The preferred grain orientation in polycrystals causes a direction dependence of the ultrasonic wave velocities. In an extensive study, texture influence on different velocities is measured series cold‐rolled ferritic steel sheets. Based that, techniques are developed to characterize terms three fourth‐order expansion coefficients distribution function (ODF). Evaluation equations given for application free longitudinal and shear waves as well SH‐waves. Furthermore, linear correlations found...

The mechanical and vibration responses of 225‐pin, 324‐pin 396‐pin PBGA (plastic ball grid array) solder joints have been determined in this study. effects overload environmental stress factors on the by bending twisting experiments. shipping functional out‐of‐plane experiments a mathematical analysis.

Abstract The effect of a crack on time-of-flight shear waves (4.5 MHz) polarized in perpendicular (t ⊥) and parallel ∥) directions to the surface, propagating direction growth is investigated. first second back-wall echoes are used instead weak crack-tip echo for measurement time-of-flight. made fatigue cracks grown by different loading histories ferritic steel (pressure vessel A533B-1) under condition no loading. normalized ⊥ - t ∥)/t at position found change proportionally as ratio depth...

Abstract The effect of a crack on time-of-flight shear waves (4.5 MHz) polarized in perpendicular (t ⊥) and parallel ∥) directions to the surface, propagating direction growth is investigated. first second back-wall echoes are used instead weak crack-tip echo for measurement time-of-flight. made fatigue cracks grown by different loading histories ferritic steel (pressure vessel A533B-1) under condition no loading. normalized ⊥ - t ∥)/t at position found change proportionally as ratio depth...

Abstract Belastungsversuche an Bauwerken zur Bestimmung ihrer Resttragfähigkeit sind etabliert und werden schon seit längerer Zeit erfolgreich eingesetzt. Zerstörungsfreie Prüfverfahren bieten die Möglichkeit, den Bauwerkszustand zu beschreiben mit diesen Erkenntnissen Tragfähigkeitsnachweis führen sowie Resttragfähigkeiten bestimmen. Ziel des hier vorgestellten Forschungsvorhabens ist es, das diesbezügliche Potenzial der zerstörungsfreien Bauteilprüfung ermitteln. Contribution of...

In April 2010, the New York Times reported that Vattenfall AB, an energy company owned by Swedish government, had built one of first coal-fired power plants designed to capture approximately 90% CO2 it produced, with plans sequester underground in geologic repositories near plant Brandenburg, Germany (Voosen, 2010). By most measures, if plant’s operations proven be successful, could have served as a model for other carbon and sequestration worldwide.

The components of the elastic stiffness tensor hot rolled low‐carbon steel were determined using an ultrasonic pulse‐echo‐method. They also calculated on basis X‐ray texture measurements Hill approximation. maximum deviation between experimental and values is 3.5%. An influence slightly anisotropic grain structure anisotropy could not be seen.

We describe a method for the nondestructive determination of residual elastic stress. It is based solely on time-offlight measurements polarized ultrasonic shear waves. Furthermore , influence stress and texture sound velocity absorption has been examined experimentally.

The paper describes the measuring and evaluation procedures of both techniques. state art is characterized by discussing experimental results applications on e.g. turbine rotors, gear parts welded plates sheets. Comparisons with established techniques show reliability ultrasonic micromagnetic applicability as well limitations will be commented in detail.

Abstract Das Bauen im Bestand ist zu einer wichtigen Aufgabe geworden. Änderungen in der Nutzung von Bestandsbauwerken setzen eine Analyse des Beanspruchungszustandes einzelnen Bauteile, insbesondere Geschossdecken, voraus. Die Kenntnis Längsspannungen den Bewehrungsstäben wären aussagekräftige Information zur Abschätzung Tragreserven. Zerstörungsfreie mikromagnetische und Ultraschall‐Verfahren werden Spannungsanalyse an Maschinenbauteilen schon eingesetzt. Nutzungsmöglichkeit wird diesem...

Abstract The problem of detection and sizing fatigue cracks that are closed due to the reverse plastic deformation is addressed in this paper. In particular, it suggested zone can be identified by measuring changes wave speeds plastically deformed material. This supported through experimental results, first determining speed with monotonic then investigating zones near cracks. characteristic interpreted terms theory propagation nonlinearly media elastic fracture mechanics.

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Physician autonomy has been found to play a role in physician acceptance and adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) medicine. However, there is still no consensus the literature on how define assess autonomy. Furthermore, lack research focusing specifically potential effects AI </sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> This scoping review addresses following questions: (1) How do qualitative studies conceptualize autonomy? (2) Which aspects are addressed by these...

Abstract The problem of detection and sizing fatigue cracks that are closed due to the reverse plastic deformation is addressed in this paper. In particular, it suggested zone can be identified by measuring changes wave speeds plastically deformed material. This supported through experimental results, first determining speed with monotonic then investigating zones near cracks. characteristic interpreted terms theory propagation nonlinearly media elastic fracture mechanics.