A5026861067- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Astro and Planetary Science
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Mineralogy and Gemology Studies
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Geological formations and processes
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Radioactive element chemistry and processing
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
- Marine and environmental studies
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Glass properties and applications
- Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies
Washington University in St. Louis
2015-2024
Planetary Science Institute
2018
Case Western Reserve University
2012-2015
National Astronomical Observatories
2015
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2007-2012
IIT@MIT
2009-2011
Water is a key ingredient in the generation of magmas subduction zones. This review focuses on role water mantle wedge, factors that allow melting to occur, and plate tectonic variables controlling location arc volcanoes worldwide. also influences chemical differentiation occurs when cool crystallize Earth's continental crust. The source H 2 O for magma hydrous minerals are carried into Earth by subducting slab. These dehydrate, releasing their bound overlying hotter, shallower where begins...
Water‐filled cracks are an effective mechanism to drive hydro‐fractures through thick ice sheets. Crack geometry is therefore critical in assessing whether a supraglacial lake contains sufficient volume of water keep crack water‐filled until it reaches the bed. In this study, we investigate fracture propagation using linear elastic mechanics model calculate dimensions beneath lakes. We find that cross‐sectional area increases non‐linearly with sheet thickness. Using these results, place...
Abstract The composition of clinopyroxene and clinopyroxene-liquid (Cpx-Liq) pairs are frequently used to calculate crystallization/equilibration pressures in igneous systems. While canonical uncertainties often assigned calculated based on fits calibration or test datasets, the sources these (and thus ways reduce them) have not been rigorously assessed. We show that considerable arise from analytical error associated with Electron Probe Microanalyser (EPMA) measurements Cpx. Specifically,...
Here we develop a lherzolite melting model and explore the effects of variations in mantle composition, pressure, temperature, H 2 O content on melt composition. New experiments compilation experimental liquids saturated with all minerals (olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, plagioclase and/or spinel) are used to calibrate that predicts temperature major element composition broad spectrum primary basalt types produced under anhydrous low O‐content conditions at upper pressures. The can...
We describe the Library of Experimental Phase Relations (LEPR), which is a new Web‐based database experiments pertaining to magmatic phase equilibria. The includes information from related natural or near‐natural silicate At present, more than 6,600 with liquids ranging in composition komatiite rhyolite performed at temperatures between 500 and 2500°C pressures up 27.5 GPa. Here we organization data metadata that are included as well structure implementation its Web interface. discuss number...
Research Article| February 01, 2009 Lunar Mare Volcanism: Where Did the Magmas Come From? Timothy L. Grove; Grove *Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Cambridge, MA 02139, USA E-mail: tlgrove@mit.edu; kraw@mit.edu Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Michael J. Krawczynski Author Article Information Publisher: Mineralogical Society America First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1811-5217 Print 1811-5209 © Elements...
Double-Wien filter-selection-aperture and hexapole-collision-cell technologies coupled to laser ablation multicollector inductively plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS/MS) enables in situ analysis of 87 Sr variations produced by Rb decay.
Basaltic volcanism on the Moon produced low- and high-Ti mare basalt suites that are also distinct with respect to their iron, titanium, magnesium isotopic compositions. Here, equilibrium fractionation of Fe Ti isotopes between ilmenite melt was experimentally investigated in order evaluate role generating compositional variability among lunar basalts. Ilmenite crystallization experiments were conducted using two bulk compositions: an ilmenite-saturated basaltic andesite Apollo 14 black...
Abstract Here we present a study on the quenchability of hydrous mafic melts. We show via hydrothermal experiments that ability to quench melt homogeneous glass at cooling rates relevant natural samples has limit no more than 9 ± 1 wt% dissolved H2O in melt. performed supra-liquidus starting composition 1–1.5 GPa spanning H2O-undersaturated H2O-saturated conditions (from ~1 ~21 wt%). After dissolving and equilibrating, were quenched. Quenching 20 90 K/s transition temperature achieved, some...
Abstract Amorphous silicates are common in extraterrestrial materials, especially carbonaceous chondrites of petrologic types 1 and 2. In addition, high percentage amorphous components poorly crystalline phyllosilicates were found the mudstones at Gale Crater by CheMin instruments on board Mar Curiosity rover, which illustrates importance characterizing future planetary surface explorations. The structure an silicate can vary two aspects: degree polymerization crystallinity. Here we present...
Numerous paleomagnetic studies suggest that a lunar dynamo, with surface field intensities potentially as high 40-100 µT, existed between ∼3.9 Ga and ∼3.5 Ga. This period is referred to the High Field Epoch (HFE). However, debate over origin of magnetization recorded in rocks still persists. In addition, whether Moon could have sustained continuously strong dynamo during HFE remains unclear. To unravel preserved better characterize evolution ancient we conducted comprehensive set experiments...
Abstract Sample 12032,366‐18 is a 41.2 mg basaltic rock fragment collected during the Apollo 12 mission to Moon. It enriched in incompatible trace elements (e.g., 7 ppm Th), but does not have bulk composition that would be considered KREEP (enriched potassium, rare earth elements, and phosphorous) basalt. The sample of particular interest because it may representative some mare basalts within Oceanus Procellarum are inferred Th‐rich, based on remote sensing data. major mineral assemblage...
Abstract Oxygen fugacity is an important but difficult parameter to constrain for primitive arc magmas. In this study, the partitioning behavior of Fe3+/Fe2+ between amphibole and glass synthesized in piston-cylinder cold-seal apparatus experiments developed as oxybarometer, applicable magmas ranging from basaltic dacitic composition. The Fe2+ strongly dependent on melt polymerization; relative compatibility decreases with increasing polymerization. Fe2+/Mg distribution coefficient a...
Abstract The Moon generated a long‐lived core dynamo magnetic field, with intensities at least episodically reaching ∼10–100 μT during the period prior to ∼3.56 Ga. While anomalies observed within impact basins are likely attributable presence of impactor‐added metal, other such as those associated lunar swirls not conclusively linked exogenic materials. This has led hypothesis that some may be related magmatic features dikes, sills, and laccoliths. However, basalts returned from Apollo...
Abstract We provide a new algorithm for mass‐balance calculations in petrology and geochemistry based on the log‐ratio approach championed initially by John Aitchison (e.g., Aitchison, 1982, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2517-6161.1982.tb01195.x ; 1984, https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01029316 ) along with underlying principles, mathematical frameworks, data requirements. Log‐ratio Inversion of Mixed End‐members (LIME) is written MATLAB calculates phase proportions an experiment or rock given bulk...