We demonstrate 50-Gb/s direct modulation by using 1.3-μm distributed-feedback lasers with a ridge waveguide structure. employed InGaAlAs material for multiple-quantum well to obtain low damping factor <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">K</i> , and fabricated structure buried in benzocyclobutene realize parasitic capacitance. In addition, high maximum frequency relaxation oscillations fr, we designed the cavity length...

To cope with the various nonlinear signal distortions in intensity-modulation/direct-detection transmission systems, a theoretical analysis on Volterra equalizer (VNLE) is provided, focusing computational complexity aspects. The yields simple reduced-complexity scheme for second-order VNLE (R2-VNLE) based performance-complexity tradeoff. An experimental verification performed single-sideband 28-GBaud PAM-4 signals, generated by an electroabsorption modulated distributed-feedback laser, over...

This paper describes the wide temperature range operation of an electroabsorption modulator (EAM) integrated with DFB laser diodes (LDs) (EML) designed to reduce power consumption and size optical transmitters. We optimized multiquantum wells (MQWs) for LD EAM separately realize uncooled operation. employed a conduction band offset (¿ <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Ec</i> ) around 250 meV 150 EAM. The number well layers was set at...

Using a lumped-electrode EADFB laser with modulation bandwidth of ~59 GHz, we demonstrated single-wavelength single-polarization direct-detection 4-PAM transmission the record net data rate 200 Gbit/s.

We have measured the susceptibility, specific heat, resistivity, and thermopower of CaCu 3 Ti 4- x Ru O 12 3- y Mn 4 , found that can be regarded as a heavy-fermion oxide in d-electron systems. The Kondo temperature is near 200 K, susceptibility (1.4 ×10 -3 emu/Cu mol) electron heat coefficient [28 mJ/(Cu mol K 2 )] are moderately enhanced. resistivity proportional to T at low temperatures, satisfies Kadowaki–Woods relation. state comes from interaction between localized moment Cu 3d...

A 1.3-μm, 4 × 25-Gbit/s, EADFB laser array module with large output power and low driving voltage is developed for 100GbE. novel rear grating DFB introduced to increase the of while keeping single mode lasing, which desirable a monolithic integration. Also, InGaAlAs-based electroabsorption modulators make very-low-driving-voltage operation possible due their steep extinction curves. With module, very clear 25-Gbit/s eye openings are obtained four wavelengths only 0.5 V securing dynamic ratio...

We fabricated a Hi-FIT LE-EADFB laser module. Hi-FIT, which is wire-free interconnection technique, provides higher modulation bandwidth and flatter frequency response than conventional wire technique. The module has 3-dB of about 59 GHz sufficiently flat less 45 GHz. Using this module, we demonstrated single-wavelength single-polarization direct-detection 4-PAM transmission with record net data rate 200 Gb/s. And operation at 214 Gb/s, obtained BER 3.8 × 10 <sup...

Abstract The growth behaviour of carbon layers formed on a Pt(111) surface has been investigated by means scanning tunnelling microscopy. A layer with ( $\sqrt{19}$ × )R23.4° structure was grown benzene exposure 3 L at 1000 K. After &gt;10 L, graphene islands hexagonal shapes appeared in the terraces. grew beyond step edges, and their often caused bunching edges Pt atom migration. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

We have achieved the 100-Gb/s/λ operation of a flip-chip interconnection 1.3-μm lumped-electrode electroabsorption modulator integrated with distributed feedback laser module for first time. The provides flatter frequency response characteristic and higher modulation bandwidth. Clear eye opening was 103-Gb/s nonreturn to zero equalizer-free 56-GBd 4-pulseamplitude after 10-km single-mode fiber transmission.

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using spherical aggregates of hydroxyapatite (HA) microcrystals as adsorbent has been developed; preliminary performance tests were carried out by several types protein. In comparison with previously developed plate-like HA packed columns for HPLC, show considerably high chromatographic resolutions in spite extremely reduced column lengths 0.5-3 cm. The pressure generated the latter is much higher than that former, however.

We present the results of low- and high-temperature measurements, from 5 to 800 K, electrical resistivity thermoelectric power polycrystalline c-axis-oriented textured samples Ca3-zNdzCo4O9 (0≤z≤0.9). Crystallographic structure, microstructure texture analyses have also been carried out. The substitution lighter rare-earth large ionic Nd for Ca in an increase Seebeck coefficient. However, increases accordingly. In addition, Hall effect sample was studied 50–300 K interval. This measurement...

We report how the thermopower of complex transition-metal oxides is susceptible to small changes in material parameters. In A-site ordered perovskite oxide R(2/3)Cu(3)Ti(3.6)Ru(0.4)O(12), from 15 -100 microV K(-1) at 300 K going R = La Er. associate this with hybridization between Cu 3d and Ru 4d electrons, which depends on R. For stronger hybridization, electrons become more itinerant leading positive thermopower. cobalt Sr(3)YCo(4)O(10.5), spin state Co(3+) ions determines magnitude...

A high-performance 1.3 µm InGaAlAs electroabsorption modulator integrated with a DFB laser for the metro-area 100 Gbit/s Ethernet system (100GBASE-LR4 and -ER4) has been developed. 40 km transmission under 25 operation on singlemode fibre that is required 100GBASE-ER4 application at 40°C demonstrated first time.

A 1.3 µm, 50 Gbit/s electroabsorption modulator integrated with a DFB laser for future parallel LAN, the total data rate of which is over 100 Gbit/s, developed. Very clear eye openings after 40 km transmission under operation on singlemode fibre are demonstrated eight wavelengths discrete packages first time.

We propose a novel approach for simultaneously controlling the chirp and increasing output power of an EADFB laser by monolithically integrating short-cavity SOA. achieved 40-Gbit/s 5-km SMF transmission at wavelength 1.55 μm using SOA with lower consumption than stand-alone laser.

Polycrystalline samples of the delafossite Rh oxide ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ag}}_{x}{\mathrm{Rh}}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}{\mathrm{Mg}}_{y}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ were investigated to clarify its transport properties. Mg substitution dramatically decreases resistivity and Hall coefficient, whereas it does not change thermopower mobility. As an origin for this, we propose that holes doped by ions are spatially segregated in sample, move away from retain high In parent...

We describe the performance of 1.3 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu$</tex></formula> m InGaAlAs ridge waveguide multiple quantum-well distributed feedback lasers. obtained a 3 dB down bandwidth frequency around 30 GHz by shortening cavity length laser. demonstrated experimentally that it is possible to obtain clear eye opening at 43 Gb/s modulation speed after 40 km single-mode...

The 25 Gbaud/s 4‐level pulse amplitude modulation (4‐PAM) of a 1.3 μm electroabsorption modulator integrated with distributed feedback (DFB) laser is demonstrated for the first time. linearities DFB (EADFB) and directly modulated are evaluated to investigate applicability PAM format these devices.