designed for rainfall retrieval, many studies show it is possible use this information retrieval therefore, researchers them in blending techniques estimate at global scale. main advantage of approach availability three NOAA POES satellites spaced...

Abstract NASA’s multisatellite precipitation product from the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) product, is validated over tropical and high-latitude oceans June 2014 to August 2021. This oceanic study uses Validation Network’s island-based radars assess IMERG when Core Observatory ’s Microwave Imager (GMI) observes at these sites (i.e., IMERG-GMI). Error tracing Level 3 (gridded) V06B back through input 2 (satellite...

The equivalent brightness temperature Tb recorded by geosynchronous infrared (geo-IR) "window" channel (10.7–11.5 μm) satellite sensors is shown to depend on the zenith angle (local from for a pixel's ground location) in addition mix of clouds and surface that would be observed direct overhead viewpoint (nadir view). This zenith-angle dependence characterized, two corrections are developed collection half-hourly geo-IR pixel data have been parallax corrected averaged 0.5° ×...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComparison of oxidative and reductive methods for the microcoulometric determinations sulfur in hydrocarbonsL. D. Wallace, W. Kohlenberger, R. J. Joyce, Robert Taylor. Moore, M. E. Riddle, James A. McNultyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1970, 42, 3, 387–394Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March...

Abstract Summertime rainfall over the United States and Mexico is examined compared with forecasts from operational numerical prediction models. In particular, distribution of amounts diurnal cycle investigated model forecasts. This study focuses on a 35-day period (12 July–15 August 2004) that occurred amid North American Monsoon Experiment (NAME) field campaign. Three-hour precipitation models were validated against satellite-derived estimates adjusted by daily rain gauge data to remove...

Abstract The blended monthly sea surface salinity (SSS) analysis, called the NOAA “Blended Analysis of Surface Salinity” (BASS), is constructed for 4 year period from 2010 to 2013. Three data sets are employed as inputs analysis: in situ SSS measurements aggregated and quality controlled by NOAA/NODC, passive microwave (PMW) retrievals both National Aeronautics Space Administration's (NASA) Aquarius/SAC‐D European Agency's (ESA) Soil Moisture‐Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellites. analysis...