The purpose of this work was to develop and validate an automated method for intrathoracic tumour motion estimation from breath-hold computed tomography (BH CT) imaging using the three-dimensional optical flow (3D OFM). A modified 3D OFM algorithm provided displacement vectors each voxel which were used map voxels on expiration BH CT onto inspiration images. thoracic phantom simulated expiration/inspiration pairs validation. applied measured images one lung cancer oesophageal patient....

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is used as a surrogate of electrocardiograms (ECG) for heart rate variability (HRV) analysis or respiratory monitoring. PPG more convenient way to measure HRV than ECG at rest, since respiration could be confounding factor in evaluation. However, it remains unclear whether not controlled breathing affects breath-volume and when pulse (PRV) are measured different situations. Consciously was performed alter the autonomic nervous states subjects caused by sinus...

Abstract Purpose Management of peptic ulcer bleeding is clinically challenging. Accurate characterization the during endoscopy key for endoscopic therapy. This study aimed to assess whether a deep learning model can aid in classification disease. Methods Endoscopic still images patients ( n = 1694) with last 5 years were retrieved and reviewed. Overall, 2289 collected training, 449 validated performance test. Two expert endoscopists classified into different classes based on their...

The management of peptic ulcer bleeding is clinically challenging. For decades, the Forrest classification has been used for risk stratification nonvariceal bleeding. perception and interpretation vary among different endoscopists. relationship between bleeder images stages not studied yet. Endoscopic still 276 patients with past 3 years were retrieved reviewed. intra-rater agreement inter-rater compared. obtained endoscopic manually drawn to delineate extent area. areas region interest...

A technique that can register anatomic/structural brain images (e.g., MRI) with various functional PET-FDG and PET-FDOPA) of the same subject has been developed. The procedure this includes following steps: (1) segmentation MRI into gray matter (GM), white (WM), cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), and, muscle (MS) components, (2) assignment appropriate radio-tracer concentrations to components depending on kind image is being registered, (3) generation simulated have a spatial resolution comparable...

A three-dimensional (3D) optical flow program that includes a multi-resolution feature has been developed and applied to 3D anatomic structure gross tumor volume (GTV) contour mapping for four-dimensional computed tomography (4D CT) data. The present study actual CT data sets from 3 patients also thoracic phantom in which the displacement each voxel was known. Of patients, one set used map lung GTV contours over all respiration phases, other two were studied using only end inspiration...

Nighttime object detection is challenging due to dim, uneven lighting. The IIHS research conducted in 2022 shows that pedestrian anti-collision systems are less effective at night. Common solutions utilize costly sensors, such as thermal imaging and LiDAR, aiming for highly accurate detection. Conversely, this study employs a low-cost 2D image approach address the problem by drawing inspiration from biological dark adaptation mechanisms, simulating functions like pupils photoreceptor cells....

The acute and long-term effects of chronic amphetamine administration on the striatal dopamine system in monkeys were assessed with 6-[18F]fluoro-L-DOPA (FDOPA) positron emission tomography (PET). Vervet (Cerecopithecus aethiops) administered doses, i.m., that increased from 4 mg/kg/d to 18 over a 10 day period. Post-amphetamine FDOPA-PET scans at 1–2, 3–4, 6 week time points individual subjects showed persistent decrements synthesis capacity as reflected by FDOPA influx rate constant (Ki)...

Pulse palpation was an important part of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) vascular examination. It is challenging for new physicians to learn differentiate between palpations various pulse types, due limited comparative learning time with established masters, and so normally it takes many years master art. The purpose this study introduce offline TCM skill evaluation comparison system that makes available without master's presence. We record patient's radial artery using existing...

In dynamic cardiac PET FDG studies for measurement of myocardial metabolic rate glucose (MMRGlc), the plasma time-activity curve (input function) is commonly obtained from left ventricular (LV) region on images. The input function contaminated by spillover radioactivity surrounding myocardium and this could cause significant error in estimated MMRGlc. study, we determined effect to blood pool MMRGlc developed a method correct activity. based reformulation model equation terms that includes...

In this study, various image registration methods are investigated for their suitability of L-6-[18F]-fluoro-DOPA (FDOPA) PET images. Five different optimization criteria including sum absolute difference (SAD), mean square (MSD), cross-correlation coefficient (CC), standard deviation pixel ratio (SDPR), and stochastic sign change (SSC) were implemented Powell's algorithm was used to optimize the criteria. The calculated either unidirectionally (i.e. only evaluating comparing resliced 1 with...

Helical CT scans have shown effectiveness in detecting lung nodules compared with the convention thoracic radiography. However, a two-dimensional (2-D) image slice, it is difficult to differentiate from vertically oriented pulmonary blood vessels. This paper reports an object-based deformation method detect images three-dimension (3-D). Object-based this consists of preprocessing and nodule detection. numbers are used identify region objects nodules, vessels, airways. Hough transform each...

The authors used the Fourier descriptors (FD) of an electrocardiogram (ECG) and a synthetic vectorcardiogram (SVCG) to classify normal beat premature ventricular contraction (PVC). They find that magnitude these decreases rapidly for higher-order harmonics, major shape information SVCG is contained in few descriptors. distinction between PVC very clear. can efficiently beats PVCs by just coefficients. original be reconstructed from descriptors, results significant data compression. Five...

This paper describes a fast and very effective feature extraction technique for detection discrimination of QRS on microprocessor-based Holter ECG analysis system. The converts long term (up to 24 hours) recorded into positive waveform by signal preprocessing. Three characteristic factors, the duration, areas, original slope are detected when onset end points each pulse have been dynamic threshold detection. prominent is extracted from product these three factors. It used identify normal...

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a technique based on photonics related to the volumetric changes in blood vessels during circulation. PPG has been widely applied monitoring respiration, hypervolemia and other circulatory diseases. The smartphone becomes more popular nowadays. As usually equipped with light-emitting diode (LED) camera, imaging function proposed for signal detection. An algorithm termed as autoregressive (AR) decomposition presented extract respiratory rate pulse of subject...

We study anomaly detection in a context that considers user trajectories as input and tries to identify anomalies for users following normal routes such taking public transportation from the workplace home or vice versa. Trajectories are modeled discrete-time series of axis-parallel constraints ("boxes") 2-D space. The can be estimated by considering two trajectories, where one trajectory is current movement pattern other weighted collected N norms. proposed system was implemented evaluated...

Biomedical Engineers (BME) play an important role in medical and healthcare society. Well educational programs are to support the systems including hospitals, long term care organizations, manufacture industries of devices/instrumentations/systems, sales/services companies devices/instrumentations/system. In past 30 more years, biomedical engineering society has accumulated thousands people hold a degree, work as engineer Taiwan. Most BME students can be trained departments with at least one...