Abstract The D3 expansion region of the 28S gene and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA sequences from Globodera rostochiensis, G. pallida, tabacum tabacum, virginiae solanacearum have been aligned compared. There are no nucleotide differences in between rostochiensis pallida. Sequence analysis RFLPs ITS-PCR products showed that several haplotypes present genomes pallida populations. Restriction patterns PCR for eight enzymes differentiation these two species given. Phylogenetic 41 ITS obtained populations...

The role and functioning of the anterior chemosensory organs plant parasitic nematodes is examined, with particular emphasis on amphids. morphology amphids discussed primarily in context changes ultrastructure associated different life stages. involvement amphidial secretions chemoreception behavioral electrophysiological analyses nematode responses to semiochemicals are special reference research sex pheromones. These techniques, combined use lectins antibodies, provide information sensilla...

This review primarily covers literature on the hatching of cyst-nematodes that has appeared since 1971. The section physical factors which influence includes effects temperature, moisture, aeration and seasonal especially in relation to diapause. Research dealing with chemical stimulation inhibition is also reviewed mechanism discussed particular reference Globodera rostochiensis.

Investigations of nematode hatching have concentrated on the parasitic forms, especially synchronization between host and parasite life-cycles which, in some species, is so close that dependent for stimulus. Research into reflects artificial separations created throughout nematology by defining research groups their activities terms host; consequently, useful comparisons plant animal nematodes been few. With increasing use geneticists as model animals interest them neuro-physiologists,...

When hatched juveniles are transferred from distilled water to 0.4 M sucrose or trehalose solutions their content falls 72% 67%, the value observed for unhatched in eggs equilibrated with water. Juveniles move little after 6 hr immersion more concentrated sugar solutions, but dilution give a concentration 0.1 restores many active movement. Few emerge cysts of potato-root diffusate an artificial hatching agent (0.4 mM picrolonic acid) which contain at concentrations M. The evidence suggests...

The effect of different relative humidities on the survival individual larvae and adults Ditylenchus dispasci D. myceliophagus has been examined; experiments were carried out at 5 18°C with dipsaci . Survival both species was enhanced when they dried high and, for , by lower temperature. all stages poor. Generally it expressed in minutes only; 4th-and 3rd-stage larvae, however, marginally better surviving drying than much 2nd-stage larvae. Although 4th-stage larva overwhelmingly superior to...

ABSTRACT Larvae-containing eggs of the potato cyst nematode were soaked in root diffusate artificial tap water or alone. In one experiment, still contained intact cysts; another experiment they a halved cyst. Eggs ruptured after 0−5 days treatment and content liberated larvae immediately estimated by interference microscopy. Larvae from treated both cysts had higher than controls. reached their maximum 24 h treatment; those attained same value 2 days. The delay, for cyst, is keeping with...

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify a fragment of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) from species and undescribed populations Aphelenchoides Ditylenchus augustus.The PCR primers were based on conserved sequences in 18S 26S RNA genes Caenorhabditis elegans, tn C. these 1,292 base pair (bp) fragment, which consists two internal transcribed spacers entire 5.8S gene.Amplification products crude preparations 12 D. augustus ranged size approximately 860-1,100bp.Southern blots probed with...

Interference microscopy has been used to study the rate at which water enters and is lost from larval adult stages of Ditylenchus dipsaci D. myceliophagus . It shown that cuticle dry nematode, irrespective stage, completely permeable water. In contrast, marked intra– interspecific differences were found in 0 50% relative humidity. All very rapidly: this species, death, as a consequence severe desiccation, appears be linked lack any ability control loss. For , those known survive desiccation...

When eggs of Ascaris suum were transferred from glass-distilled water into 0.1--0.4 M NaCl solutions, the content unhatched juveniles fell with increasing concentration solute. The effect was reversible. egg-shell thus permeable to water. osmotic pressure egg fluid osmotically equivalent between 0.1 and 0.2 trehalose. In hatching experiments in Fairbairn's medium containing or trehalose, only 5 3% respectively hatched; 83% hatched absence evidence suggests that loss solutes permits an...